Hello, I'm Mr. Bellam.

Thanks ever so much for joining me today.

I'm really pleased you've picked this lesson.

We're gonna have lots of fun today making rock cakes.

Yes, we're gonna start cooking and hopefully, you're gonna really enjoy yourself.

So let's get started with the lesson, shall we? So what are we gonna learn today? Well, the outcome on the lesson is that you will be able to make rock cakes.

Shall we read this together? Come on then, let's do it.

"I can make rock cakes." Well done, that's brilliant.

So before we start, we're gonna look at some of the key words that we're going to be covering this lesson.

Let's read them together, shall we? The first key word is rationing.

We're going to look more at this, but rationing is something that happened in the war and it was a way of giving a fixed amount of food per person, so it was fair.

The next key word is dividing.

Did you say that with me? Well done.

Dividing is when we split a mixture equally.

So for this lesson, we're going to split the mixture, which is the rock cake mixture, evenly into smaller cakes.

The third key word is rubbing in.

And this is a food skill that you're going to be learning today.

And this skill enables us to rub the butter, which is one of the ingredients, into the flour.

That's right, we're going to rub the butter into the flour and it's called rubbing in.

And the last key word is oven.

You've probably seen an oven before, but an oven is a part of a cooker and it's used to bake or roast different types of foods.

Well done if you read all those with me.

You've done really well so far.

So here's the outline of our lesson.

Shall we get started? Okay, first of all, we're going to be investigating rock cakes.

So rock cakes are originally from Britain and they were traditionally eaten as a tea time treat.

So in the afternoon, perhaps with a cup of tea.

And they are made from flour, butter, which I've already mentioned, sugar, dried fruit, and eggs.

So just a few basic ingredients that makes these lovely rock cakes.

Can you see them on the screen? I bet you can.

Andeep's got something to say.

"They look like rocks, so they are called rock cakes." That's right.

That's how they got their name.

Because of the way that they looked, they're not really made from rocks.

So rock cakes were promoted in World War II due to rationing.

Rationing gave everyone a fixed amount of food.

It helped to ensure that everyone had a fair share at a time of shortage as there wasn't much food around.

And you can see a rationing book on the screen.

And this is what people used to go and get their fair share of different types of food each week.

Laura's got something to say.

What is Laura saying? Can you read it? "Rock cakes use less sugar and eggs than traditional cakes, which is really important if your food is being rationed." So this is why they were promoted.

Question for you.

True or false, "Rationing allowed everyone to eat what they wanted." Hmm.

Give you a few seconds to think about this one.

What did you put? False.

Yes, rationing didn't allow that.

Why? Rationing gave everyone a fixed amount of food.

So you couldn't eat what you wanted.

You were given a fair share.

Well done for getting that one correct.

Rock cakes are a sweet food containing sugar and butter, which is a type of fat.

Generally, we need to eat less of these types of foods.

What is Jacob saying here? "Rock cakes have dried fruit.

Is this part of my five a day?" Hmm, what do you think? Ah, Sophia is telling him, "No, it's not part of your five a day.

There is very little fruit." Five a day is five portions of fruits and vegetables, not just a few pieces of dried fruit.

Can you see this on the screen? What is it? Can you read it for me? Yes, that's right.

It's an oven.

And the rock cakes that we're going to make today are baked in an oven.

What other uses does an oven have, other than just cooking rock cakes? Well, it could be used for baking and it could use things like baking bread and pies.

And it also can be used for roasting, things like chicken and potatoes.

Andy's got something to say here.

What is he saying? "Ovens become very hot." Absolutely true.

Very, very hot.

So we need to wear oven gloves when we put food into the oven and take the food out.

That's really important to do, as the ovens become really hot.

Okay, have you been listening? So, here's a quick question for you.

What is an oven used for? Is it A, chilling, B, baking or C, boiling? I'll give you five seconds to have a think about this one.

Okay, so what did you put? It's B, it's baking.

An oven is used for baking different types of foods.

Well done if you got that one correct.

Here's a little task for you now.

And it's all around rationing.

And Aisha here is practising rationing different types of foods with her friends.

Now on the screen is listing the ingredients that she has available.

But how can she share these to make sure it's fair for each of her four friends? So what can they each have to make it fair? So for example, there's 400 grammes of flour.

There are four people.

So how much flour do they get each? That's right, a hundred grammes each.

'Cause four times 100 is 400 grammes.

Well done.

Now I'm going to let you do the others yourself.

You may wanna stop the video and come back in a moment.

See you soon.

Okay, how did you get on? Was it a challenge for you? I bet you did really, really well.

Let's have a look, shall we? Wow, each of the children, they get 100 grammes of flour each, 20 grammes of butter each, 25 grammes of sugar, one egg, and 40 grammes of dried fruit.

So Aisha here has rationed the food.

She shared it equally between her four friends.

Well done if you got that one correct.

It's quite tricky, isn't it? Okay, let's move on to the next part of the lesson.

And I'm sure you're going to enjoy this.

This is where we're going to be making our rock cakes.

Now to make rock cakes, we're gonna use different parts of equipment and we're going to use different food skills as well.

So one of the first ones we're going to use, we're going to be measuring, and what are we gonna be measuring with? What do you think these are called on the screen? That's right.

They're weighing scales.

We're going to use weighing scales to weigh the butter and the flour.

And here's Jun, he's telling us, "We will weigh the flour, butter, sugar, and dried fruit." So we're gonna be weighing four different types of ingredients using the weighing scales.

