Lesson video

Hello everyone, and welcome to our geography lesson today.

My name is Ms. Harrison, and we're going to continue our unit on the geography of Brazil.

However, you might have noticed that I am somewhere different today.

And actually, today, I've been transported back to the United Kingdom and you can see the lovely landscape of the Lake district behind me.

Now, the reason that I'm in the UK today is because today, we are going to be comparing the weather in Brazil to the weather here in the UK.

So last lesson, we looked at the different climate and weather we can find in Brazil.

And today we're going to be comparing that to the climate and weather here in the United Kingdom.

So let's get started.

So our learning question today is, "How is the weather in Brazil different to the UK?" And during our lesson today, we are going to recap our knowledge of the seven continents, which you guys are getting so good at.

We're going to be able to locate Brazil on our map of South America.

We're going to think about what the climate of the UK is like.

And then how does the weather in the UK change during different seasons? So, how does the weather change during different times of the year? And then we're going to compare that to what we looked at in Brazil last lesson.

So, before we get going, for our lesson today, you're going to need some paper or a notepad to write down on.

You are going to need a pen or a pencil to write with.

And of course, you're going to need your big geography brain.

If you are missing one of those things, or if you just want to make sure that you've got a quiet space in order to do our lesson today, pause the video now and make sure you're ready.

Okay, awesome.

Let's get started with our first challenge.

So my first challenge for you today is to see if you can remember all seven continents of the world.

So see if you can name them all in one minute.

I'm going to show you the world map and I want you to shout out all of the names of those continents that you remember.

Go! Did you manage to remember them all? Let's have a check.

So we had the continent of, North America.

Well done, if you remembered that one.

We had the continent of Africa.

We've got Asia, Australia, Antarctica, Europe, and South America.

Did you manage to remember all of those seven continents? If you did, give us a big pat on the back.

Well done.

Fantastic.

Now, can you remember which continent do we need to zoom in on to find Brazil? Which one is it? Shout it out! It's South America! Well done, if you remembered that.

Now here's our map of South America.

I want you to point to where you can find Brazil.

Awesome work, team.

You should have pointed here to Brazil on the East side of the continent of South America.

So, let's get down to our content for today.

Previously, we looked at the climate of Brazil and in this lesson, we're going to compare that climate to the climate of the UK.

Now let's, first of all, have a little recap of what we looked at last week.

So we know that Brazil is a huge country and because Brazil is such a large country, the climate changes, depending on where you are in different parts of Brazil.

So, on the screen in front of you, you can see a map showing the different climate zones of Brazil.

I'm going to make it bigger so that you can see it really nice and clearly.

So, if you have a look at those darker blue areas, you can see that they have warm temperatures and lots of rain all year round, whereas if you have a look at the red and orange areas, they're very warm, but also very dry all year round.

And those are the areas that are more desert-like.

And then at the south, in the south of Brazil, you can see those more green areas and they have different summer and winter seasons.

So a bit more like we have here in the UK, having different seasons.

And their climate is more mild.

So it's warmer in the summer and it's colder in the winter in those areas.

Okay.

I'm going to give you a quick challenge now.

I'm going to tell you a different type of weather, and I want you to point to that area on the map where we can find it.

See if you can do it nice and speedily.

So first of all, I want you to point on your screen and on that map to a location that has very hot and dry weather.

Off you go.

Okay, hopefully you managed to find that part on the east side of Brazil.

So you've got that red and orange part of the map where it's hot and dry, and those are desert regions like the region of the Caatinga.

Now, I would like you now to find an area that has a milder climate, so not too hot, not too cold and that has different seasons.

Point to that area on your map.

Did you manage to find it? That was the greener area on the climate map, which is down at the bottom in the South of Brazil.

And final challenge for you; can you find the area that is hot and wet all year round? Point to bit on the climate map.

Okay, hopefully you managed to find that dark blue area in the North of Brazil, particularly in the Northwest, which is where the Amazon is, but also you can see some more in the Northeast as well.

