Lesson video

Welcome to today's lesson on Naming compounds.

It's from the unit Atoms, Elements and Compounds.

My name's Mrs. Mytum-Smithson.

I'm pleased that you've come along to learn with me today.

I know that naming compounds can seem really complicated, but by the end of today I hope that you should be able to name some compounds from their chemical formulae.

Here's some keywords for today's lesson.

Metal sulphate, metal carbonate, metal nitrate.

Here are the keywords in sentences.

You can pause this slide to give you time to read them, then press play when you're ready to start the lesson.

Today's lesson on naming compounds contains three learning cycles: Naming metal and non-metal compounds, Compounds include oxygen, and then finally, Sulphates, carbonates and nitrates.

Our first learning cycle is Naming metal and non-metal compounds.

So let's get on with it.

Compounds that have got different names depending on the combination of elements that they contain.

So here's a periodic table, on the left hand side it's a metal.

On the right hand side coloured in green is the non-metals and the orange ones are the metalloids.

So depending on which combination of these elements depends on the name of the compound.

First of all, we're going to look at naming compounds made from metals and non-metals.

So here's our example, magnesium plus oxygen.

That arrow shows that a reaction has taken place.

So now we know that the magnesium and oxygen have reacted together and they're going to make a compound.

We need to name this compound.

So first of all, we've got the metal name, magnesium that always starts the word of the compound, starts the name of the compound.

And then we've got the non-metal name.

So instead of writing magnesium oxygen, it's changed the last bit of it.

So it's now magnesium oxide.

So if there's two elements bonded together, the end of the non-metal is changed to -ide, I-D-E.

So magnesium plus oxygen makes magnesium oxide.

Here's a table that's going to show some examples of different non-metals in compounds.

If you have a look, they all end in -ide, I-D-E.

So if I react silver and oxygen, the compound name would be silver oxide, I-D-E at the end.

Iron plus sulphur would make iron sulphide.

So if you have a look, iron, the metal goes first and then sulphide.

So I-D-E is the ending of the non-metal.

Lithium plus chlorine makes lithium chloride.

I-D-E at the end instead of I-N-E for the non-metal, which in this case is chlorine.

Potassium plus fluorine makes potassium fluoride.

So the fluorine, so the non-metal part changes the end of the name to end in I-D-E.

The metal name if you've noticed, so we've got silver, iron, lithium, and potassium.

They've all stayed the same when they're in the compound.

Silver plus bromine, I'm pretty certain by now you're probably shouting at the screen, bromide.

So that is silver bromide, I-D-E at the end of the non-metal instead of I-N-E.

And zinc plus iodine makes zinc iodide.

So it's quite difficult to say iodide, but it does end and follow the pattern of them all ending in I-D-E.

Let's check to see how much you understand about naming compounds between a metal and a non-metal.

Sodium reacts with chlorine to make a compound.

What is the compound called? Is it called sodium chlorine? Is it called sodium chloride or is it called chloride sodium? What do you think? Pause the video for some thinking time.

Write your answer then press play when you want to know what the actual answer is.

Well done if you said sodium chloride.

You might be familiar with that because that is the name of salt that we put on our chips.

The sodium, so the metal part must go first.

So if you've written C, chloride sodium, that would be incorrect.

The non-metal needs to be at the end and the ending changes into I-D-E.

What is the compound copper chloride made from? So what two elements make copper chloride? Is it copper and fluorine? Copper and chloride? Copper and chlorine? Copper and oxygen? What two elements make up copper chloride? Pause the video for some thinking time.

Press play when you've got your answer.

Well done if you said copper and chlorine.

It is copper and chlorine.

You'll be incorrect if you said copper and chloride, 'cause chlorine is the name for the element.

When it's in a compound, copper remains the same and chlorine changes to chloride.

Remember the ending letters are I-D-E.

Well done if you got that one right.

Here's task A.

I'd like you to complete the missing information.

So this one is about metal and non-metal compounds.

So you're going to either name them, name the metal or name the non-metal, and I've done the first one for you.

So silver plus oxygen makes silver oxide.

Remember the end of the non-metal name ends in I-D-E.

So then you've got some to do, so pause the video whilst you do that, and then press play when you've completed the missing information.

Well done for completing that task.

I hope that you found it quite straightforward.

So my first example that I gave you was the metal name of silver reacting with a non-metal name of oxygen makes silver oxide.

And there is a pattern here.

So if we have a look, iron plus oxygen makes iron oxide.

So the metal name stays the same and the non-metal name ends in I-D-E.

So for this next one, the metal name is sodium.

So that's not going to change in the name of the compound.

