Materials can exist in three common states of matter: solid, liquid and gas.

A solid has a fixed shape and volume but some solids can change shape when a force is applied.

A liquid can flow, has a fixed volume and takes the shape of the bottom its container.

To freeze is to change from a liquid state to a solid state.

Changing state: liquid to solid

Science

In this Introduction to states of matter and changing states unit, pupils learn that some materials change state when they are heated or cooled. In the Properties, changes and separating materials unit, they will build on this knowledge to learn that dissolving, mixing and changes of state are reversible changes

In the Everyday materials unit, pupils learnt to compare and group together a variety of everyday materials on the basis of their simple physical properties. In this Introduction to states of matter and changing states unit, pupils will build on this knowledge to compare and group materials together according to whether they are solids, liquids or gases

This unit explores the properties of solids, liquids, and gases, and how materials change state when heated or cooled. It covers evaporation, condensation, and the water cycle, with a focus on practical enquiries, careful observations, accurate measurements, and presenting findings.

Introduction to states of matter and changing states

Physical activity and equipment requiring safe use

We can change the state of a liquid to a solid by decreasing its {{}}. 

We can use a thermometer to measure the __________ of a room.

What state is water in at room temperature? 

Different materials can be observed changing from liquid to solid when {{}}. 

If you cool down water in the liquid state, what state does it become?

{{}} is the name of the process where liquid water changes to solid water (ice).  

The three common __________ are solid, liquid and gas. 

Match the common name used for water to its state of matter.

The process of a solid changing to a liquid is called {{}}. 

Which of the following needs to change for solid water (ice) to melt?

Which of the following would you use to measure temperature?

At what temperature does water change from a solid (ice) to a liquid? 
{{}} °C. 

Content guidance

Risk assessment required - equipment

Adult supervision required

Introduction

What will you need for this lesson?

Are you ready to learn?

Equipment

Content guidance

Supervision

Worksheet