<v Mr. Loudon>Hello and welcome to today's lesson from the unit, "Introduction to Food Chains".

This lesson is called "Comparing Food Chains".

By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to compare the food chains that you've created with other food chains.

Hello, my name's Mr. Loudon and I can't wait to learn science with you today.

I know if you concentrate and work hard, you are going to be amazing learning superstars.

So let's get started.

Before we start the lesson, let's have a look at some of the keywords.

Food chain.

Plant.

Animal Compare.

Do you know what any of these words mean? Have you heard them before? See whether you can use them in a sentence.

This lesson is split into two parts.

The first part of the lesson is called "Different food chains".

The second part of the lesson is called "Comparing food chains".

Let's have a look at the first part of the lesson now.

A food chain shows us the order in which living things depend on each other for food.

And we've got a food chain here.

It starts with a plant and then a rabbit and then a barn owl.

This food chain shows us that the plant is food for the rabbit.

But I wonder if you can work out what's the rabbit food for? Have a think.

Plants are food for lots of different animals, and so they appear in lots of different food chains.

This food chain shows us that a plant is food for a caterpillar and a caterpillar is food for a blackbird.

But what if we change the food chain a bit? What would the food chain look like if a dandelion was food for the caterpillar? Have a think.

Look, the food chain has changed again.

This time, the beetle has replaced the blackbird.

So now we've got a food chain that looks like this.

The dandelion is eaten by the caterpillar and the caterpillar is eaten by the beetle.

Sofia says that beetles and blackbirds can both eat caterpillars, and plants and animals can be part of many different food chains, not just one.

Let's check your understanding now.

True or false? A food chain shows the order in which plants and animals depend on each other for food.

Is that true or false? Stop the video and have a think.

Did you get it? Let's go through some answers now.

A food chain that shows the order in which plants and animals depend on each other for food.

That's true, and you might be able to give a reason why that's true.

Maybe you think this because, A, food chains show how living things depend on each other for food or maybe B, food chains show that animals are more important than plants.

What do you think? Stop the video and have a think.

So we covered that a food chain shows the order in which plants and animals depend on each other for food, and we said that's true.

But why is it true? Well, it's true because food chains show how living things depend on each other for food.

Great work, scientists.

Let's have a go at another true or false question now.

Plants and animals only appear in one food chain.

Is that true or false? Stop the video and have a think.

Shall we have a look at the answer? Plants and animals only appear in one food chain.

That's false.

And let's think of a reason why it might be false.

Is it because A, all animals only eat one type of plant, or B, animals eat different foods, so can be in different food chains? Stop the video and have a think.

Well, we decided earlier that it was false that plants and animals only appear in one food chain.

And you might have thought that because animals eat different foods, so can be in different food chains.

Well done, scientists.

Let's look at another question now.

Alex and Jun are creating their own food chains.

Alex says, "In my food chain, the seaweed is food for the crab.

Living things can be in lots of different food chains, so we can both use seaweed in our food chains." But Jun says, "I have used seaweed in my food chain and it is food for a starfish, so you can't use it in your food chain." Who do you agree with? Why do you think that? Stop the video and think carefully.

What have we learned about so far this lesson and who do you agree with? Let's look at a possible answer now.

We were thinking about who we agreed with.

Alex or Jun? Alex says, "In my food chain, the seaweed is food for the crab and the crab is food for a shark.

Living things can be in lots of different food chains.

So we can both use seaweed in our food chains." While Alex is correct, plants and animals can be part of lots of different food chains.

Plants are food for lots of different animals and are part of lots of different food chains.

Animals eat lots of different foods and are part of different food chains too.

Well done, scientists.

Let's move on to task A now.

Think about what these animals eat in their food chains.

Which is the odd one out and why? Fox, barn owl, badger.

There are many different answers to this task, so share what you think and why with a partner.

Good luck, scientists.

Let's go through some answers now.

Think about what these animals eat in their food chains.

Which is the odd one out and why? We said there were lots of different answers to this question.

So let's have a look at some possibilities.

Aisha says, "I think that the badger is the odd one out because the fox and the barn owl both eat other animals." Izzy says, "I think that the barn owl is the odd one out because the fox and the badger both eat plants." And Sofia says, "I think that the fox is the odd one out because it is the only one that eats plants and animals." Who do you agree with? Were your answers similar? Alex and his mum looked on the internet to find information about squirrels.

This is what they searched.

What do squirrels eat? And they found out this.

Squirrels eat nuts, seeds, fruit, grains and vegetables.

They also searched what animals eat squirrels, and they found out foxes, magpies, owls and weasels eat squirrels.

Use Alex's information to complete two different food chains for a squirrel.

So let's look at the first food chain.

We've got something is food for the squirrel and the squirrel is food for something else, and then the same food chain is repeated underneath.

So what you need to do is you need to think of how to complete these food chains in different ways so that they make sense.

Have a think.

Can you use Alex's research to help you? Good luck, scientists.

Let's look at some answers now.

Complete two different food chains for a squirrel.

Well, this is the first food chain.

We've got an acorn.

