Hi, everyone, it's Ms Panchal here.

I'm so glad that you've decided to join me on today's science lesson.

So the lesson today is going to be focusing on changes in humans before and after birth.

So we're going to be thinking about those initial stages and thinking about the development that happens in that time.

So we've got lots to get done today.

So let's get started with the lesson.

So the outcome for today's lesson is I can describe changes in humans as they develop as babies.

Some of you may already know some of the changes as you will experience them yourself, or you may have younger siblings, or cousins that are younger than you and you are aware of the changes that they experience.

So we're going to go through some key words now and these words will come up in the lesson.

You may have heard of them before or you may not be so sure, but don't worry, because by the end of the lesson you'll have an understanding of all of the words and what they mean.

So we've got human, mammal, womb, develop, and baby.

So as I said, some of you may already know what these words mean and are familiar with them, and some of you may not be so sure, but please don't worry.

So we've got a slide here with some of the definitions.

So what I would like you to do is just pause the video here and I would like you to read through these definitions in your head on your own and then click play it when you're ready to continue.

Good job, I hope that reading those helps you to understand the meanings of those words and if you weren't sure of some of those.

So our lesson today is going to be split up into two sections.

So the first thing we're going to think about the first stages of life and the second part of the lesson is going to be focusing on human development in babies.

So let's get started with the first part.

So we're looking at the first stages of life.

So humans are animals called mammals.

What does it mean to be a mammal? So have a little bit of quiet thinking time on your own.

What does it mean to be a mammal? So I'm going to give you a few moments now to just have some quiet thinking time on your own.

What does it mean to be a mammal? Okay, so there's lots of different things that can help us identify if an animal is a mammal or not.

And one key thing I want you to have a think about here is looking at these images here.

So we've got a mini pig, we've got a cat, and we've got a human.

So I want you to have a look at these images and use that to maybe help think of your answer about what it means to be a mammal? But also have a think about what you notice about these mammals? Good job.

So mammals can be pregnant and they give birth to live young.

Good job, guys.

So most mammals spend the first stages of life inside the uterus or womb, which is a stretchy organ inside the mother's body.

Do you know how long it takes a human to grow and change in the womb before they're born? So have a think.

Do you know how long a woman is a pregnant for? Have a think.

Good job.

It's actually nine months.

So humans develop in the womb for approximately nine months before birth.

Well done, everyone.

Soon after birth, some baby animals are well developed and are able to move around and look after themselves.

For example, this baby horse, the foul here will be able to get up and stand relatively quickly after it's being born.

When human babies are born, they cannot move or look after themselves.

They depend on adults for everything.

So if we compare the baby horse there to the human baby, as I just said now, the baby horse would actually be able to stand up itself and walk around quite quickly after it's born.

But we know for a fact that for a human baby that's not possible.

So that's one of the key differences.

So although they're both mammals, actually their rate of development is quite different.

So let's do a quick check of the learning we've done so far in this lesson.

So the question is, which type of animal is a human? Is it A, a reptile.

B, an amphibian.

C, a mammal.

Or D, an invertebrate? Have a think and we'll go through the answer soon.

Good job.

The answer is a mammal.

So you know that a human is a mammal.

Well done.

Next question is a true and false one.

So humans begin life inside of their mother's stomach for nine months.

Do we think that is true or false? Have a think.

Good job.

It is false.

So have a think about justifying your answer.

So A, humans develop inside of their mother's womb for nine months, or humans develop inside of their mother's stomach for six months.

Which one do you think is correct? Well done.

So humans develop inside of their mother's womb for nine months.

Good job, everyone.

So we're going to look at the first task now.

So Andeep's mum has just given birth to a baby girl.

Andeep knows that when human babies are born, they can't survive by themselves.

Talk to a partner and make a list of things that Andeep will need to do to help his newborn sister grow and develop in the first few months of life.

So you might want to write down your ideas on a whiteboard or a post-it note with your partner to think about all the things that Andeep will need to do in order to help his newborn sister.

So pause the video here, make a list, and then click play when you're ready to continue and we'll go through some example answers.

Off you go.

Great job, everyone.

I hope you made a long list there of things that Andeep can do to help.

So let's go through some examples.

So you may have some of these examples.

You may have some slightly different ones.

So you could provide protection from anything that might harm the baby.

Keep the baby clean and change nappies regularly.

Provide clothing and bedding to keep the baby warm.

