Lesson video

Hello, my name's Ms. Gilyeat, and I'm going to be geography teacher for today.

In today's lesson, we are going to be learning about the opportunities of globalisation, which is the 11th lesson of the globalisation topic.

Let's get going.

So your lesson outcome for today is that you can explain the opportunities associated with globalisation.

We've got four key words for today's lesson.

So the first one is culture, so culture is a way of life, customs and behaviours that a group of people share, quality of life is a measure of how happy, healthy, and comfortable a person is, globalisation is the process of the world becoming more interconnected, and consumers or a consumer is a person who purchases a good or a service.

These key words are highlighted in bold throughout our lesson.

Okay, we've got two learning cycles.

So first of all, we're gonna learn about how globalisation can improve people's lives, such as you and me.

And then we're gonna learn about how globalisation can be good for business, okay? So let's get going, the first learning cycle of how it can improve people's lives.

Now, globalisation is the process of the world becoming more interconnected, okay? So that means that we are becoming more connected with the rest of the world, and the rest of the world is becoming more connected with us.

Now, I want you to think, can you think of any ways that you are connected to people, places, or things from around the world? So any way that might be.

Have a quick chat with the person that you are sat next to.

Now, globalisation has meant that people are exposed to fashion, food, music, and culture from all around the world, and this happens in lots of different ways, okay? Now I want you to now think about the question I just asked you earlier.

So how were you connected to different things around the world? So you might have thought of, for example, that you have a family member that lives in a different country, or you really might like a food that comes from a different country.

Now, I want you to think about how you have seen different cultures from around the world.

How have you actually seen that, okay? So it might be worth you pausing the video and having a quick chat with your partner.

Now, there are four main ways that culture has spread, okay? So these are global media, so this could be from social media such as Facebook or Instagram or news channels, TV shows, films, loads of different ways that we can see things from all around the world.

Immigration, so when people move from one country to another, they bring their culture and ideas with them.

So for example, if someone moved from a country and then opened a new restaurant in their new country, then they have brought that kind of food culture with them so other people can experience that.

Tourism, so people going on holiday, so if you've gone on holiday to a different country of the world, you've experienced their culture.

And TNCs are transnational corporations, okay? So these are global companies which operate in different countries of the world.

Now, this has improved people's lives in many ways, as we can experience a variety of food, music, fashion, and cultures from different countries, okay? So for example, for me, my favourite type of food is pizza, okay? Now a pizza is from Italy, it's an Italian type of food.

So I'm experiencing, and I've been lucky enough to experience pizzas because of that spreading of food, okay? Now I want you to have a think.

What music or food do you enjoy from a different country around the world? Again, you could pause the video and have a quick chat with your partner.

Okay, we've got two examples from Andeep and Izzy.

So what does Izzy say? So, "My favourite type of food is Thai.

There is an amazing Thai restaurant really close to my house." Hmm, sounds lovely.

Okay, and Andeep, "My favourite band is Green Day, who are an American band.

I listen to them on Spotify most evenings." Okay, so great answer there, Andeep.

Now actually, what Andeep has also done there is given an example of a TNC.

So Spotify is a company or a music company which operates in different countries around the world.

So not only is he listening to an American band, but he's using a business which operates in lots of different countries.

Okay, let's check our understanding.

So globalisation leads people to experience more diverse, and then I'd like you to tick all that apply.

So pause the video and which ones apply to this sentence.

Okay, so the answer is fashion, absolutely, music, absolutely food, yes, but not soil, okay? Globalisation doesn't lead us to experiencing more diverse soil.

Now, in the past, globalisation has led to spreading of ideas and technology, okay? So it's not just physical things that are spreading, but people's thoughts and processes and also technology available is spreading as well.

Now, for example, traffic lights were first introduced in London in 1868, so quite a long time ago.

Now, over time, the idea spread through trade, communication and travel and then, well, it first spread to the US, who started using them in the 1900s.

But now traffic lights are used all around the world, okay? So when you go to a different, or if you go to a different country or the world and you see a traffic light, you can think, well, that idea originally came from the UK in London, okay? But now everyone around the world, well, not everyone, but a lot of people experience the benefit of having safer roads.

