Lesson video

Hello, my name is Mrs. Riley.

Thank you so much for joining me for our grammar lesson today.

Let's get started.

The learning outcome in today's lesson is to recognise the simple present, simple past, and simple future tense in a range of regular and irregular verbs.

These are our key words for today's lesson.

They're going to be really important to our learning, so make sure you've got your listening ears ready and your speaking voices ready because we're going to do my turn, your turn for each one.

Are you sitting up straight? Let's get going.

Verb, tense, perspective, simple tense, auxiliary verb.

That one's perhaps a new word.

So let's say it again, auxiliary verb.

Well done.

Let's see what these keywords mean.

A verb is a doing, being, or having word.

A tense tells the reader when something happens.

Someone's perspective is their point of view.

The simple tense is one that does not make use of an auxiliary verb in addition to the main verb in the present and past.

An auxiliary verb is a helping verb that is always paired with the main verb.

So you might hear auxiliary verb and think, "Gosh, that looks like a very scary word." But actually, all it means is that it is a helping verb.

It is a helping verb that is paired with a verb.

So in today's lesson, we have two learning cycles.

And in the first learning cycle, we are going to look at tense and person.

So as we just said, a verb, which is one of our key words, is a doing, being, or having word.

Here are some examples of some sentences.

We are going to try to identify the verb in each sentence.

So let me read them to you.

Where are my shoes? Give this letter to your teacher.

The boys cycled through the park together.

What a gorgeous day it is.

Perhaps as I was reading those, you might have spotted some of the verbs.

Let's see what they are.

In the first sentence, are is the verb, and it is a being verb.

In the second sentence, give is the verb.

It is a doing verb.

It is something that you need to do.

Give this letter to your teacher.

The giving is the action.

The boys cycled through the park together.

Cycled is a doing verb.

It is the action, the thing that the boys are doing.

And what a gorgeous day it is.

Is is the verb.

It is the being verb.

We know that in all simple sentences, there has to be a verb.

So in that sentence, is is the being verb.

Let's check what we've just learnt.

Could you find the verb in each sentence? A, the rabbit hopped across the road.

B, pass me your coat.

C, I love my new shoes.

D, we danced until our feet hurt.

Pause the video and find the verb in each sentence.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

The verb in each sentence is hopped in the first sentence, the rabbit hopped across the road.

It's a doing verb.

Pass is the verb in pass me your coat.

It's a doing verb.

Love is the verb in C.

Love again is something that you can do.

And danced is the verb in the final sentence.

well done if you spotted those verbs.

Verbs can be linked to different people or groups.

We call this the person the verb is written or spoken in.

I walk home.

We walk home.

I and we, this is written in the first person.

These, sorry, are written in the first person because I walk home, so it's about me.

Or if I said we walk home, that's also including me because when we say we, we are talking about ourselves and someone else or and a group of other people.

So I, and we are both written in the first person.

It's talking from your own perspective, and perspective was one of our key words, wasn't it? So your perspective, if it's from your own perspective, it's from your own point of view.

You walk home.

You is written in the second person, talking to a person or a group of people.

So if I say, "You walk home," I could be saying, "You, singular, one person, just you walk home." Or I could be saying to a group of you, "You walk home," but I'm talking to you.

That's the important thing, and that's the second person.

She walks home, he walks home, or they walk home.

These are written in the third person, talking about a person, a thing, or a group of people.

She, he, or they.

This is what we call the person the verb is written or spoken in, and we have first person, I or we, second person, you singular or you plural, and third person she, he, or they.

Now you might have noticed something about when we use the third person.

We always have the same verb here.

I walk home, we walk home, you walk home, but when we get to the third person, it becomes, she walks home, he walks home, they walk home.

So they is the same.

So she and he is different.

We have to add an S to walk.

Perhaps you notice that as I was reading those.

So, true or false? The person tells us who is doing the verb.

Is it true or false? Pause the video now.

Well done.

It is true.

The person tells us who is doing the verb.

For example, they walk home or we walk home.

We could justify our answer by saying the person matches or agrees with the verb.

