Hi everyone.

My name is Ms. Pochciol and I'm so excited and glad you decided to join me on this next science lesson.

So our lesson today is going to be focusing on changing state, and we're going to be focusing on a liquid changing into a gas.

Now this lesson is part of our bigger unit of learning on states of matter and changing states.

We're going to be looking at lots of different examples today to help you understand the changes from liquid to gas.

Now we've got lots of learning to do today, so let's get started.

So the outcome for our lesson today is, I can observe water change from the liquid state to the gas state.

So our lesson today is focusing on that change between liquid and gas.

So here are some keywords that we're going to look at in our lesson today.

So we've got liquid, state, gas, water vapour, and evaporation.

What I'd like you to do is pause the video here and take it in turns with your partner to read out the definition of each of the keywords.

Once you've finished reading them, I'd like you to press play and we'll continue with the lesson.

Off you go.

Brilliant work everybody, well done.

So we're going to be coming across all of these words in our lesson today.

So our lesson today is split up into two parts.

We're first going to learn about water in liquid and gas states, and then we're going to move on to evaporation.

So let's get started with the first part of our lesson today.

So before school, Jacob played in a puddle on the playground and we can see Jacob's puddle there.

Jacob says, when I came out at break time, the puddle was smaller.

By the end of the day, it had disappeared altogether.

What had happened? So pause the video here, have a little thinking time on your own in your head.

What has happened to Jacob's puddle? Because he played in the puddle on the playground.

When he came out at break time, it was smaller, and at the end of the day it had all disappeared.

What had happened? Brilliant ideas everybody, well done.

So Jacob says, I think the puddle had drained into the playground, and Aisha says, I think the puddle had flowed away onto the grass.

What do you think happened? Do you agree with Jacob and what he has said? Do you agree with Aisha and what she has said or do you think something a little bit different? Super ideas everybody, well done.

So water in the liquid state can change into water in the gas state, and this is what happened to Jacob's puddle.

The water that was in the puddle we can see here is in liquid state.

We've got a large puddle, and changed into a gas and spread out into the air around it.

So we can see that the puddle got smaller and the water was then in a gas state.

And then by the end of the day, there was actually no puddle left.

So this is what happened to Jacob's puddle.

Jacob said, when liquid water changes to the solid state, we call the solid state ice.

But what do we call water in the gas state? Do you know? Pause the video here, have a little think in your head on your own, and then share your idea with your partner and then share your idea with the rest of the group.

What do we call water in the gas state? Have a little think.

Excellent, well done everybody.

Water in the gas state is called water vapour.

Can you say that for me? Excellent, well done everyone.

So water in the gas state is called water vapour, and that's a key part of our lesson today.

Let's do a check of our learning.

Water in the gas state is known as, A, airy water.

B, water flow.

C, water vapour.

Or D, water gas.

What do we think is the correct answer? Excellent, the answer is C, water vapour.

So this is a key fact for our lesson today that water in the gas state is known as water vapour.

Super job everybody, well done.

Aisha says, I don't think I've ever seen or felt a gas.

And Jacob says, I can't remember the properties of gases.

Can you remember the properties of gases? Pause the video here and I'd like you to write down as many things and properties you can remember of gases.

Once you've written them down, I want you to share them with your partner.

Did you get similar ideas or did you get some different ones? Click play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent work everybody, well done.

I can see you've tried really hard to remember your knowledge of properties of gases.

So gases can actually be quite tricky to understand because they're often invisible to the human eye, which means we can't really see gases, which means that sometimes it could be tricky to understand gases.

The air around us is a mixture of gases that we can feel by moving our arms around.

So put your hand up for me and then move it quickly to left and right and you'll be able to feel the air and the gases around you.

Gases can flow, even though we usually do not see them.

They will spread out to fill the container they are in and take the shape of the whole container.

If their container is not sealed, gases can escape and spread out so they don't have a fixed shape or volume.

As a gas, water can flow, has no fixed volume, and takes the shape of the whole of its container.

Water vapour is an invisible gas, so invisible means we cannot see it.

So water vapour cannot be seen, we can't see it and we cannot feel it.

We can represent it by showing a picture of a gas cloud.

So for example, if you're drawing a diagram and you want to include water vapour, an idea of how you can represent that is a gas cloud, just like this one on the board.

Let's do a check of our learning.

Which of these are true about water in the gas state? A, it has no fixed volume.

B, it is visible.

C, it takes the shape of the whole container.

