Hello everyone.

This is Miss Afzal here again to share some more handwriting with you.

I'm so excited to be here.

I hope you're feeling excited too.

We're going to, as always, do our best.

We are, as always, going to have lots of fun.

Are you ready to begin? Let's get started.

The outcome for today's lesson is I can write a sentence in cursive handwriting using capital letters correctly.

We have some keywords in our lesson today.

Let's go through them, my turn, your turn.

Capital letter, proper noun, join, lead in, lead out.

Fantastic.

It was good to hear those words loud and clear.

Let's make sure we are looking out for those words, listening for them and thinking carefully about them when they appear in our lesson today.

So in our lesson today, reviewing sentences with capital letters, using lead-ins, we'll cover two things.

First of all, we'll be using capital letters in a sentence and next we'll be writing a sentence in cursive handwriting.

So let's begin with using capital letters in a sentence.

Can you remember when a capital letter is used in a sentence, I wonder? Well first of all, let's look.

We've got one of our keywords here, capital letter.

So a capital letter is the uppercase formation of a letter.

So we have lowercase formations and uppercase formations.

And the capital letter is the uppercase formation of a letter.

Now I wonder if you can turn to someone nearby and tell them all the ways in which a capital letter can be used in a sentence.

So pause the video while you do this.

All right, I wonder what different ways you came up with.

When can you use a capital letter in a sentence? Let's see.

The first word in a sentence always needs a capital letter.

We went to the shop, so that capital W at the beginning is very, very important.

The pronoun, I, is always a capital letter anywhere within a sentence.

Andy and I went to the shop.

And proper nouns name specific people, places or things, and they always need a capital letter.

For example, Andy and I went to the shops on Princes Street.

So Andy is a capital letter because it's the beginning of a sentence, but also because it's the beginning of a proper noun, somebody's name, specific name.

And then Princes Street, the P and the S also have capital letters because that's a specific place.

And now can you remember the four joins? And a join is a way of connecting together letters, linking them together so we don't lift our pencil off the page and we link the letters together.

So we've got four joins.

Can you remember them? Here they are.

Here are our four joins.

Now let's have a look at the one at a time.

So the first join between the A and the W, pause video and tell someone nearby where that join is going from and to.

Well done if you got this.

So the first join is going from the baseline to the x-height line.

Well done if you remembered this.

Okay, now let's take a look at the second join, the join from the C to the H, where does the C end, where does the H begin? How do they join? Pause the video and tell someone nearby all about the second join.

Where is it from and to? Well done if you got this.

The second join is from the baseline up towards the ascender line.

And the baseline is line that we can see on green on our set of tramlines.

Most letters sit on the baseline.

And the x-height line is the dotted lines and the ascend line is the highest line in our set of tramlines.

Okay, next up, it's the third join.

You know what to do, pause the video and tell someone nearby, where does the third join go from and to? Okay, so the third join is from the x-height line to the x-height line.

Fantastic, well done if you remember this one.

Next up it's the fourth join from the W to the L.

Where is this join starting? Where does it go from and where does it end up? Where does it go to? Pause the video and tell someone about the fourth join.

Okay, the fourth join goes from the x-height line up towards the ascender line.

Remember, the ascender line is the top line in our set of tramlines.

Well done if you remembered these four fantastic joins.

Check for understanding.

Take a look at this sentence.

Which words need a capital letter and why? jun and I like to watch the football at old trafford stadium.

So pause the video while you decide which of these words need capital letter, and why.

Did you get the J at the beginning of our sentence? Well, we know that a sentence always starts with capital letter.

Did you get a capital letter for the I, the pronoun, I, is always a capital letter anywhere in a sentence.

And did you get capitals for the O, T and S of Old Trafford Stadium, because it's a proper noun and proper nouns always have a capital letter anywhere in a sentence.

Well done if you found all these places where there should be a capital letter.

Okay, now let's look closely at a sentence in cursive.

Here's our fantastic sentence.

I went to the Highlands.

What an amazing place to go to.

So what do you notice, what can you see? Pause the video and tell someone nearby everything you notice about this sentence which is written in cursive.

Okay, did you spot these capital letters? There's capital letter, I, that's because it's the beginning of a sentence and because it's a pronoun, I, there is a capital letter at the start of the Highlands because the Highlands is the name of a place, it's a proper noun.

We have got some lead-ins, lead-in for the first letters of the word to and the and also the W in went.

We have got finger spaces in-between these words and we've got adequate spacing between the letters.

They're not all squished up together, they're not so far apart.

It's a nice even amount of space.

Well done if you noticed all of these things.

Let's take a closer look at our sentence, I went to the Highlands, written in cursive handwriting.

A sentence always begins with a capital letter.

You can see that in the beginning of our sentence here, the pronoun, I, always has a capital letter.

The proper noun, Highlands, has a capital letter.

The capital letters do not join to the other letters.

You have to take your pencil off the page after their formation.

The letters are connected using a range of joins.

So we've been through our four joins, but we've got lots of different joins in this sentence.

The first letter has a lead in and the last letter has a lead out.

So a lead in is a line or stroke that takes us into the letter.

And a lead out is a line or stroke that smoothly takes us outta the letter and joins us to the next letter.

This sentence is written in cursive handwriting and very nice cursive handwriting, I must say.

I'm going to show you how to form the sentence, I went to the Highlands, in cursive writing.

I'm gonna say ready, line, go, and begin with my capital letter, capital I.

I'm gonna take my pencil or the pen off the page 'cause we don't join from a capital.

And I'm going to form my lead into the W.

