Hello, my name is Ms. Willow and I'm going to be guiding you through today's learning.

Today's lesson is called "Healthy teeth" and it fits into our unit called "Physical health: what makes a balanced lifestyle?" Okay, let's make a start on today's learning.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to explain the importance of healthy teeth and how to maintain good oral hygiene.

Before we get started, we need to go over some ground rules.

These help to make sure that everyone stays safe and comfortable throughout today's lesson.

First of all, Laura tells us that we need to listen to others.

That means we're not going to interrupt other people if they're speaking.

Jacob says, "No judgement ." That means we're not going to judge other people for what they feel, what they say, what they think, or what they've experienced.

Andeep says we need to respect each other's privacy.

That means we're not going to ask anyone any personal questions, as this can make some people feel uncomfortable.

And finally, Izzy tells us that we can choose our level of participation.

That means it's up to us how much we want to join in.

We're now going to go through the keywords for today's lesson.

These are gonna pop up multiple times throughout the lesson, so it's really important that we have a good understanding of what each word means.

First of all, we have the word incisors.

These are teeth at the front of the mouth that are used for cutting food.

Canines, these are pointed teeth next to incisors that are used for tearing food.

Molars, these are large teeth at the back of the mouth used for grinding food.

Plaque, this is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth and can cause cavities.

And finally, flossing.

This is a method of cleaning between the teeth using a thin thread.

As we go through today's lesson, keep an eye out for these words, and when you spot them, see if you can remember what they mean.

Today's lesson is split into three learning cycles.

The first learning cycle is called "What do different types of teeth do?" The second learning cycle is called "Why is brushing and flossing important?" And our last learning cycle is called "Which foods and habits promote healthy teeth?" Let's make a start on our first learning cycle, "What do different types of teeth do?" Our teeth play an important role in our general health.

They help to break down food when we eat and need to be looked after like any other part of our body.

Different types of teeth have different jobs to do.

Our incisors are the eight teeth at the front of the mouth.

We have four at the top, as you can see in this picture, and four at the bottom.

We need to be able to cut food up before we swallow it so that we can digest it properly.

Our canines are the pointed teeth next to the incisors that are used for tearing food up.

We have four canines in total, two at the top and two at the bottom, as you can see in the circles in the diagram.

Let's do a check for understanding to see what you remember so far.

Which type of tooth is the arrow pointing to? Is it pointing to A, a canine, or B, an incisor? What do you think? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said that B, an incisor, is correct.

In this photo, the arrow is pointing to an incisor.

Can you remember what this type of tooth does? Well done if you said that they cut food up so that we can digest it properly.

We also have molars and premolars.

Molars are at the back of the mouth and are large enough to grind food down.

We have 12 molars in total, three in each quadrant.

Premolars have similarities to both molars and canines.

They are slightly pointed like canines so they can help to tear food up, but they're also large enough to help grind food down like molars.

We have eight premolars in total, two in each quadrant.

All our different types of teeth work together to help us break down food.

It's important to keep them healthy.

In this diagram, you can see the incisors, the canines, the molars, and the premolars.

Let's do another check for understanding to see how you're doing with this learning cycle.

Which type of tooth is the arrow pointing to? Is it A, a molar, or B, a premolar? What do you think? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said that it is a molar.

Can you remember what a molar does? Our molars are able to grind food down when we eat then.

Well done if you said this or something similar.

Okay, we're now moving on to your first practise task.

You're doing a brilliant job so far, so keep it up.

For the first part of this activity, I'd like you to label the diagram with the correct types of teeth.

At the bottom, we have the different types of tooth.

Premolars, canines, molars, and incisors.

Can you complete the diagram so that all the different types of teeth are correctly labelled? Pause the video and we'll go through some feedback in a few minutes.

Okay, let's have a look and see what your labelled diagram should look like.

You should have premolars, incisors, molars, and canines, just as you can see labelled on the screen.

Well done if you put the correct names in the right place.

For the second part of this activity, I'd like you to complete each sentence to show your understanding of the different types of teeth.

You can work with a partner on this or have a think to yourself, and we'll go through the answers in a few minutes.

Okay, let's have a look and see what your completed sentences should look like.

You should have incisors are important because they cut food.

Canines are important because they tear food.

Molars are important because they grind food down.

And premolars are important because they can both tear and grind food down.

Well done if you said this of something similar.

You've focused really well so far.

Let's move on to our second learning cycle, "Why is brushing and flossing important?" To help our teeth to do their jobs properly, we need to look after them by maintaining a good oral hygiene.

