Hello, my name's Mrs. Hopper and I'm looking forward to working with you in this lesson on personal finance.

We're going to be thinking about lots of different aspects around money, where money comes from, what money is spent on, how things are funded, and how the government raises money as well.

So if you're ready to make a start and to have some interesting discussions about how we make and how we spend our money, let's get going.

In this lesson, we're going to consider some cultural and moral perspectives around money and finance.

And by the end of the lesson, I hope that we'll know that different cultures have different attitudes to money.

So let's make a start.

We've got some keywords, attitudes, charity, greed, kindness, and moral.

I'm sure they are words you'll be familiar with, but let's just rehearse them before we work out what they mean and how they're going to relate to our lesson today.

So I'll take my turn, then it'll be your turn.

My turn, attitudes.

Your turn.

My turn, charity.

Your turn.

My turn, greed.

Your turn.

My turn, kindness.

Your turn.

My turn, moral.

Your turn.

As I say, I'm sure you're familiar with those words, but let's just look at their meanings and how we're going to be using them in today's lesson.

So attitudes are the way that people think and feel about things.

A charity is an organisation that helps people or animals in need.

Greed is wanting more wealth or possessions than are needed.

Kindness means caring about others and being generous.

And moral means behaving in a way that is right and fair.

And a lot of those things are quite personal to us as well, but also to the culture that we come from and the way that we in our homes live our lives.

There are two parts to our lesson.

In the first part, we're going to be looking about traditions around money, and in the second part, thinking about what is important to you.

So let's make a start on part one and look at some traditions around money.

And we've got Alex, Jacob, Sofia, and Aisha in our lesson with us today.

Jacob is given a new wallet by his uncle.

"I really like penguins," he says.

"And my uncle even included a five pound note inside." Sofia says, "that's kind of him." Aisha says, "in Greece, it's traditional to give some money in a gift like a wallet." Alex says, "some people believe including money will bring good luck and even more money." It's funny, there are lots of strange traditions around the world, isn't there? But I don't mind one that if I get a new wallet or a money box, that the person who gives it to me might put some money inside it for me as well.

That would be very kind.

Jacob thinks about other traditions involving money.

"During Chinese New Year, children are given money." "It comes in a red envelope," says Sofia.

"Red is a lucky colour in China." "And red envelopes of money are also given on birthdays and at weddings and not just to children." Jacob thinks of a tradition from the UK.

"In the UK on Christmas day, it's traditional to hide money somewhere." "Here's a clue," says Sofia.

It's hidden in food.

Do you know what the tradition is? Pause the video.

Have a think.

And when you are ready for some feedback, press play.

I wonder if this is a tradition you've come across.

"Some people hide coins in a Christmas pudding." So there's a tradition of baking money into the Christmas pudding.

If you know somebody has, take care when you're eating it, won't you? "It's supposed to bring good luck.

And this tradition has been around for hundreds of years." I wonder if there are other traditions from other cultures and countries that involve putting money inside things.

Jacob investigates different religious attitudes to money.

He says, "Christians think that they should help others if they are able to." "Many Christians give money to charity." "Or they might give their time to help other people." "And some give 10% of what they earn to their church, and it's called a tithe." Jacob also looks at the Muslim faith.

He says, "Muslims believe that wealth is a gift from God and should be shared." "The five pillars help Muslims to live a good life." "Almsgiving is the third pillar of Islam." Almsgiving, giving alms, is giving help or giving money to those who are more in need than we are.

Muslims believe in giving 2.

5% of their wealth to their mosque, and it's used to help other people.

Jacob's also looked at Judaism, the Jewish religion.

He says, "many Jews believe it's not good to be too wealthy.

This can make people greedy." Sofia says, "they believe it's important to be generous." "Tzedakah is very important to Jews." "It means giving money to charity or giving time to help other people through volunteering." And Jacob's also thought about the Hindu religion as well.

"Hindus believe it is important to share your wealth.

Money should be earned honestly." "Wealth is important for living a good life and helping others." "Hindus also believe in reincarnation." The fact that once you have died, you will be born again in another form.

Alex says, "good actions in this life will mean an even better life the next time around." So living your life well and helping others is an important part of the Hindu belief.

Time to have a reflection on that.

Jacob wonders what the religions have in common around their thinking about money.

What ideas do they all share? Pause the video.

Maybe have a look back over those last slides and try to find some of the things that these religions have in common about their beliefs around money.

When you're ready for some feedback, press play.

What did you come up with? Sofia said that, "all of those religions believe that not everyone will have the same amount of wealth." "And there's a belief in all of them that if you can, you should share your wealth with others." "And that you could give money to charity or to your place of worship or to give up some time instead to help others." So that idea of helping people and sharing the wealth that we have to make sure that everybody has the things that they need is common to a lot of religions.

But there are different beliefs and we must be sensitive to the beliefs that those people around us have around money and other aspects of our lives.

Time for you to do some practise.

We've got some questions for you to discuss.