I went, joining my letters carefully, pencil off the page written between each, I went to the, and Highlands is a proper noun so it's going to have a capital H.

And remember, we don't join from a capital so I'll begin my I at the baseline, the lead in, I went to the Highlands.

I am really joining all of my letters very carefully, and I'll finish with a full stop, and I'll go back and dot the I.

Check for understanding, select the true statement.

Capital letters join to the next letter in the word.

Capital letters don't join to the next letter in the word.

After forming a capital letter, you lift your pencil before writing the next letter.

You don't need to lift your pencil after forming a capital letter.

So pause the video and select the true statement.

Well done if you selected statement b, capital letters don't join to the next letter in the word, and also well done if you selected statement c.

After forming a capital letter, you lift your pencil before writing the next letter.

Well done if you selected these two statements.

And now it's time for our first task.

I would like you to practise writing a sentence in cursive.

First of all, go over the grey examples, and next, complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

I went to the Highlands.

Remember the capital I at the beginning of your sentence, and 'cause it's a pronoun, I, and remember the capital H for the Highlands because it is a proper noun.

And of course, don't forget your full stop.

Don't forget your adequate spacing between letters and your finger spacing between the words.

And as well, there's those lead ins and lead outs.

Okay, how did you get on with that task, with practising writing, with writing the sentence in cursive? Did you start the sentence with a capital letter? Did you lift your pencil after forming each capital letter, did you join the letters within words with the correct joins? Circle your best part of the sentence and celebrate.

Okay, and now we are writing a sentence in cursive handwriting.

Let's closely add another sentence in cursive, I went to the Highlands to see a loch with Sam.

What can you see, what do you notice? What do you see? Pause the video and tell someone.

Okay, did you spot all these capital letters? The I has capital letter, the Highlands began with a capital letter and Sam began with a capital letter.

So let's find out more about this sentence.

A sentence always begins with a capital letter.

The pronoun, I, always has a capital letter, the proper noun, Highlands, has a capital letter, and the name, Sam, has a capital letter as it is a proper noun.

The capital letters do not join to other letters, you have to take the pencil off the page after their formation.

The letters joined using a range of joins.

The first letter has lead in and the last letter has a lead out.

This sentence is written in cursive handwriting.

I'm going to think of a sentence which has two proper nouns and say it out loud.

Hmm, let me think.

We went to Chester Zoo with Sophia's mum.

So I've got two proper nouns in my sentence.

I've got Chester Zoo and Sophia.

And now it's your turn.

I would like you to think of a sentence which has got two proper nouns and say it out loud.

Are you ready, so have a think, and now pause the video and say your sentence out loud.

Fantastic, loved hearing those sentences loud and clear, all those proper nouns, wonderful.

So here is my sentence.

We went to Chester Zoo with Sophia's mum.

I've written my sentence in cursive handwriting and I would like you to spot the following features with your friend and talk about why they were used.

So can you find any capital letters, lead ins, lead outs, finger spaces, and letter spacing.

So pause the video and turn to someone nearby and share with them all about these different features that I've used and why did I use them? Okay, good to be back with you.

Now let's have a look at what Lucas has to say.

"There is a lead in for the first letter of each word unless the first letter is a capital letter." Oh, well done for spotting that, Lucas! Fantastic.

Of course we don't lead in to a capital letter, but all the other first letters of words have a lead in.

Wonderful, did you spot that, what else? Here's Aisha.

"Capital letters are always at the beginning of a sentence and are also used for proper nouns." Well done.

Aisha! Yeah, we've got the W at the beginning of our sentence for the word, we, and we've got capital letters at the beginning of Chester and Zoo, and also Sophia's.

So we've got this capital C, Z, and S, great spot, Aisha.

I wonder if you noticed those as well.

And now it's time for your next task.

I would like you to practise writing a sentence in cursive.

First of all think about how you would write your sentence in cursive.

Where would the capital letters be and when will you need to lift your pencil? Where will your starting point be? Which joins will you use? Where will you use a lead in and where will you use a lead out? How will you keep your words separated on the line? So many things to consider.

So pause the video while you reflect on these points, these five questions, which are all about how you're going to write your sentence in cursive.

Fantastic, and now pause the video while you think about your sentence.

What sentence are you going to write and tell someone nearby.

Okay, it's time to write.

So I would like you now to practise writing your sentence in cursive, the sentence that you've just rehearsed and said out loud.

Remember to keep your pencil flowing smoothly as you connect your letters.

Enjoy writing your sentence.

I'll see you when you're finished.

Okay, it's good to be back with you, how did you get on? Did you use a capital letter at the beginning of your sentence? I'm curious.

What about, did you remember to lift your pencil after the capital letter? Did you use the correct joins and keep your pencil flowing? Did you remember the lead ins and the lead outs? I hope so.

Well done, you have written your first sentence in cursive.

I hope you're feeling very proud of yourself.

In our lesson today, reviewing sentences with capital letters, using lead ins, we have covered the following.

Capital letters are used at the beginning of a sentence.

Proper nouns need capital letter anywhere in a sentence.

The pronoun, I, always has a capital letter anywhere in a sentence.

Capital letters do not join to other letters, you need to lift your pencil.

All the letters have a lead in and a lead out except for the capital letters.

There is a finger space between each word when writing a sentence.

There is adequate spacing between the letters in the words.

All of the letters are connected using one of the four cursive joins.

Well done everyone for joining in with this lesson.

You have done such a great job remembering all of your capital letters, remembering all of your joins and your sentences look fantastic.

I'll see you in the next lesson, bye for now.