Now the spreading of ideas and technology has led to an improvement in people's quality of life.

So this is how good their life is.

Now, here are some examples.

So vacuum cleaners, this can mean that people live in cleaner houses, vaccinations, people are less likely to become ill, Zoom and FaceTime, people can communicate easier, okay? And contact lenses improve people's visions.

So these are ideas, okay? Which started in one country, but the spreading of them has meant that more people can experience the benefit of that piece of idea or that technology, okay? And therefore, the more and more people's quality of life improves due to the spread of it.

Now, we'll look at contact lenses in a little bit more detail.

So contact lenses were first thought of by Leonardo da Vinci in the 1500s, okay? Now that idea spread and scientists from all around the world develop the idea to the modern day contact lens that we see today, okay? So now contact lenses are used by hundreds of millions of people from all around the world, okay? So that's a really interesting example there.

Let's check our understanding.

So true or false, globalisation can improve people's quality of life? That is of course true.

So can you tell me why? It is meant that people's idea and technology are more easily spread.

For example, millions of people around the world use contact lenses.

This has improved people's vision, well done.

Okay, so we're gonna set off with first task here.

Now your job is, I would like you to read the account of Laura's day and underline or highlight any evidence of globalisation.

If you do that really quickly, you could have a go at the suggested extension there, which is to write an account of your day and highlight evidence of globalisation, okay? So pause the video and have a go at this first task.

Okay, for task two, what I'd like to do is choose a piece of technology which improves your quality of life.

So you might want to think about from when you got up in the morning to when you go bed at night, what technology do you use in that day, which really improves your life, okay? Then for question 2b, I'd like you to explain how it improves the quality of your life.

And for question 2c, research where and when the technology was invented, okay? It'll be interesting to share your ideas across the class once you've all completed this activity.

Okay, so let's have a look over Laura's day, first of all.

So, "I woke up to my alarm clock, which was playing Taylor Swift, my favourite singer." So Taylor Swift is an American artist.

So that's a first example of globalisation.

"I had breakfast and walked to school with my friend Elliott, who has just moved here from France." Another example of immigration.

"We practised French on our way to school," okay? Laura's learning another language there from a different country of the world.

"School was interesting.

We learned about different religions." Education again, is an example of how globalisation can spread because she learn about different people's beliefs, cultures, ethos from all around the world.

"And when I got home, I did some online shopping and bought myself a pair of jeans from Vinted," an example of a transnational corporation.

And Laura is using the internet there to utilise that.

"This evening we have pizzas from the local Italian restaurant, as it was my brother's birthday." I love pizza too, Laura, okay? Again, there she's experiencing food from a different country.

So well done if you found all that evidence, okay? So if you didn't get all of it, might be worth pausing the video and just underlining any bits that you missed.

Okay, now I've put my example here, but obviously you have probably got a different example to me.

Okay, so my piece of technology was an electric toothbrush.

How it improves the quality of my life, well, using an electric toothbrush means I'm able to clean my better.

This means I am less likely to need fillings or get tooth decay, okay? Keeping my mouth hygiene at topnotch, okay? So the first electric toothbrush was invented in 1954 by Dr.

Philippe Guy-Woog from Switzerland, okay? And that piece of technology has now spread all around the world.

Again, you might have got something totally different, but that's great.

It'd be great to hear around the class what different examples you've got there.

Okay, so we're moving on to our second learning cycle, which is looking at how globalisation can be good for business.

So first of all, before I tell you, how do you think globalisation could be good for a business? Might be worth having a quick chat with the person you are sat next to.

Well, first of all, if a business starts operating in a new country, this means that they can sell more products because they are now operating and selling to more people from all around the world.

And this means that the business can make more money.

Businesses are often able to quickly expand by opening up businesses in different countries.

Now, consumers are likely to welcome new business as they will be able to buy new products, which they might not have been able to before, okay? So for example, if a new food restaurant came in, which was food that someone's not experienced, such as an Ethiopian restaurant, it's gonna be great for those new consumers that live in that area because now they can experience a new type of food which they've not had before.

