Lesson video

Hello everyone.

It's Mr. Brown here with your English lesson for today and it's a really important one in helping us to be able to add structure to organise a speech.

This is all about preparing before you actually make the speech, the work that we do to help that speech flow correctly, be easy for an audience to follow.

That's what today's lesson is going to all be about.

So let's get started.

Okay, the outcome for today's lesson is, I can use the PEPS structure to organise a speech.

Don't worry, you're going to find out everything about the PEPS structure.

For today's lesson, I can use the PEPS structure to organise a speech.

And the key words which will help us on our learning journey today.

Structure, point, explanation, proof, summary.

Let's go my turn, your turn because these words are so important.

My turn first, structure, point, explanation, proof, summary.

Very good, by the end of this lesson you will know this structure, so, so well.

Let's have a look at some of the definitions for these words.

A structure is the way something is organised, A point is an idea or reason to support your opinion.

An explanation means giving reasons to help someone understand an opinion.

Proof refers to the evidence used to support an opinion and a summary will briefly recap the main parts of a speech, all important words that will come up throughout today's lesson.

Let's take a look at the lesson outline for adding structure to organise a speech.

We will start today's learning looking in detail at using the PEPS structure.

We'll then move our learning on to focusing on generating points.

Using the PEPS structure.

Structure is the way that something is organised, all around us in life, there are lots and lots of things that have been organised with a structure.

It might be the way that you've organised your toys at home.

It might be the way that your teacher has organised the classroom, but there will be a structure in place to help these things stay organised.

Lots of things use structures to help them work better.

A building has a structure to keep it standing.

A story often follows a structure.

There's a clear beginning, middle and end.

A day at school even follows a set structure.

You know what time to arrive, where to go, what time your play times will be.

That's a structure.

A structure should be used to help a speaker organise their speech and now there are several benefits of doing this, helping the speech to flow and be easier for an audience to follow.

So, so important.

Ensuring that key parts aren't missed.

When you are delivering a speech you might be nervous, you might miss a really important part, but you won't do if you're following a structure because you know what's coming next.

Helping to manage time.

Often when we are making a speech there will be a set time to do this in and it helps to make our speech not too long and not too short.

Reducing nervousness, it can be a daunting thing, standing in front of an audience and speaking.

Some people will find it easier than others, but having a structure to support you will be a little bit like a safety net.

Making sure that if you get nervous and you are worried or you stumble over your words, you know there's something there to look down at and go, okay, I know where I am, I know what to do next.

Appearing prepared and professional.

Every time we are delivering a speech to an audience, we are trying to appear as prepared and as professional as we possibly can and following a structure will help us to do this.

Let's check our understanding.

Which of these is a benefit of following a structure when making a speech? Is it A, allowing the audience to know what's coming next? B, ensuring that key parts aren't missed or C, eliminating the need for preparation.

Is it A, allowing the audience to know what's coming next? B, ensuring that key parts are not missed or C, eliminating, which means that you don't have to do it at all.

Eliminating the need for preparation.

Pause the video and decide now and welcome back.

Okay, let's see, so A, allowing the audience to know what's coming next.

Now the structure, we don't share this with the audience beforehand, so they still wouldn't know what's coming next.

It's for you the speaker, so it's not A.

C, eliminating the need for preparation.

Now this is an interesting one.

Using a structure definitely does not mean we do not need to prepare.

We'll be preparing using that structure so it's not C, which means it must be B.

Which of these is a benefit of following a structure when making a speech? It's B, ensuring that key parts aren't missed.

Following a structure will help us hugely in ensuring we do not miss any key parts of our speech.

Well done if you've got that correct.

There are four parts to the structure to follow when making a speech.

They are number one, point, two, explanation, three, proof, and four, summary.

Point, explanation, proof, summary.

Let's say it with me, my turn, your turn.

Point, explanation, proof, summary.

Very good, point, explanation, proof summary.

The acronym, which means that we've taken the first letter of each word and made it into its own word to help us remember those words is PEPS.

The acronym PEPS can help us to remember this structure and its order point, explanation, proof, summary, PEPS, PEPS.

You need to know this and you need to know its order.

You will do by the end of this lesson.