So now we've got a good idea of those different climate zones we can find in Brazil.

Let's now think about the climate of the UK.

So what's the climate like here in the United Kingdom? Now we know that compared to Brazil, the UK is much, much smaller.

Okay? And because it's so much smaller than Brazil, the UK doesn't have lots of different climate zones.

So in Brazil, there are lots of different types of climate all around the country, whereas here in the UK, the climate stays the same, more or less, around the country.

Now, here in the UK, it's generally the climate that we have is cool summers, so not as hot summers as we have in other countries around the world, and colder winters, but still not as cold as other places on earth.

Now, Northern Ireland, Wales and the Southwest of England are usually the mildest, the wettest and the windiest regions and that's because they are near the Atlantic ocean on the west side of the United Kingdom.

And temperatures in the North of England and in Scotland are often a little bit cooler than they are in other places in the UK.

So there are some slight differences in different parts of the UK, but generally the climate of the UK is the same throughout the country, whereas in Brazil, there are lots of different climate zones.

So, we're going to take a pause and I've got a task for you.

So, why does Brazil have so many more different climate zones than the UK? And you've got a sentence starter here to help you.

Brazil has more different climate zones than the UK because.

So think back to what we just learned about the climate of Brazil and the climate of the UK.

Why does Brazil have so many more different climates zones than the UK? Pause the video now and write that sentence and finish it off.

Okay.

Awesome work, team.

So you should have written something like, "Brazil has more different climate zones than the UK, because it is a much larger country or it's a lot bigger than the UK." That's why there are different climate zones in Brazil, more so than in the United Kingdom.

Awesome work, team.

So now let's think about how the weather in the UK changes during different seasons.

Now, let's just recap those key words that we looked at last lesson of climate and weather.

So the climate is the average weather conditions in a particular location.

That means it's what you would expect to see in certain areas regarding the climate.

So it's what you expect on average, the climate to be in a certain area, whereas the weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time.

So the weather might be different from Saturday to Monday, but the climate, what you would expect in a certain area, stays the same.

So the climate is what we expect and the weather is what we get on a certain day.

Now, before we look at the seasonal changes in the UK, I want you to have a look around the area where you live and where you are right now.

What is the weather like where you live today and how does this change at different times of the year? So, you've got some sentence starters to help you, on the screen.

I'll show you what I might write.

So I live in London and I live in the South of London.

Today, in London, the weather is warm and it is sunny.

This changes at different times of the year.

For example, in the summer, which is when I'm recording this now, so it's July now.

In the summer, it's usually quite warm.

It's usually quite sunny, but there is sometimes rain as well, whereas in winter, the temperature is a lot lower.

It's usually a lot colder and a lot more cloudy in the winter time.

So have a look out of your window, see what the weather is like where you live today and fill in the gaps in these sentences.

Off you go.

Fantastic work, team.

So now let's have a look at how the weather changes within the UK at different times of the year.

So, the temperature and rainfall in the UK does not vary as much in different parts like it does in Brazil because as we already know, the UK is a lot smaller as a country than Brazil is so the climate stays more or less the same.

But the temperature and the level of rainfall does go up and down depending on different times of the year.

So, here we have some statistics, so some facts about different average temperatures throughout the year in the UK.

So we can see that in January, the average temperature is 4.

2 degrees Celsius.

We can see that in April it is 9 degrees Celsius and in August, it is 17 degrees Celsius.

So you can see in August, it's usually hotter than it is in April or in January, because that's when we, in the UK, have our summertime.

And then if you look at the bottom row, we have the average rainfall, which is in millimetres.

So remember we measure rainfall in millimetres, of how much falls on the ground.

So we have 65 millimetres, on average, in January, we have 48.

7 in April, and we have 136.

5 in August.

Now, this can change year on year, but this is just an average taken over one year in the UK.

So we can see that generally the temperatures are quite cool, so not too hot and the rainfall changes depending on different seasons.