It's food for the squirrel and the squirrel is food for the fox.

Then we've got another food chain.

Sunflower seeds are food for the squirrel and the squirrel is food for a weasel.

Alex says, "Are your food chains the same or different to mine?" Did you get the same as Alex or were your answers slightly different? Compare your answers to the ones that we've got on the screen.

Great work, scientists.

Let's go onto the second part of the lesson now, "Comparing food chains".

When scientists compare things, they think about two questions.

What's different and what's the same? We can work like scientists to do the same thing to find out what's different and what's the same about different food chains.

There are lots of different types of food chains.

Here's two examples on the board.

I wonder if you can help me with them.

The first food chain shows a plant is food for a caterpillar, and the caterpillar is food for a blackbird.

The second food chain shows a carrot is food for a rabbit, and the rabbit is food for a fox.

We can compare different food chains.

Some food chains contain the same animal or plant.

So here's two food chains.

The first food chain shows that an acorn is food for a squirrel and a squirrel is food for a fox.

And the second food chain shows sunflower seeds are food for a squirrel and a squirrel is food for a weasel.

Sam says, "One thing that is the same is the squirrel in both food chains." Can you notice something that's different? So have a look at the food chains now.

We've said squirrels are the same in both, but what's different about the food chains? Stop the video and tell a partner.

Some food chains contain different animals and plants.

So let's look at these two food chains.

The first one shows leaves are food for a giraffe and a giraffe is food for a lion.

The second food chain shows grass is food for a caterpillar and a caterpillar is food for a blackbird.

Sam says, "All of the plants and animals in these food chains are different." Look, there's nothing the same about both of them.

They have completely different plants and animals in.

Let's stop and check your understanding now.

Which two questions do scientists ask when they compare? A, what is a plant? What is an animal? B, what eats this plant? What eats this animal? C, what is the same? What is different? Have a think.

Pause the video now and see whether you can think of which two questions scientists ask when they compare things.

Let's go through the answer now.

Which two questions do scientists ask when they compare? C, what is the same, what is different? Did you get it? Great work, scientists.

Let's look at another question now.

Compare these two food chains.

What is the same and what is different? So the first food chain has grass, which is food for a rabbit and a rabbit, which is food for a barn owl.

The second food chain has grass, which is food for a rabbit and a rabbit, which is food for a fox.

I wonder, can you think of something that's the same about both of the food chains and something that's different about both of the food chains? Stop the video now.

Have a think and tell a partner.

Good luck, scientists.

Did you get it? Let's have a look at some answers now.

What was the same and what was different about each of the food chains? Laura says, "The rabbit is in both of the food chains." Lucas says, "The grass is food for the rabbit in both of the food chains".

Andeep says, "The rabbit can be food for that owl or the fox, which are different animals." Did you come up with some similar answers? Well done, scientists.

Let's look at task B now.

Compare these two food chains.

Talk to a partner about what you notice.

So the first food chain starts with an acorn, which is food for the squirrel, which is food for the fox, and the second food chain has sunflower seeds, which are food for the squirrel, which is food for the weasel.

Alex says, "Remember to ask what is the same and what is different." What I want you to do is pause the video now and have a think.

What are the similarities and differences between these two food chains? Good luck, scientists.

Did you get it? Let's have a look at some answers now.

Compare the two food chains.

Jun says, "There were squirrels in both of the food chains." Izzy says, "A squirrel can be food for a weasel or a fox, which are different animals." Sofia says, "The squirrel eats acorns and sunflower seeds, which are from different plants." Did you spot any other similarities or differences? Great work, scientists.

Let's look at the second part of task B now.

Jun read a book and found out that crabs like to eat seaweed, leaves and algae.

He also found out animals that eat crabs are turtles, jellyfish, and sharks.

I wonder if you could use Jun's information to create your own food chain for a crab.

Think about what the crab eats and what eats the crab.

Can you show that in a food chain? Pause the video now and have a go.

Good luck, scientists.

How did you get on? Did you enjoy making those food chains? Let's have a look at what Jun did.

Jun used his information to create a food chain.

Compare Jun's food chain to your food chain.

Is it the same or is it different? This is how Jun's food chain goes.

He starts off with seaweed, which is food for the crab and the crab is food for a shark.

What's the same? What's different? Did you have different food for the crab to eat? Or were your crabs eaten by a different animal? Talk to a partner.

What was the same and what was different? These are some things you might have come up with.

Compare Jun's food chain to your food chain.

Aisha says, "My food chain is different because it starts with algae.

Algae is a plant that crabs eat." Andeep says, "My food chain is different because I have used a jellyfish and not a shark.

Jellyfish and sharks both eat crabs." Jacob says, "I have put a crab in my food chain, which is the same as the crab in your food chain." What did you put? Let's go over what we learned in today's lesson.

A food chain shows the order in which living things depend on each other for food.

Different plants and animals can be in different food chains.

When we compare things, we look to see what is the same and what is different.

Now would be a great time to go back to those keywords and have a look at them again.

Do you think you can use them in a sentence? You've done so well today, scientists.

Well done.