And why do you think we need to weigh them? Well, we need to weigh the food accurately so the recipe works.

If we had too much of one ingredient, they really wouldn't be rock cakes anymore and they really wouldn't taste very nice.

So we need to make sure we weigh everything accurately.

The other food skill we're going to use is rubbing in.

Do you remember that key word that we talked about at the start of the lesson? And you can see the picture here, rubbing in.

And this is where we rub the fat, the butter, into the flour.

Lucas is telling us, let's read it together, shall we? "I'm going to rub the butter into the flour." And what is Lucas using? He's using his fingertips.

So the tips of his fingers are in the bowl rubbing the fat, the butter into the flour.

He's going to produce very, very small sort of pieces of fat within that, they're gonna look a bit like breadcrumbs.

And if you need to, you can shake the bowl very gently and all the large pieces will come to the top of the bowl and you can rub them in again.

So everything becomes nice and small, like breadcrumbs.

So that's rubbing in.

Okay, have you been listening? So which of these images shows rubbing in? Is it A, B, or C? I'll give you a few seconds to have a think.

Okay, so what did you put? Let's have a look at the answer, shall we? It's A, that's right.

Well done everybody, for getting that one correct.

So A is showing the fingers in the bowl, rubbing the butter into the flour, not B or not C.

So well done for getting that one correct.

What else are we going to do to make these rock cakes? Well, we're going to be cracking an egg.

Now eggs are very fragile, so we need to be careful that we don't drop the egg on the floor or spill it all over the table.

So we hold the egg very carefully in one hand and with the back of a table knife, we just hit very gently on the shell to crack the egg.

And then we use our two thumbs, our two fingers, and we open the egg and it drops into the bowl.

So nice and careful.

So we don't want any spillages, do we? 'Cause then we'd have to clear up.

So Laura is telling us we must be careful when cracking an egg, for all the reasons that I've just talked about.

But also once we've touched an egg, we should wash our hands to be clean and hygienic.

Another skill we're going to use is mixing.

So we've got all the ingredients in the bowl and we're gonna use a spoon to mix everything together, just like Izzy's told us here.

"Use the spoon to mix everything together." Next, we're going to do dividing.

Do you remember that key word dividing that we talked about? So Sam here is telling us that dividing helps the rock cakes to cook evenly.

So why would that be? Can you tell me? Hmm.

Yes, 'cause if we had small rock cakes in the oven, they would burn very, very quickly.

And if we had large rock cakes in the oven, they won't cook very well at all and they'll be undercooked in the middle.

So if we have them all the same size, they all cook at the same time and I'm sure they'll all taste and look fantastic.

Well done.

And we can use two spoons to help to divide the mixture equally.

It also saves getting all the mixture on our fingers.

So that's an easy way of doing the dividing.

And your teacher will put the rock cakes in the oven.

Do you remember, the oven is very hot and your teacher will use oven gloves to put the rock cakes in and out of the oven.

Quick quiz for you here.

Have you been listening? So what is dividing? Is it A, to split a mixture in half, B, to split a mixture equally, or C, to split a mixture unequally.

I'll give you a few seconds to have a think.

Okay, so what did you put? The answer's B.

That's right, it's to split a mixture equally.

So all the rock cakes cook at the same time so they all look the same and taste wonderful.

So here's our task.

So now we're going to follow the recipe and make the rock cakes.

So before you cook, you need to make sure you get ready.

So you need to tie up any long hair, remove any jumpers, wash your hands, and put on an apron, as well.

Nice clean apron.

You also need to make sure you've got your ingredients and your equipment ready.

So you are ready to go, ready to start.

And as you prep and cook, I want you to think about being safe and hygienic.

And I want you to think about the food that you're using.

Things like rubbing in, things like cracking an egg, and mixing and dividing.

'Cause you're all gonna do brilliantly, I'm sure.

So here's the recipe for the rock cakes.

So here's the ingredients you're going to need and the equipment that you'll need.

And here's the method.

I'm sure you're going to do brilliantly.

Just follow each step, read all the instructions carefully from number one through to number eight.

And remember, your teacher will put the rock cakes in the oven for you.

Good luck and I'll see you at the end.

You might want to pause the video now while you're cooking your delicious rock cakes.

Okay, so how did you get on? I bet you did brilliantly, didn't you? Did they smell good? Has anybody tasted them yet? I bet I would.

Okay, so let's just double check what we did.

So when we made the rock cakes, we first of all rubbed the butter into the flour so it looked like breadcrumbs.

We then stirred in the sugar and dried fruit.

We added the egg, cracking it carefully over the bowl.

And we mixed it into a soft firm dough.

Next, we divided the mixture into eight rocks, equal size.

We placed them on the baking tray and then our teacher baked them in the oven for around 12 to 15 minutes.

And lastly, we allow them to cool down.

I really hope you enjoyed making your rock cakes today with me.

I bet you did really, really well, and I hope you learned loads.

So let's just have a quick summary, shall we? So rock cakes are from Britain and are eaten as a tea time treat.

Rock cakes were originally promoted in World War II due to rationing, when we had to share the food equally.

To make rock cakes, we used different types of food skills.

We did measuring, rubbing in, mixing, cracking an egg and dividing.

And we know that the rock cakes are baked in the oven.

I want to thank you today for joining me making rock cakes.

I hope you enjoyed making them.

I'm sure they're gonna taste delicious.

And more importantly, I hope you learned some new food skills and a little bit of history around rock cakes.

Thanks ever so much, and I'll see you again in another lesson.

Thanks.

Bye!.