So we've got more rainfall in the summer months of August than we do in April, for example.

Now, let's see how that's different to one area of Brazil that we looked at last week.

And this is the city of Manaus which is located in the north west of Brazil.

So this is the area near where the Amazon rain forest is.

And let's have a look at those average temperatures and the rainfall.

So the average temperature in Manaus in January is 26 degrees Celsius, the same in April and the same in August.

So you can see that throughout the year in Manaus, the temperature doesn't change very much.

So it's gone from 26 degrees, 26 degrees to 27 degrees.

So only one degree change in those different months, whereas in the UK, if we look back to the United Kingdom, the temperature changes a lot throughout the different months.

So you've got 4.

2 degrees in January, so quite cold, and going up to 9 in April and then 17 in August.

So the temperature in the UK goes up and down depending on the seasons, whereas here in Manaus, it stays the same more or less throughout the year.

And you might also notice that the temperatures in Manaus are a lot higher than the UK.

So 26 and 27 degrees is a lot higher than 4.

2, than 9, or than 17.

So, in general, it's a lot hotter in Manaus throughout the year than it is ever in the UK.

So then let's have a look at the average rainfall, So the bottom row.

In January, there is 264 millimetres of rainfall on average.

April, we've got 311, so going up.

And then in August, just 47 millimetres of rainfall.

Let's compare that back to the UK.

In the UK, we have 65, then we had 48.

7, then we had 136.

5.

So in general, there is a lot less rainfall in the UK than there is in Manaus, in the north west region of Brazil.

So you can see here, the numbers are a lot higher on the bottom row of that table.

So there's a lot more rainfall in Manaus in the Northwest of Brazil than there is in the UK.

So, now we've started comparing already how the climate of the weather in Brazil is different to the climate in the UK.

So let's have a look at some of those facts and compare the two countries together.

So, have a look at Brazil on the left-hand column.

In Brazil, there are lots of different climate zones and we already know that's because the country is so big, that there were lots of different climate zones throughout the country, whereas in the UK, the climate is similar throughout the country.

So because it's a lot smaller, there are less different climate zones and the climate stays the same.

In Brazil, not all places have set seasons.

So we saw in Manaus that the temperature stays more or less the same throughout the year, whereas in the UK, the temperature goes up and down depending on the season.

So the UK has set seasons like spring, summer, winter, and autumn, whereas in Brazil, not all places have that.

We know that in Brazil, in general, the temperatures are higher than they are in the UK.

And generally, in Brazil, there is more rainfall.

So it rains more particularly in the Northwest of Brazil, so that location of Manaus that we looked at.

And there's less rainfall in the UK than there is in most of Brazil.

So those are some of the things that are different between the two countries.

Now, I have one final challenge for you to take away from our lesson.

Over the next week, I would like you to make your own weather chart for where you live.

So, every day, I want you to write down the temperature, so that's how hot it is, and you can find that either online or, if somebody in your house has a smartphone, then often you can find it on the smartphone as well.

So what's the temperature each day, and what the weather is like.

Is it raining? Is it sunny? Is it cold? Is it cloudy? Is it snowing maybe, where you live? So, I want you to go through for one whole week and write down the weather and the temperature each day, where you live.

And then I want you to think about how that is similar or different to the weather in Brazil.

So that's my challenge for you to take away from our lesson today.

And that's all we've got time for in our geography lesson today.

I have really enjoyed comparing those two different climates of Brazil and the UK and I hope you've enjoyed it too.

Now, if you would like to share some of your work, so if you're super proud of the work you've done today, and maybe you'd like to share maybe your weather charts with the Oak National team, you can ask a parent or carer to take a photo of your work and upload it to social media, tagging @OakNational with the hashtag #LearnwithOak.

That way, some of your teachers might be able to see the great work you are doing at home.

So well done for working so hard today.

In our next lesson, we're going to continue learning about the geography of Brazil.

And I will see you then.

Bye.