True or false, the four parts to the structure are point, explanation, proof, summary? Is that true or is that false? Pause the video and decide for yourself now.

And welcome back.

Congratulations to everyone who said true.

Of course it is, point, explanation, proof, summary.

The PEPS structure.

Well done, let's justify our answer.

Would you justify with A, this structure will help a speech to flow or B, this structure will make a speech difficult to deliver.

Pause the video and decide how you would justify your answer.

Okay, welcome back.

Let's see if you were right, well done if you said A, the structure will help a speech to flow.

B said, the structure will make a speech difficult to deliver.

This structure will not make a speech difficult to deliver.

It will make it easier.

So well done if you justified with A.

each part of the PEPS structure serves a different purpose.

Let's take a look at that now.

The purpose of the first part of the PEPS structure, which is point.

The point clearly tells the audience what the speech is about and is when the speaker shares their opinion.

Our points need to be very long, but it must be clear at the end of the point the audience should know what the speech is all about and what the speaker's opinion is.

Number two is the explanation part.

The explanation is where the speaker can justify their opinion with reasoning.

To justify your opinion means to explain why you think something and reasoning is all the different reasons that back up your opinion, that explain why you think it.

The explanation part is where the speaker will justify their opinion with reasoning.

They will explain why they think something and give as many reasons as they can.

Number three comes proof.

The proof is the part where a speaker can share evidence with the audience that supports their opinion.

This might be facts or figures or statistics or quotes from famous people who are experts in this area.

All of this is evidence proof that will support the speaker's opinion.

And lastly, we finish with summary.

The summary is the speaker's chance to recap the main point of the speech.

One more time for the audience.

This is where they will go over the most important parts and clearly say the main point again.

So the audience are no doubt of what the speech has been about, what the speaker's opinion is and the key points.

Let's check our understanding, which part of the PEPS structure comes at the end of a speech.

Is it A, explanation, B proof, C, summary, and D point? I have changed the order.

I've shuffled these around so it's a little bit more tricky for you.

Which part of the pep structure comes at the end? A explanation, B, proof C, summary, D, point.

Pause the video and decide now.

And welcome back.

Congratulations if you said C, summary.

Yes, we know the S in PEPS comes at the end and that stands for summary.

So well done if you said summary, let's move on to a practise task for you all match each part of the PEPS structure to a definition of what a speaker would use each part for.

So you can see on the left side you've got, point, explanation, proof, summary, the four parts of the PEPS structure.

I'm asking you to match each of those to a definition that explains what that part is all about, what that part is for.

And the four definitions are, recap the main points of the speech.

So which does that? Is it point, explanation, proof or summary.

Say what the speech is about and share an opinion.

Share evidence that supports that opinion or justify their opinion with reasoning.

Your job is to match each part of the PEPS structure to a definition of what a speaker would use each part for.

Pause the video and match up these definitions with each part of the PEPS structure now.

And welcome back to your lesson.

Let's see how you got on.

So the first one we had was points.

And that goes to say what the speech is about and share an opinion.

The points part of the PEPS structure comes first and it's where we say what the speech is about and share an opinion.

We say what we think, explanation came next and that is justify their opinion with reasoning.

Then it's proof, and proof is where you share evidence that supports their opinion.

That's where the speaker will share evidence that support their opinion.

Finally, summary is where you recap the main points of the speech.

The PEPS structure, point, explanation, proof, summary.

Let's move on to focusing on generating points.

The first part of the PEPS structure involves the speaker making their points.

We know PEPS stands for point, explanation, proof, summary, point comes first.

This is when they will share the topic or title of the speech and say what their opinion is.

Say what they think or believe.

For example, I believe that books are better than movies because the reader can use their imagination.

I have shared my opinion.

I've said what I think and I think the books are better than movies because the reader can use their imagination.

Or let's take a look at another example.

My best friend is the greatest because they make me laugh, again, I have given my opinion.

I've said why I think my best friend is the greatest.

It wouldn't be enough just to say "My best friend is the greatest".

You need to explain why, that's the opinion bit.

My best friend is the greatest because they make me laugh.

There is a word that will always appear in a speaker's point and that word is, drum roll please.

Here we go, because, because, because, because it's so important.

You will use it every time.