Make sure the baby gets enough rest and sleep.

Make sure the baby has milk for the nutrients it needs.

Provide a stimulating environment for the baby's brain development.

Give the baby lots of love and attention.

And is there anything else that you could think of? So that's a pretty good list there of lots of different things that Andeep could do to help with his newborn sister grow.

And some of you may have also done these things for your younger siblings or cousins that you have in your family.

Well done, everyone.

So we're going to move on to the second part of the lesson.

So we've spoken about the first stages of life and we're now going to think about human development and how babies develop over time.

So humans are considered to be babies for the first 12 months of their lives.

Now does anyone know how long 12 months is in years? Can you tell me? Well done, it's one year.

So one year is equal to 12 months.

Scientists and doctors observe milestones of development.

These are things many babies can do by a certain age.

So Andeep here is saying, "I know that babies learn to crawl, but I'm not sure how old they are.

I think maybe six months old." What do you think? What I want you to do now is make a list of what you think humans learn to do during the first year of their life and at what age? So I want you to pause the video here and maybe jot down your ideas with a partner, and have a think about what things humans learn to do during the first year of their life.

So have a think back to when you were that young or maybe you've got some younger siblings at home or in your family and you think about them and the things that they have learnt.

So have a little think and then click play on the video when you're ready to continue.

Great, well done.

So there's lots of different options and examples you could have there.

So crawling, walking, and even talking maybe some few words as well.

Well done, everyone.

So in the first few months, humans learn to focus their eyes on people and objects around them.

So it takes babies quite a long time to focus on something that's in front of them.

They also learn to reach out and explore the world around them.

So realising that they have hands, they have arms, that they can reach and grab things, that's all of them exploring the things that are around them.

What other changes in humans as they develop as babies? What other changes did you think of? Great, so you may have thought of talking, you may have thought of walking, or maybe even some teeth growing as well.

So newborn babies, human babies are not strong enough to lift their heads without help.

That's why when you are holding a newborn baby or very little baby, it's really important that you support their head because they're not able to lift their heads themselves.

As they develop muscle strength, they begin to push up on their tummy and usually roll over at around four months.

But it's important to remember, it's okay if a baby doesn't roll over at around four months or babies develop at slightly different rates.

So sometimes you may have heard something of a baby having tummy time, that's helping them to strengthen their back muscles, their stomach muscles and actually just help to develop their muscle strength in general.

So often babies can sit up by themselves at around six months.

And at around six months is actually really great age to play with little babies because they're still quite young, but actually they're a lot more aware of their surroundings and will be able to not necessarily talk maybe, but actually respond, hold their hands out, and you'll be able to play with them actually.

Whereas when they're newborn, a lot of their time, all they're doing is sleeping.

So six months actually a really great age to play with little babies.

So let's have a check of our learning so far on human development and babies.

So for how long are humans considered as babies? Is it A, six months.

B, 12 months.

Or C, two years.

Have a little think about what we've just discussed and think about what the correct answer is to this question.

Good job, everyone.

The answer is B, 12 months.

Now can you remember what I said? How long is 12 months in years? Can anyone remember? Great job.

It's actually one year.

So 12 months is equal to one year.

Great job.

So my next question to you is do babies only drink milk? What do you think? So at around six months, babies need more nutrition than is provided by milk alone.

So from when they're born to roughly about six months, baby will only be having milk and that will be where their nutrition comes from.

But after that, they need a little bit more nutrition.

So they begin to eat a variety of foods and can explore different tastes and textures.

And at this age also, children and babies are able to kind of explore different textures and actually realise that things don't maybe taste the same but also have different textures as well.

Also at around six months, babies' first teeth often begin to push through their gums. And often this is what we call when babies are teething and often they get a high temperature or they may be a little bit cranky or cry a little bit more than normal because they can feel those teeth coming through.

And often as soon as that tooth has popped out of the gum, actually the temperature of the baby goes down because the tooth is now there.

So human babies usually begin to stand at around nine months.

And as I said earlier, some babies may start to stand a little bit earlier than this or a little bit later, but that's completely normal and completely fine.

So they often take their first steps at around their first birthday.

And after learning to walk, they'll end up having lots of tumbles and lots of gray's knees maybe, but that's all part of the learning process.

Scientists record the different stages of development in babies in different ways.

So there's lots of different ways of recording development.

So let's have a quick check of understanding.