And I-D-E sulphide at the end must have come from sulphur to make sodium sulphide.

So well done if you've got that one.

Now we've got something plus iodine makes potassium something.

So potassium's a metal name, that doesn't change.

So that's going to be potassium plus iodine makes potassium iodide.

Brilliant if you got that correct.

Zinc plus something makes something chloride.

So we know that the non-metal must be chlorine because it just changes the last three letters into I-D-E.

So it must be zinc chloride.

Finally, sodium fluoride must be made from sodium 'cause the metal name doesn't change, and then the non-metal name would be fluorine.

So well done if you managed to complete all of those answers.

You've done really well naming metal and non-metal compounds.

I hope you're confident now about naming metal and non-metal compounds.

Now we're going to have a look about what happens if compounds contain oxygen.

So let's get on with the second learning cycle.

Now we're going to have a look at what happens when a metal reacts to form a compound with a non-metal and oxygen.

So the non-metal part of the compound, now is gonna have the ending A-T-E.

So if there's oxygen involved in a metal and non-metal reaction, we're going to end it in A-T-E.

Let's see how this works in practise.

So we've got iron plus sulphur plus oxygen.

So we said before that the metal name doesn't change and that always goes first.

So here it is, iron.

And then we've got the sulf bit from the sulphur and we are going to remember include the oxygen.

So this ends in A-T-E.

So this is iron sulphate.

This table shows examples of compounds formed when the reaction includes a metal, non-metal and oxygen.

So if you have a look, this was our example before, iron plus sulphur plus oxygen makes iron sulphate, ending in A-T-E.

So iron sulphate.

Now I've got another example, lithium plus carbon plus oxygen makes lithium carbonate.

If you have a look there, it ends in A-T-E.

And we've got potassium plus nitrogen plus oxygen makes potassium nitrate.

Again, the metal name stays the same.

So we've got lithium and potassium, they just stay the same.

And then we've got the start of the non-metal name with A-T-E at the end.

So potassium nitrate, lithium carbonate, iron sulphate, A-T-E at the end if it includes oxygen in the reaction.

Here's a check for understanding.

Which compound or compounds contain oxygen? So is it the sulphides, the sulphates, the carbonates, the nitrates? So which one, two, three or four of these contain oxygen? Pause the video now for some thinking time.

Press play when you've got your answer or answers.

So, well done if you spotted sulphates, carbonates, nitrates, all end in A-T-E, indicating that those compounds contain oxygen.

Well done if you've got that one.

Here's another check for understanding.

True or false? If a metal non-metal and oxygen react and make a compound, the name of the compound will end in I-D-E.

Is that true or is that false? Pause the video for some thinking time.

Press play when you've got your answer.

Well done if you said that that statement was false.

Now I want you to justify your answer.

When a metal and oxygen are involved in a reaction, the compound ends in A-T-E.

Or when a metal, non-metal and oxygen are involved in a reaction, the compound ends in A-T-E.

Pause the video for some thinking time.

Press play when you've got your answer.

Well done if you said that that was B.

When a metal, non-metal and oxygen are involved in a reaction, the compound ends in A-T-E.

When it's just a metal and oxygen, it would end in I-D-E.

Well done if you've got that right, I've got a check for understanding now.

What would be the name of the compound formed when calcium, carbon and oxygen react together? Would it be calcium carbonite? Calcium carbonate? Carbonate calcium? Carbon calcate? Pause the video for some thinking time.

Press play when you've decided what the name of the compound is.

Well done if you said B, calcium carbonate.

Remember the name of the metal stays the same, so that would be calcium.

And then the non-metal, in this case, carbon, would end in A-T-E, carbonate.

If you have a look, marble chips and chalk are made from calcium carbonate.

So there's pictures, top one's marble chips, and the bottom one is chalk and they are made from calcium carbonate.

Now here's a task that checks on how well you know how to name compounds.

So here's the table.

So we've got the metal name, the non-metal, we've got a column there that says either it includes oxygen or if it's grey, it doesn't include oxygen.

I want you to then name the compound.

So I'd like you to complete the table.

So pause the video whilst you do this.

Press play when you've completed the table.

Well done for working hard to complete the table on naming compounds.

So iron plus nitrogen and oxygen makes iron nitrate, A-T-E if it includes a metal, a non-metal, and oxygen.

So here's the next one, magnesium plus oxygen is going to make magnesium oxide, ending in I-D-E.

Because in this case the oxygen is the non-metal.

So that our next one, nickel plus bromine and oxygen is going to make nickel bromate.

Remember, it's going to end in A-T-E because there is a metal, a non-metal, and it also includes oxygen.

Copper and chlorine, there's no oxygen there.