Here, Dentist Haru says, "One way that we can look after our teeth is to brush them twice a day, for two minutes each time." We also need to make sure that we spend enough time brushing all the teeth in the mouth.

We can imagine our mouth as four quadrants, which we've talked about in the first learning cycle, and we should spend about 30 seconds brushing each quadrant.

This is the first quadrant, the second, the third, and the fourth.

We should spend about 30 seconds brushing each of these quadrants, so in total we spend two minutes brushing our teeth twice a day.

Let's do a check for understanding to see how you're doing with this learning cycle.

How long should we spend brushing our teeth? Can you remember? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said that we should spend two minutes brushing our teeth, divided into 30 seconds for each quadrant.

Remember, the quadrants are the four different parts of our mouth.

Well done if you said this or something similar.

Brushing our teeth twice a day is important because it helps to get rid of plaque.

Plaque is made up of bacteria, leftover food, and saliva, and it's normal for this to develop on our teeth over time.

However, we need to remove this plaque through brushing because it can cause cavities and bad breath.

Cavities are parts of the teeth that are damaged.

They can lead to holes in the teeth, and if left untreated, this can cause tooth loss.

We can brush our teeth with either a manual toothbrush, as you can see here, or an electric toothbrush.

Both toothbrushes will help to remove plaque, but electric toothbrushes can be more effective when used correctly.

Whichever toothbrush you choose to use, you still need to brush for two minutes twice a day.

Let's do another check for understanding.

Can you remember why is brushing our teeth important? Is it A, to increase plaque; B, to remove plaque; or C, to prevent cavities? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said that B and C are correct.

It is important to brush our teeth so that we can remove plaque and so that we can prevent cavities.

Well done if you got this question correct.

Some people incorrectly think that the more toothpaste you use, the cleaner your teeth will be, but this is not true.

We should only use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste.

Toothpaste contains a substance called fluoride and too much of this can be harmful to our teeth.

Okay, for this check for understanding task, I'd like you to change one word in the sentence to make it correct.

The sentence is, "You should use a peach-sized amount of toothpaste when you brush your teeth." Can you change one of these words to make it correct? Tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you change the word peach to pea.

The correct sentence should be, "You should use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste when you brush your teeth." Remember that we should only use a small amount of toothpaste, as using too much toothpaste can damage our teeth.

If you're not sure how much toothpaste to use, you can always ask a trusted adult to check.

Brushing our teeth does a great job at getting rid of plaque on the surface of our teeth, but plaque can also build up in between our teeth and it can be tricky to reach these spots using just a toothbrush.

Flossing our teeth daily with floss tape helps to get rid of any leftover food and plaque in between our teeth.

Flossing helps to prevent cavities and it helps to look after our gums too.

Flossing can take a little bit of practise before we get it right.

When we floss, we need to take some flossing tape and gently guide the tape between our teeth.

It's important to use a clean part of the tape as you move between the different teeth.

It can be helpful to start flossing with the help of a trusted adult to make sure that you're doing it correctly.

Let's do another check for understanding.

This time we're going to do a true or false question.

Is this true or false? Brushing our teeth is enough to get rid of plaque in between our teeth.

What do you think? Is this true or false? Tell me, tell the person next to you, or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you say that this is false, but why? You might have said that to get rid of plaque in between our teeth, we should be flossing regularly as well as brushing our teeth twice a day.

Well done if you got this right.

We're now moving on to our second practise task.

I'd like you to explain three ways that Sofia could improve her oral hygiene.

Sofia says, "I brush my teeth before I go to bed for about one minute.

I make sure to use lots of toothpaste so that my teeth get cleaner.

I don't floss my teeth because it's boring." Can you explain to Sofia three ways that she could improve her oral hygiene based on what you've learned in today's lesson and in this learning cycle? Pause the video and we'll go through some of the answers in a few minutes.

Okay, let's have a look and see what you might have said.

You might have said that Sofia should brush her teeth twice a day.

She should brush her teeth for two minutes each time, spending 30 seconds in each quadrant or each part of the mouth.

She should use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste.

And she should start flossing her teeth to get rid of plaque between her teeth.

Well done if you said this or something similar.

You're doing a brilliant job so far, so keep it up as we go into our final learning cycle.

Our last learning cycle is called "Which foods and habits promote healthy teeth?" We can help our teeth to stay healthy by avoiding certain sugary foods and drinks.

Sugary foods and drinks can be harmful to our teeth.