D, it is escapes from an unsealed container.

So which of these are true about water in the gas state? So pause the video here and have a little think about this question.

If you need to, go back over the last few slides just to go over the learning before you complete the question.

Click play when you're ready to continue and we'll go through the answers.

Excellent effort everybody, well done.

So A, it has no fixed volume.

C, it takes the shape of the whole container.

And D, it escapes from an unsealed container.

Now, B says it is visible and we know that that is not true about water in the gas states because we know that a water vapour is invisible, means we cannot see it or cannot feel it.

Well done everyone.

So let's move on to the first task.

So I would like you to use the descriptions and the images to complete the table on the next slide.

So what I'm going to do is read through the different descriptions and then I'll talk you through the table on the next slide.

So we've got known as water vapour, known as ice, known as water, can't flow, can flow, can flow.

Has a fixed volume, has a fixed volume, has no fixed volume, has a fixed shape except when a force is applied.

Take the shape of the whole of its container, takes the shape of the bottom of its container.

And we've got the images here, we've got three images.

So this is the table that I would like you to use.

So if you'd like to, you can ask an adult to print this table out for you or you can draw your own one.

It's completely up to you.

So use the descriptions and the images on the slide we've just gone through to complete the table.

If you need to, as I said, you can print out this slide and the slide before or you can write down your own and draw your own table.

So pause the video here and have a go at this task.

If you need to, go back over the last couple of slides or even some other lessons that we've completed on solids, liquids, and gases to go over the learning before completing this task.

Click play when you're ready to continue and we'll go through the answers.

Off you go.

Fantastic work everybody, well done.

I can see you've worked really, really hard to draw on your knowledge of solids, liquids, and gases.

So we're now going to go through the answers.

So in the solid state water, it would be known as ice, can't flow, has a fixed volume, and has a fixed shape except when a force is applied.

For the liquid state water, we've got known as water, can flow, has a fixed volume, and takes the shape of the bottom of its container.

And we've got gas state water, known as water vapour, can flow, has no fixed volume, and takes the shape of the whole of its container.

Now a huge well done to all of you 'cause I know there was quite a lot of writing in this task, but also you had to remember lots of key information.

So super well done to everybody.

So we've come towards the end of the first part of our lesson where we've been learning about water in liquid and gas states, and we're now going to move on to something called evaporation.

Now, some of you might already know a little bit about evaporation, but some of you might not be so sure, but don't worry 'cause we are going to learn all about it right now.

So Jacob says, when liquid water changes to solid water, ice, we call the process freezing.

And Aisha says, when solid water, ice, changes to liquid water, we call the process melting.

But what do we call the process when liquid water changes into the gas state? What do you think? Have a little think in your head.

Brilliant, the answer is evaporation.

So the process in which a material in the liquid state changes to the gas state is called evaporation.

Can you say that for me? Brilliant, well done everyone.

So we say that liquid water evaporates when it changes into the gas state.

And evaporation can happen indoors and outside.

An example of evaporation happening indoors is when you've washed dishes, for example, and when you first wash them, they're gonna have water on them, but maybe you leave them for an hour or two, you come back and they're completely dry.

Jacob says, is water the only material that can evaporate? What do you think? Pause the video here and discuss with your talk partner.

Is water the only material that can evaporate or can you give me some examples of other materials that evaporate too? Brilliant thinking everybody, well done.

So all liquids can evaporate, but some do so more easily than others.

So cooking oil, perfume, and cleaning products all evaporate.

For example, when you spray perfume, maybe in the morning it might be a little bit wet on your skin, but then actually over a time the liquid evaporates and it is not wet anymore.

Did you get those examples or did you get some different ones? Super job everybody, well done.

So even though water vapour is invisible, it can be observed changing from a liquid state to a gas state.

But how could you do this? So if we need to show how water is changing from a liquid state to a gas state, how do we think that we could show this? Have a think with your talk partner.

Excellent.

So Jacob says we could measure the size of a puddle and see if it gets smaller.

For example, here, we could have a puddle in the morning and if we draw a chalk lining mark around the original puddle, and at the end of the day if we have a look, then the puddle will be smaller than it was in the morning.

Aisha has given us another example.

She has said we could leave a beaker of water on a table and measure how much the water goes down each day.

For example, you'd notice the beaker of water on day one and the beaker of water on day two, there'd be less water.

Some of the water has evaporated.

Do you have any other ideas? So we've got two examples here.

