Lesson video

Hi there.

Welcome to your lesson.

Today's lesson is on body composition, balance, coordination, and reaction time.

And this makes up more of your components of fitness that you need to know for your GCSE PE.

My name's Ms. Hacking, and I'm really looking forward to being your teacher today.

By the end of today's lesson, I'm hoping that we can all define body composition, balance, coordination, and reaction time, and we can apply these to practical examples of each of the components of fitness.

Our keywords today are the components of fitness that we are going to be talking about in today's lesson.

Body composition is a percentage of body weight that is muscle, fat, or bone.

Balance is being able to keep the body stable while at rest or in motion.

Coordination is the ability to use two or more body parts together.

And reaction time is a time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement.

You may wish to pause a video now and jot down the definitions of these keywords because that will help you in today's lesson.

Our lesson today is split into four parts.

In the first part of today's lesson, we're going to define body composition with practical examples.

In the second part of today's lesson, we're going to look at balance and look at applying practical examples to balance.

In the third part of today's lesson, we're going to define coordination and find some practical examples that show or demonstrate coordination.

And for the final part of today's lesson, we're going to define reaction time with practical examples.

Let's get started.

So body composition is a percentage of body weight that is muscle, fat, or bone.

I wonder or Andeep wonders, can you think of any athletes that require different body shapes, and why they would need different body shapes to be successful? Okay, let's have a go to check.

Can you identify the correct definition of body composition? a, percentage of body weight that is water, muscle, and bone.

b, percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle, and bone.

c, percentage of body weight that is muscle, water, and bone, or d, the percentage of body weight that is water, bone, and muscle? It's b, the percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle, and bone.

Well done if you got that correct.

So different sports do benefit from different body types.

And Andeep said, "Which sports may these body shapes perform better at?" So we've got an example of someone that's really lean, quite thin, and a little bit taller.

We've got someone that clearly has a large amount of muscle on their body and maybe less body fat.

And then we've got someone that has higher percentage of body fat on their body.

Which sports do you think would be more suited to each of these body shapes? So you may have thought about that for a lean body shape with low percentage of muscle and body fat, they might be more suited to a long distance endurance event such as a marathon runner.

A high percentage of muscle would be for athletes that need to have high muscular strength.

So something like a boxer, or a gymnast, or a sprinter, they would probably have a high percentage of body muscle and not that much body fat.

And then athletes that would have a high percentage of body fat might be an example would be a sumo wrestler because obviously, the higher amount of body fat they have, the less likely they're going to get pushed out the ring and therefore, they would win their match.

Okay, true or false, some sports performers would benefit from a high percentage of body fat.

Yeah, that's true.

Can you tell me why? Yeah, sumo wrestlers would benefit from a high percentage of body fat, so they're less likely to get pushed out the ring.

So actually, some athletes would require more body fat in order to be successful in their sport.

Okay, now it's your turn to have a go at the task.

For the first part of the task, I'd like you to define body composition.

And for the second part of the task, I'd like you to describe the ideal body composition for the following athletes.

A flyer cheerleader.

Now the flyer cheerleader is the cheerleader that gets thrown up in the air and does all the skills in the air and then gets caught again.

So what type of body composition do you think that that person would benefit from having? A rugby union prop? So this is one of the forwards that often is involved in a lot of the tackling, or a middleweight boxer? You may wish to pause a video now to give yourself time to complete the task.

Okay, so for the first part of the task, you were asked to define body composition.

Now I'm hoping that you remembered from the key words that body composition is a percentage of body weight that is muscle, fat, or bone.

Well done if you remembered that.

For the second part of the task, you were asked to describe the ideal body composition for the following athletes.

You may have said something along these lines.

A flyer cheerleader would need light and a low percentage of body fat and muscle so they can be thrown easily in the air because you want them to be light so that they can go up and have time to perform their skills.

A rugby union prop would need some muscle but a high percentage of body fat to enable tackles to be made easily but also to try and prevent the opposition from tackling them because the heavier they are, might mean it's harder for them to be tackled.

And a middleweight boxer would need a high percentage of muscle to enable speed and power to beat their opponent.

So well done if you've mentioned any of those things.

Okay, let's move on to the second part of today's lesson.

We are going to define balance with practical examples.

Balance is being able to keep the body stable while at rest or in motion.

Lucas has asked, "Which athletes would require good balance?" It's important to note here that balance doesn't mean just staying still.

As the definition has described, we need to talk about balance in motion.

So, for example, running with a ball in basketball or in rugby would require balance because if you weren't balanced, you might fall over or not be as stable and not keep the ball as safe.