When we consume sugar, some of the bacteria naturally present in our mouths interacts with it, and this produces a type of acid.

This acid can dissolve our tooth enamel, which is the strong and protective outer layer of our teeth.

When this dissolves, this can lead to cavities, which are little holes in the teeth.

Some foods and drinks contain hidden sugars, so they can seem healthy but can contain high levels of sugar, which can be harmful to our teeth.

For example, some fruit juices and fruit stacks contain a lot of sugar, so they should only be consumed as part of a balanced diet and in small amounts.

Instead, we can try to have more foods and drinks which contain calcium, like leafy vegetables and milk, which are good for our teeth.

Reducing the amount of sugary foods and drinks we have is not only good for our teeth, but it's great for the rest of our body too.

There are lots of healthier and low-sugar options that are better for our teeth and our overall health.

Let's move on to a check for understanding.

This time, I'd like you to fill in the missing words.

When we consume something, some of the bacteria naturally present in our mouths interacts with it, and this produces a type of something.

This can dissolve our tooth something, which is the strong and protective outer layer of our teeth.

When this dissolves, this can lead to something.

Can you fill in the missing words to make the sentences complete? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

Okay, we're now going to go through each missing word.

The first missing word was sugar, then acid, enamel, and cavities.

Well done if you put these words in the correct places in the sentence.

Healthy habits like regular dental check-ups and avoiding sugary snacks promote healthy teeth.

Going to the dentist is important because they can check the overall health of our teeth and they can also help to fix certain teeth problems before they get worse.

Sometimes there might be a problem with our teeth that the dentist is able to fix.

If we do develop a tooth cavity, dentists can sometimes fill them in, which could stop them from getting any worse.

Jacob says that we can do our best to stop tooth problems from happening by brushing our teeth twice a day, flossing, and avoiding regularly eating sugary foods and drinks.

Some people can feel nervous about going to the dentist, and this is okay.

Aisha says, "I was nervous about going to the dentist at first, but they were really friendly and they told me what they were going to do before they did it, and this helped a lot." If we're feeling nervous about the dentist, we can ask our trusted adults to help us with these feelings so that we feel really confident going for health check-ups with the dentist and we can keep looking after our teeth.

Some other healthy habits that can help our teeth to stay healthy include drinking plenty of water, having a healthy balanced diet.

Izzy tells us that it's important to talk to a trusted adult if you're worried about your oral hygiene or have any questions about looking after your teeth.

Let's do another check for understanding.

Is this statement true or false? We should only go to the dentist if something is wrong with our teeth.

What do you think? Tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said that this is false, but why? Going to the dentist for regular check-ups is an important part of looking after our teeth.

Dentists can help to spot problems before they get any worse, and this can help our teeth to stay healthy.

Well done if you said this or something similar.

We're now moving on to our final practise task.

You've done a brilliant job so far, so let's keep it up.

For this task, I'd like you to complete the table to show your understanding of how we can promote having healthy teeth.

One row has already been done for you.

In the less healthy habits column, we've got not going to the dentist regularly.

And in the healthy habits column, we've got going to the dentist regularly.

Can you fill in the rest of the table to show what you've learned about how we can promote healthy teeth? Pause the video and we'll go through some of the answers in a few minutes.

Okay, your completed table might look a bit like this.

In the less healthy habits column, you might have not going to the dentist regularly, eating lots of sugary foods, drinking lots of sugary drinks, not brushing your teeth twice a day, not flossing regularly, or not having a balanced diet.

In the healthy habits column, you should have going to the dentist regularly, not eating too many sugary foods, not drinking too many sugary drinks, brushing your teeth twice a day, flossing regularly, and having a balanced diet.

Well done if you said this or something similar.

We're now going to summarise some of the key learning from today's lesson.

In today's lesson, we have learned that we have different types of teeth, including incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.

They each have different important jobs that help us to digest food properly.

Brushing our teeth twice a day, for two minutes each time, helps to remove plaque and to prevent cavities, and flossing also helps this.

Sugary foods and drinks can harm our teeth by dissolving our enamel, which can lead to cavities.

We can look after our teeth by having regular dental check-ups, avoiding regular sugary drinks and snacks, and having a balanced diet.

And finally, we've learned if we're worried about our oral hygiene, we can speak to a trusted adult to help us.

If you have any questions about anything from today's lesson or need any further support, it's really important that you speak to a trusted adult.

There are also some resources on the screen that you can access if you need any further support.

Well done for your fantastic hard work today.

I really enjoyed teaching you and I hope to see you again soon.