So that is going to be copper chloride, I-D-E, copper chloride.

So the next one, it includes oxygen and we've got potassium sulphate.

So potassium is the metal, that stays the same, then sulphur and it includes oxygen so it ends in A-T-E, potassium sulphate.

For this one, we're gonna be able to know that because it ends in A-T-E, it includes oxygen in the reaction.

So the metal name stays the same, so that's lithium.

And the non-metal name is from carbon and it also includes oxygen.

And we can see that because it ends in A-T-E.

So lithium carbonate.

Well done for working really hard on completing that task.

I hope you got them all right.

Well done for completing the first two learning cycles of our lesson.

So we've named some metal and non-metal compounds.

We've named some compounds that include oxygen.

And now we're going to look at sulphates, carbonates and nitrates.

Sulphates, carbonates and nitrates are examples of compounds ending in A-T-E.

So if the compound ending is sulphate, the general name for that compound would be a metal sulphate.

Carbonates would be metal carbonates and nitrates would be metal nitrates.

So sulphates, carbonates and nitrates can be represented by symbols.

So if the compound ends in sulphate, the compound ending symbol would be SO4.

That's one sulphur atom and four oxygen atoms. So you can tell it's four oxygen atoms because it's got a little subscript number four next to the oxygen, illustrating that that should have four oxygens in it.

Carbonates are CO3.

So this time it's one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms. And nitrate is one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms. So copper sulphate will be written CuSO4 Cu being the symbol for copper.

SO4 being the symbol for a sulphate.

Calcium carbonate will be written CaCO3.

So calcium is the Ca part of it.

And CO3 is the carbonate and potassium nitrate would be written KNO3.

So K is the symbol that represents potassium on the periodic table.

NO3 is the nitrate group.

Let's have a check for understanding.

Na is the symbol for sodium.

Name the compound NaNO3.

Here's a picture of it if you want to know what it looks like.

Is that sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate, or sodium carbonate? Pause the video for some thinking time.

Press play when you've got your answer.

Well done if you said sodium nitrate.

The NO3 group is nitrate group.

So well done if you got that one right.

Here's a quick check.

What ending would the formula of zinc sulphate have? Would it have SO4? Would it have CO3 or would it have NO3? Pause the video for some thinking time and press play when you've got your answer.

Well done if you said SO4, that is the ending for something that is a sulphate.

So here's Task C.

Izzy's writing a set of rules for naming compounds that contain oxygen.

Complete or correct her ideas.

So here's Izzy.

She's saying, "When a metal reacts to form an element with a non-metal and oxygen, the compound has a name that starts with -ate." Here's a little table that she's done with the compound ending and the compound ending symbols.

And she said, "CuSO4 is the formula for.

.", and you're gonna write in what the formula is for.

And finally, something has the formula, PbCO3.

So what I want you to do is either complete the blanks, correct her ideas, or complete the table.

Pause the video while you complete this task and press play when you've got your answers.

Well done for working hard.

Let's see if you've managed to correct Izzy's mistakes.

So when a metal reacts to form a compound with a non-metal and oxygen, that compound has a name that ends in A-T-E.

Then we'll have a look at the table.

So sulphate is SO4, CO3 is the name for a carbonate and nitrate is NO3.

Well done if you've done those.

CuSO4 is the formula four copper sulphate.

And finally, what has the formula PbCO3, that's lead carbonate.

Well done if you've got all of that information correct.

You're doing really well with naming sulphates, carbonates and nitrates.

Final task for today's lesson, I want you to match up the formula to the compound's name.

So we've got a list of formula in the left hand side, and then we've got the first part of the compound and the second part of the compound.

What I want you to do is pause the video, match these up, and press play when you've got your answer.

Well done for completing that task.

Hopefully you know that Pb is the symbol for lead and SO4 is the symbol for sulphate.

So that is lead sulphate.

Next one down, NaO3, that's going to be sodium nitrate, BaDO4, that's barium sulphate, and CuCO3, that's copper carbonate.

And KNO3, that is gonna be potassium nitrate.

So well done if you've managed to name all of those.

Here's the key points from today's lesson.

The name of a simple metal/non-metal compound ends in I-D-E and that indicates that bonding has occurred.

So the name of a simple metal to non-metal compound ends in A-T-E if oxygen is also involved.

Compounds of metals bonded to CO3 are called metal carbonates.

Compounds of metals bonded to SO4 are called metal sulphates.

And finally, compounds of metals bonded to NO3 are called metal nitrates.

Well done for working really hard throughout this lesson.

I hope that now you're much more confident in naming compounds and being able to look at formula and see what the name of that compound is too.