Now, some companies may move the production, so that's the making of their product, to countries that have lower wages and cheaper production costs.

Now, this can have negative effects, which we'll actually learn about in lesson 12.

However, for this lesson, we are focusing on the benefits of this, okay? So if a company does move its production to a different country and therefore does have to pay the labour force less money and it's cheaper to produce the product, this means that the company increases its profit margins, okay? So the company is able to make more money, okay? So that's the benefit to the business of doing that.

Let's check our understanding.

So how can globalisation be good for business? So why would a company open business in a different country? I'd like you to tick all that apply.

Okay, so to sell to more people and to lower the production costs, not to pay their workers more, okay? Now, when a company starts to sell goods or services in another country, they are known as transnational corporations, okay? Or TNCs is the other word for it, okay? So you might want to have a look at the picture I've got on the slide here.

Can you spot any transnational corporations in the picture? Now, sometimes people call these multinational companies.

Right, we're going to look at an example of a TNC and how globalisation has benefited that company.

So we're gonna look at Gymshark.

So Gymshark started as a small UK business in 2012.

Now the idea of the business that it would sell workout clothes, but just online, so it wouldn't have shops and stores that you would go to on High Street, it would just be an only online company.

Now, in 2016, Gymshark started expanding internationally, okay? So it start to reach consumers in the US, Europe, and Australia.

Now if we have a look at the graph that we've got on the slide here, we can see how the revenue for the company has increased, okay? Over the years, right? So in 2016, this is when Gymshark entered the global market, and from then it's been making hundreds of millions of more pounds, okay? So we can see a big increase in that company's revenue.

Now, globalisation can actually be good for consumers, so that's people that buy the product as well, as they can buy products from all around the world.

So we are benefiting because we are getting a greater variety of goods, okay? So as I said there, this can mean that we have a greater variety of choices from electronics, food, but also services as well.

So we might decide to put our money in a bank that's a bank from a different country, or we might decide to buy an online educational course from a different country.

We're getting a greater variety of things that we can buy, okay? Now, alongside this, sometimes increased competition and lower production costs can also mean that we don't have to pay as much for the product, okay? So for example, if a company did start operating in a different country to produce the goods, and therefore they can produce them cheaper, that might mean that when we buy the goods, they're at a lower price, okay? So it can mean that we are paying less for our products.

Okay, so let's check our understanding.

True or false, globalisation can be good for consumers? The answer is true.

And can you tell me why? Okay, so they can buy a variety of products and often, not always, at a cheaper price.

So well done if you got that correct.

Okay, so we're on to our final task for this lesson.

So the first thing I would like you to do is give two reasons it is good for a business to start operating in a different country.

And the second task, so Jun is going shopping, fill in the speech bubble to explain how Jun benefits from globalisation, okay? So you can pause the video and have a go at those two questions.

Okay, the third question here, I'd like you to use the graph that we've got on the slide here of Gymshark's revenue.

Now you're gonna use this graph to explain how globalisation has been good for Gymshark, okay? So using the graph, explain how it's been good for Gymshark.

Right then, okay, let's have a look at these answers.

So for question one, so two reasons it's good for business.

First of all, they can sell more products, okay? And for second one, they can potentially lower production costs and increase their profit margin.

And what we've put for Jun here, again, you didn't need to write exactly this, but something along these lines.

So, "I benefit from globalisation is when I go shopping, I can buy lots of different items from all around the world." You might have also inputted into that answer that Jun might be able to pay a lower price for some of the products because of increased competition and lower production costs.

So well done if you put that in as well.

Okay, and my answer for this, the graph shows that Gymshark's revenue has increased rapidly.

When Gym Shark started selling products abroad, they had a wide market, and in 2024 their revenue was $1 billion, wow.

Okay, so here we've got a summary for today's lesson, okay? So people are exposed to fashion, food, music, and culture from all around the world, technology and ideas can spread quickly around the world, leading to improvements in people's quality of life, globalisation can be good for business as they can sell products from all around the world, and globalisation can be good for consumers as they can buy products from around the world.

Now, that's it for today's lesson.

Good job, well done, and I'll see you next time, bye.