The first one was about the puddle and drawing chalk around the puddle in the morning and looking at it later on in the day.

And Aisha's example here is looking at a beaker of water.

So did you come up with any different ideas or were they similar to these ones? But well done for having a good go, everybody.

Well done.

So evaporation can occur at lower temperatures.

However, it happens more quickly if a liquid is heated.

So water can be heated by the sun, on a cooker, or in a kettle.

And if water is heated to 100 degrees Celsius, it changes from liquid state to gas state all at the same time, and we call this boiling.

And we can see an image here of water heating in a kettle.

Because evaporation happens more quickly when water is heated, puddles dry up more quickly on the warm sunny days than on cold days.

So let's have a look at this diagram on the screen here to help us understand that a little bit better.

So the change in puddle size on a cold day, we can see that actually some of the water has evaporated as the puddle is a little bit smaller, but it is still quite large.

And if we compare that to the change in puddle size on a warmer day, we can tell that actually a lot more of the water has evaporated.

So we can see here that evaporation does happen more quickly when the water is heated.

Let's do a check of our learning.

What happens to a material during evaporation? Is it A, it changes from liquid state to solid state? B, it changes from solid state to liquid state.

C, it changes from liquid state to gas state.

Or D, it changes from gas state to liquid state.

So think back to the learning we've done for this part of the lesson.

What happens to a material during evaporation? What do you think is the answer A, B, C, or D? Super work, the answer is C.

So evaporation is it changes from liquid state to gas state.

Let's do another check of our learning.

Why is observing water in gas state difficult? Is it A, water in gas state is invisible? Water in liquid state is invisible for B.

Or C, water in gas state is very hot, so you cannot touch it.

Which do you think is the correct answer, A, B, or C? Brilliant work everyone, the answer is A.

So water in gas state is invisible.

That's why we said it's quite tricky to actually understand water in gas state.

It's because we cannot see it.

Well done everyone.

Let's do a check of our learning.

To change the state of a liquid to a gas, what needs to be changed? A, its name.

B, its container.

Or C, its temperature.

Which do you think is the correct answer? Brilliant, the answer is C, its temperature.

So its temperature needs to change.

So let's go on to the next task.

So I would like you to demonstrate and observe evaporation.

Choose your own method and record your observations.

I'd like you to explain what has happened to the liquid water using the word evaporate.

And I'd like you to add a photograph or diagram to support your explanation.

So we've gone through some examples, the puddle example and the beaker example in today's lesson.

You can use those to help you or you can come up with your own demonstration to explain evaporation.

So pause the video here and have a go at the task.

You might like to work in partners for this and with your explanation, you might want to do a poster, you might want to write a paragraph, or you might want to create a video of you and your partner recording and talking about evaporation.

Off you go and I can't wait to see your final results.

Off you go everyone.

Brilliant work everybody, well done.

I can see you've worked really hard to include keywords in your work, but also you've worked really hard to make sure your demonstration is really clear.

Fantastic job, everyone.

So this is an example.

In this group here, they've left a dish of water showing the current water level and the original line.

So this group have written, we left a shallow dish of water on the sunny window sill.

We marked the water level at the beginning of the demonstration and then made observations the next day, 24 hours later.

The level of the liquid water had gone down because some of it had evaporated into the air.

So this example here, they used a shallow dish of water on a window sill and measured the level of water after 24 hours.

Did you do something similar or did you use one of the other examples that we looked at in the lesson? Well done by having a good go at this task, everybody.

And I can see you've worked really hard to use the word evaporate in your explanation as well.

So I'm so impressed with your learning.

Well done everyone.

So we've come towards the end of our lesson now.

So let's do a summary of our learning.

Water in the liquid state can change into water in the gas state, which is called water vapour.

In gas state water is invisible, can flow, has no fixed volume, and takes the shape of the whole of its container.

The process in which a liquid changes to a gas is called evaporation.

Water can be observed changing from a liquid to a gas, and we can change the state of a liquid to a gas by changing its temperature.

So our lesson today has been focusing on the change between liquid to gas and we've learned that water in the gas state is called water vapour.

And we've said that it's quite difficult to understand the concept of water vapour because it is invisible.

So that means we cannot see it, but also we cannot touch it either.

Now I'm so impressed with all of your learning today.

You've had such a fantastic go at all of the tasks and you've really engaged with all of the lessons and all of the questions that I've asked.

I hope you have a great rest of the day and I'm sure I'll see you really soon in the next science lesson.

Bye-bye.