What do you think? So one, is it okay for people to have different amounts of money? Is it okay to spend money on yourself? When and how can we help others? And should we judge people on how much money they have? Discuss each question with some friends.

Listen carefully to their ideas.

Remember, there are no right or wrong answers.

We're talking about things that we believe in here.

Pause the video.

Have a good discussion, and when you're ready for a bit of feedback, press play.

Did you have a good discussion? I hope you did.

I hope you listened carefully to each other and were respectful of people's views and answers.

Here are some possible answers.

When and how can we help others? Let's think about that one.

Sofia says, "we should give away any money we can afford to." Aisha agrees, "I think it's important to give money to charity." Alex says, "it doesn't have to be money.

We could also help other people by giving up our time." All of those are perfectly acceptable answers.

They come from the point of view of the person who gave that answer.

We can listen and learn from others, but we respect other people's views.

And let's look at the second part of our lesson.

What's important to you? Jacob is interested in his friends' opinions.

"Imagine you were each given a 100 pounds.

What would you do with it?" "Oh, that's a lot of money, Jacob," says Sofia.

Aisha says, "I could buy lots with that." Alex says, "am I allowed to spend it all on myself?" Well, we're imagining here, aren't we? I wonder what you'd do with it? Let's see what Sofia would do.

She goes first.

"Here's what I would do," she says.

"I would spend 30 pounds on some new trainers for me.

I'd also spend 15 pounds on a cuddly toy also for me," she says.

"I'd give 10 pounds to a charity helping people to grow food and I'd save the rest," she says.

"It's sensible to save some money," says Jacob.

So she's done some good things there.

She's bought some nice things for herself.

She's given some money to a charity and she's saved some money as well for the future.

Aisha goes next.

"Here's what I would do," she says.

"30 pounds on clothes from a charity shop, 20 pounds on a present for my mum." That's a lovely thought, Aisha.

"I'd give 50 pounds to a charity that provides clean drinking water." That's very kind and generous of you, Aisha.

She's only spent 30 pounds on herself and she went to a charity shop so that she could buy clothes, reuse them, and perhaps save them from becoming waste and rubbish.

Alex goes last.

"Here's what I would do," he says.

"70 pounds on computer games, 30 pounds on trainers." Oh, Jacob says, "will you use any of your money to help others?" "I'll give up some time to do a litter pick," says Alex.

What do you think of Alex's decision? Should he give some money to charity? Pause the video.

Have a think.

And when you're ready for some feedback, press play.

What did you think? Remember it is Alex's money.

Sofia says, "he should definitely be kind and give to charity.

He can do a litter pick at any time." And Aisha says, "it's a moral decision.

Alex can decide what to do with the money." It is his 100 pounds after all.

I wonder what Alex thinks after he's heard what his friends have to say.

He says, "I think that Sophia might have a point." So maybe he's going to change his mind and give some of that money to charity.

Everybody's decision is their own.

And what you would do with your a 100 pounds would be very different from what somebody else would do with theirs.

We mustn't judge each other on what they decide is their right decision.

And we should respect people for the decisions that they make.

So time for you to have a think.

Jacob is interested in your opinions.

"What would you do with 100 pounds? Talk to your friends about your ideas." Think about what you need, what you might want, whether you'll spend anything on friends or family, and whether you will give any money away to charity.

Sofia says, "think about ways to help people that cost nothing as well." So you are gonna pause the video and have a discussion with some friends.

Talk through your ideas and decide how you are going to spend your a 100 pounds.

So pause the video.

When you're ready for some feedback, press play.

Did you have a good discussion? Did you agree on how to spend the money? Well, everybody has their own wants and perhaps their own needs as well.

So we might have differed in lots of areas about spending.

Let's have a look at a possible way we might have spent the money.

You might have said something like this.

"Here's what I'd do," says Jacob.

"25 pounds on some clothes for me.

25 pounds on a couple of footballs.

25 pounds on presents for my family, and I donate 25 pounds to my local food bank charity." That's a really worthy cause, helping people out who may be struggling to find enough to eat.

And Sofia says, "Jacob could also give away some clothes or toys that he doesn't need anymore." That's another way we can help other people, isn't it? If we are buying new clothes, perhaps there are some that we could give to a charity to help other people.

And possibly if you've bought some new toys.

Is there something that you could take to a charity shop or to a charity that collects toys for other people? Always useful to think about what we can do with the things that we don't need or want anymore.

I hope you've enjoyed finding a little bit more about cultural and moral perspectives on money.

There's lots more you could find out.

This is just a starting point.

But I hope what you've learned is that we need to be aware that there are different attitudes towards money and wealth.

We should not judge people for how much or how little money they have, and we should not judge people for how much or little money they decide to give.

Money is very personal to us, personal to perhaps our backgrounds and to our cultures.

And we must respect other people's views.

I hope you've enjoyed beginning to explore this area of personal finance and our attitudes towards money, and I hope I get to work with you again soon.

Bye-bye.