So examples of when balance is needed in sport include a gymnast performing a skills routine on a beam or an ice hockey player performing in their hockey match.

Lucas has asked, "Think what would happen if these athletes had poor balance." So if the gymnast had poor balance, she's more likely to fall off, and, therefore, not only is she more likely to get injured, she wouldn't perform, she wouldn't score very well on her performance if she fell off.

So she's less likely to win the gymnastics competition.

With the ice hockey players, again, if they had poor balance, they're less likely to be able to stay upright and more likely to fall over on the ice, which means that they'll be less likely to perform some of the complex skills like dribbling or shooting effectively.

So that's why these athletes would need good balance.

Lots of sports and lots of different athletes require good balance.

And I wonder if you can think of any more.

Okay, let's have a go to check.

True or false? Keeping the body stable when moving is an example of balance.

Yeah, that's true.

Can you tell me why? So balance is being able to keep the body stable while at rest or in motion.

So it is not just when we're stood still, it's when we're moving as well.

So well done if you got that right.

Okay, time for another check.

Can you identify which example would require the most balance in order to be successful? Would it be a, running fast between wickets? Would it be b, swimming the English Channel? Would it be c, landing a 360-degree turn when ice skating? Or would it be d, performing the splits? I'm hoping that you've said c, landing a 360-degree turn when ice skating because if you weren't able to land that because you didn't have much balance, you're more likely to fall over.

Whereas running fast between wickets would require speed, swimming the English Channel would require muscular and cardiovascular endurance, and performing the splits would require flexibility.

So well done if you've got that correct.

Okay, now it's your turn for a task.

For the first part of the task, I would like you to define balance.

For the second part of the task, I'd like you to justify why balance is important to a hockey player.

And Jacobs reminded us that when we justify, we have to give reasons for our answer.

So we have to say why.

You may wish to pause a video now to give yourself time to complete the task.

So for the first part of the task, you are asked to define balance.

And balance is being able to keep the body stable while at rest or in motion.

So I'm hoping that you remembered the key word.

Well done if you did.

For the second part of the task, you were asked to justify why balance is important to a hockey player.

And you may have written some of these points down.

When marking, good balance will prevent an opposition dribbling around you.

Good balance when passing or shooting would allow a player to generate more power and more accuracy, particularly if they're aiming to hit the ball or shoot the ball into the goal, then having good balance will allow it to be more accurate.

When being challenged for the ball, good balance will help maintain control and avoid falling over, particularly if an opponent is coming in to tackle you, having good balance will mean that you stay with the ball and you stay sturdy and less likely to fall.

And good balance can help you react quickly to any movements made by the opposition or the ball.

Again, if you didn't have good balance in that situation, you're more likely to fall over and less likely to get the ball from your opponent.

So well done if you thought about one of those things.

Okay, we are now going to move on to the third part of today's lesson.

We're going to define coordination with practical examples.

So, coordination is the ability to move two or more body parts together.

And John's mentioned that he's heard of coordination before because he's heard of hand-eye coordination.

Sam says that yes, this is an example of coordination as two body parts, your hand and your eyes, are working together in order to complete certain skills.

So things like catching a ball, shooting a ball, or throwing a ball would be a good example of hand-eye coordination.

Okay, let's have a go to check.

I would like you to identify the correct definition of coordination.

Is it a, the wall throw test? Is it b, the ability to change direction at speed? Is it c, the ability to move two or more body parts together? Or is it d, the ability to respond quickly to a stimulus? That's right, it's c.

The ability to move two or more body parts together is a definition of coordination.

b, the ability to change direction at speed is a definition of agility.

And d, the ability to respond quickly to a stimulus talks about reaction time.

So well done if you identify that c is a correct definition of coordination.

So examples of when coordination is needed in sport include some of the following.

In badminton, you would require really good levels of coordination to be able to hit the shuttlecock effectively and to be accurate in where you hit the shuttlecock.

You may have witnessed a beginner play badminton before, and you can tell that maybe they don't have very good levels of coordination because they keep missing the shuttlecock.

Particularly in badminton where the shuttlecock travels very quickly, good coordination is required to really support performance.

Netball requires good coordination to be able to catch a ball, throw a ball accurately, and particularly able to shoot a ball correctly.

A dancer would require good coordination to move two or more body parts together.

So, for example, if they're moving their arms and their legs at the same time or their head and their hands at the same time, but they would also need good coordination, not only for their own body parts, but to move in time with maybe another dancer or to move in time with the music as well.

So dancers definitely need good coordination.

Footballers would also require really good levels of coordination, particularly foot-eye coordination so that they could be accurate with their ball skills, whether that's dribbling, passing, or shooting.