So which baby is most likely to be aged six months? Why do you think this is? So have a think back to what we've just discussed and different milestones.

And if the baby is aged six months, which picture do we think that matches to? So we've got A, B, and C.

So have a think about what we've just discussed.

You may want to go back to the last couple of slides just to go over the learning to double check with this question.

And then click play it when you're ready to continue and we'll go through the answer.

Great job.

The answer is A.

And can anyone tell me why they think this is? Great job, so we can see here that the little baby got some little teeth coming through at the front.

Well done, everyone.

So we are going to move on to the next task now.

So I would like you to record some important changes in humans as they develop as babies.

You could fill in a table, you could produce a timeline, or you may have an idea of your own.

So you may even maybe want to make a video, or an iMovie, or any different way, or a poster that you can show important changes in humans as they develop as babies.

So you have complete freedom here of how you can choose to show your understanding.

So you can begin with the stages of growth and development from this lesson.

And then you can carry out your own research to include other changes in humans during the first year of life.

So you may want to speak to adults around you, you may want to do some research on the internet, or look at some books to help you complete this task.

So Andeep is asking here, "So, when do most babies learn to crawl?" So in order to answer that question, you may speak to some adults around you, or you may use some secondary research, for example, books, videos, or the internet to help you find the answer to these.

So I'll leave you to your task now and click play when you're ready to continue.

And remember, you can choose how you want to showcase your learning here and understanding.

So I'm really excited to see all the different creative ways you've come up with.

Off you go, have fun.

And click play when you're ready to continue.

Great job, everyone.

I hope you had a great time completing this task.

So here are some examples from some different pupils.

So one child has said, "I created a timeline showing important changes in humans from birth to one year." Another child has said, "I made a poster to show how humans change when they are babies." Another child has said, "I hung my baby photos on a washing line to show different developments in the order they happened." Did you have any different ideas? So you may have chosen to show your understanding and your important changes in humans as they develop in babies in different ways.

Well done everyone for having a good go at this task.

There are quite a few different things to think about, but you've all done a super job, well done.

Some of you may have done something similar to these examples that these children have spoken about, or you may have done something a little bit different.

Maybe you can compare your work to your partner.

Was it similar? Was it different? But also, were some of the milestones and changes, were they similar to you and your partner or were they a little bit different? So this is an example here of Aisha's work and she created a timeline.

So she's asking here, "Is your timeline similar or different to mine?" So if you completed a timeline, let's have a look at this a little bit closely to see if it's similar or different to Aisha's.

So Aisha's started at birth and then she's looked at learning to focus their eyes, then starting to reach out.

Then a little bit later on is beginning to roll over, and we looked at that a little bit earlier on and having a little bit of tummy time.

And then at six months, she's put sitting up.

And then just after six months, there's teeth pushing through gums. And then over a little bit more time, she's learning how to stand.

And we get to the year, we often talk or go into your first steps.

So Aisha here has spread out some of the different changes and developments that happen from birth to the first year of a baby being born.

If you did a timeline, does yours it similar? Or is it a little bit different? Have a look.

Great job, a timeline is often quite tricky to do.

It's lots of things to think about.

But well done for having a good go.

So we've come towards the end of today's lesson.

So our lesson today was about changes in humans before and after birth.

So let's go over some of the summary key points.

Humans are mammals.

They grow and develop inside the mother's womb for nine months until they are born.

When human babies are born, they cannot survive by themselves.

So at that point when babies are born, they need a lot of help and support from adults around them.

Until they are six months old, babies only drink milk.

And after that they may move on to different textures and exploring different textures as that's where they get some more nutrients from.

Humans are considered as babies up to 12 months of age and we said that that's one year.

As they learn to focus their vision, explore, and reach out.

So as babies develop, they discover different parts of their body and what they can do with them.

The stages of human development as a baby can be recorded in different ways.

So we saw earlier in the video, that Aisha used a timeline.

You may have done a poster, you may have put pictures on a washing line, like earlier in the example, or you may have created a video to explain your understanding of human development.

So there's lots of different ways that you can record your understanding and show us how much you know.

So we are now at the end of the lesson and I want to say I'm so impressed with all of your work today.

There's been a few tricky tasks and a few challenging questions, but you've all gave it a really fantastic go and I'm really impressed.

So well done for today.

I hope you have a great rest of the day and I'm sure I'll see you very soon in the next video.

Bye-bye.