I believe that books are better than movies because the reader can use their imagination or my best friend is the greatest because they make me laugh because is the word that signals to the audience.

Okay, I'm now going to explain why I think something, which word will always appear in a speaker's point.

Is it A, and B, but or C, because, pause the video and answer for yourself now.

Welcome back.

I'm hoping everybody's got this correct.

Well done if you said because, because is the word that will signal to the audience.

We're now going to explain why we think something.

It'll be used in every speaker's point.

Here's an example again, "I believe the best food is pizza because you can put so many different toppings on." So this person's opinion is it the best food is pizza and they have justified that with a reason.

And the reason is that you can put many different toppings on.

It's a really good justification of that opinion.

The speaker gives one reason to justify their opinion using the word because.

The speaker does not begin explaining the full reasoning behind their opinion yet.

And the point should be just one sentence long.

This is not the explanation part.

We are not explaining it in detail.

It is just one sentence long.

Let's look as another example.

Do you enjoy food? Do you enjoy food that can be eaten anywhere? Do you enjoy food that can be different each time? I believe the best food is pizza because you can put so many different toppings on it.

So this is the same point.

But you can see this time, the speaker might choose to address the audience or use a rhetorical question as part of the point section.

So they've done that first, haven't they? They've still given their actual opinion and that's still just one sentence long.

But first of all, they've hooked the audience in with some rhetorical questions.

Let's check our understanding.

The speaker should share their opinion in a point which is one sentence long.

Is that true or is that false? The speaker, speaker should share their opinion in a point, which is one sentence long pause the video and decide true or false.

And welcome back.

Okay, so the speaker should share their opinion in a point which is one sentence long is of course true.

That's the point.

It's one sentence long, it's them sharing their opinion.

It's using the word because, it doesn't need to be longer than one sentence.

It may have questions to the audience beforehand, but the actual point will still be one sentence long.

Let's justify our answer.

A, speaker should give as much detail as possible over several sentences that day.

B, the speaker does not begin explaining the full reasoning behind their opinion at this point in their speech.

A or B, pause the video and justify your answer now.

Okay, welcome back.

Congratulations if you said B of course, the speaker does not begin explaining the full reasoning behind their opinion at this point in their speech.

They do not need to give as much detail as possible over several sentences.

That is all coming in the explanation part.

Let's focus on a task now.

I would like you to generate a point for each of these speech titles.

Remember, a point gives one reason to justify an opinion using the word because, here are your options.

Number one, the best country to visit on holiday.

This is a speech title that you could use and I'm asking you to generate a point for that.

You can see the speech title is, the best country to visit on a holiday.

You might decide this could be any country in the whole world, as long as you give us one reason using the word because, to explain why that's the best country to visit on a holiday.

Another option is why recycling is important.

Really good speech title there.

Why recycling is important.

Or you could choose the benefits of healthy eating and you could give a speech all about the benefits of healthy eating and telling us what they are.

So your task is to generate a point for each of these speech titles.

And remember, you will use the word because.

Pause the video and have a go now.

Welcome back everyone.

Let's take a look at some examples.

So the best country to visit on holiday.

An example of a point you might have generated could be, I believe the best country to visit on a holiday is Spain because it's warm and sunny.

That's it, that's all you need to do.

You are just giving one reason why you believe something.

Why you think Spain is the best place to go on holiday? 'Cause it's warm and sunny.

Why recycling is important was the speech title.

Recycling is important because it reduces the amount of waste in the landfills, of course, yeah, that's a really good reason why recycling is so important.

If you recycle, it reduces the amount of waste it gets put into landfills.

Number three, the benefits of healthy eating.

The main benefit of healthy eating, I believe the main benefit of healthy eating is having more energy because it will allow you to play for longer.

What a great example of a point.

There's that word because I have given one example because it will allow you to play for longer.

If you're eating healthy, you're gonna have more energy.

There you go, three speech titles and three points.

Let's summarise the learning that we've done today.

The PEPS structure, it stands for point, explanation, proof, summary.

Following the PEPS structure helps you to organise your speech.

First, the speaker gives their points by sharing one reason to justify their opinion using the word because.

Adding structure to organise a speech.

Excellent work today, well done everyone.

I hope to see you again soon.