Goalkeepers perhaps may need more hand-eye coordination in order to catch the ball when it's being shot at the goal.

Okay, let's have a go to check.

True or false? Dancers would not require much coordination.

Yeah, that's false.

Can you tell me why? Dancers would require lots of coordination to move more than one body part at a time, in time with the music and/or other dancers? So dancers definitely do require coordination.

So well done if you identified that correctly.

Okay, now it's your turn for a practise task.

For the first part of the task, I'd like you to define coordination.

And for the second part of the task, I'd like you to justify why a badminton player would require good coordination to be successful.

You may wish to pause a video now to give yourself time to complete the task.

Okay, for the first part of the task, you are asked to define coordination, and I'm hoping you've remembered that it's one of our keywords today.

And so you've correctly identified the definition as coordination is the ability to move two or more body parts together.

Well done if you remembered that.

For the second part of the task, you are asked to justify why a badminton player would require good coordination to be successful.

And you may have said any of the following.

Good coordination helps to hit the shuttle accurately even during fast points.

Good coordination allows quick adjustments to body position for smashes, drops, or defensive shots.

Coordination between hand and eye is essential to time shots correctly, so you're able to hit the shuttle.

Footwork coordination helps plays move efficiently to reach the shuttle anywhere on the court using lunges.

And coordination enables smooth transitions between attacking and defensive play.

So well done if you put any of the following down.

Okay, we are now moving on to the final part of today's lesson.

In this part of the lesson, we're going to define reaction time with practical examples.

So reaction time is a time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement.

And John's asked, "In which sports do you have to react quickly?" Okay, let's have a check on how well you can remember the definition.

Can you complete the sentence by filling in the missing word? Reaction time is a time between the presentation of a blank and the onset of movement.

Okay, so you're asked to complete the sentence, reaction time is a time taken between a presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement.

Well done if you correctly defined reaction time by filling in the missing word.

So many sports require good reaction time for success.

Some examples of sports that require good reaction time include a hundred metre sprint.

A hundred metre sprint would require really good reaction time, particularly at the start of the race.

A sprinter would react quickly to the starting gun and the quicker they could react to the starting gun, the better their start is going to be and the faster they're going to have as a start, which could give them an advantage against their opponents and enable them to win the race.

A hockey player would need good reaction time as they would need to react to where the opponents are stood, but also where the ball is hit.

The quicker they can react to the where the ball is hit, the faster they can get there, which might give them an advantage above their opponent.

Kickboxing or martial arts would require good reaction time in order to react to where the opponent is positioned to enable a successful attack on the opponent.

Table tennis would also require high levels of reaction time as table tennis is a very fast sport, and a table tennis player would need to react quickly to where their opponent has hit the ball on the table.

Okay, let's have a go to question.

True or false? A 200-meter runner wouldn't require good reaction time.

They just need speed.

That's false.

Can you tell me why? Yeah, a 200-meter runner would require good reaction time to react quickly to the starting gun to enable them to get a successful start.

So yes, a 200-meter runner would definitely require good reaction time, particularly at the start of their race.

Well done if you identified that.

Okay, for your final task, I would like you to define reaction time.

And for the second part of your final task, I'd like you to justify why a table tennis player needs good reaction time to be successful.

And Jacob's reminded us again that to justify means giving reasons for your answers.

Make sure you say why.

You may wish to pause a video now to give yourself time to complete the task.

Okay, for the first part of your task, you were asked to define reaction time.

And I'm hoping that you remembered as it was one of our keywords, the correct definition, which is reaction time is a time taken between a presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement.

So well done if you remembered that correctly.

For the second part of the task, you are asked to justify why a table tennis player needs good reaction time to be successful.

And you may have said something along these lines.

A table tennis player would need good reaction time to enable them to react quickly to where the opponent has hit the ball.

Without good reaction time, the table tennis player would not be able to return their opponent shot.

So well done if you put something along those lines.

Okay, that gives us just enough time left to summarise today's lesson.

Body composition is a percentage of body weight that is muscle, fat, or bone.

And different sports may benefit from different types of body composition.

Balance is being able to keep the body stable while at rest or in motion.

And it's especially important for a gymnast to hold positions on the beam.

Coordination is the ability to move two or more body parts together.

It is important for a netball player to catch a ball.

And reaction time is a time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement, and it's important for a hundred metre sprinter to react to the starting gun.

Now there are many examples of different types of body composition, balance, coordination, and reaction time in sport.

So I'm hoping that this lesson has given you a bit more confidence to apply these components of fitness to practical examples.

Well done today.

You've worked really hard.

I'll look forward to seeing you again soon.