For example, if we say, "He walks home," we have to say walks.

The verb has to agree with the person.

We couldn't say he walk home.

That doesn't sound right.

Let's see if we can identify the person in this example.

Are you ready? We play tennis after school.

We play tennis after school.

Can you identify the person in this example? Have some thinking time.

Well done.

We is the person in this example.

It tells us who is playing tennis.

It's we.

We are talking from our own perspective.

It's written in the first person.

We is the first person plural perspective.

Plural, because it's from my own perspective, but it's not just about me, it's about when we're saying we, it's me and a group of others or and one other.

I is the first person singular perspective because it's just about me, just about one person.

Let's see if we can identify the person in this example.

Are you ready? You play tennis after school.

Perhaps you could pause the video while you identify the person in this example.

Well done.

The person is you.

In this sentence, we are talking to a person or a group of people.

Remember, you, I could be saying, "You play tennis," as in you just, you or I could be saying you to a group, "You all play tennis after school." This is written in the second person.

You is the second person singular perspective if I was just talking to one person, you play tennis after school.

Or if I was talking to more than one of you, you can also be the second person plural perspective.

So that one's a bit funny because it sounds the same whether we're talking to one or 100 people, we would still just say, "You." But the important thing is we are talking to a person or group of people.

Let's see if we can identify the person in this example.

He plays tennis after school.

Perhaps this time you could hold it on your chest.

What is the person in this example? Hold it in your chest.

And after three, tell me the answer.

1, 2, 3.

Well done.

It is he.

We are talking about a person or group of people in the third person.

He, she, or it are the third person singular perspective, and they is the third person plural perspective.

If I say, "He plays tennis after school," I'm talking about a person, one person.

But if I said, "They play tennis after school," I'm talking about a group of people.

But the important thing is I'm not talking to someone now, I'm talking about someone or a group of people.

So for your task, I would like you to match the sentence to the person it is written in.

Circle the words that helped you to decide.

So here are our sentences.

They are going to the zoo at the weekend.

You made me laugh in assembly.

I went ice skating and I wore a bubble hat.

So first, you need to decide which of these is written in the first person, which is written in the second person, and which is written in the third person, and you're going to draw lines to match them up.

And then you can circle the words that helped you decide what person it was written in.

Once you've done that, I would then like you to write your own sentence in the first person.

It could be a sentence about anything you like.

If you like, it can be a silly sentence, but I want you to write it in the first person.

Pause the video while you complete this task.

Well done.

Let's see how you got on.

So the first sentence is they are going to the zoo at the weekend.

This is written in the third person.

And the word that helped me to know that is they, they are going to the zoo.

You made me laugh in assembly.

This is written in the second person.

You is the word that helped me to decide.

I went ice skating and I wore a bobble hat.

This is written in the first person, and I is the word, or we see it twice, are the two words that helped me to decide.

Here are some examples of sentences written in the first person.

You need to check if your sentence contains I or we and is written in your own perspective.

So here are some examples.

I play the piano quite well.

I waited patiently for the bus for over an hour.

We went shopping and then we had a yummy lunch in a cafe.

We are going in camping in Wales at the weekend.

All of these are written in the first person.

I use I or we.

It is written in my own, each one is written from my own perspective.

Well done for completing that task.

Let's have a look at our second learning cycle, identifying simple tenses.

In English, we write and speak in different tenses.

It's one of our key words.

We have present tense, which means the action is happening now.

For example, I am speaking to you.

We have the past, which means the action has already happened.

For example, it's the afternoon now so I have eaten my lunch.

It's already happened.

We have the future.

The action will happen in the future.

It hasn't happened yet.

So we have the past might be yesterday, the present might be today, and the future might be tomorrow.

The verb tells us the tense of a sentence.

It tells us when it is happening.

So in our sentences here, we can see that it is the verb that tells us the tense.

I dance every day.

Dance is the verb.

It's the doing verb here.

And it tells us that the action is happening.

So it is present tense.

I danced yesterday.

The action has happened.

It's in the past.

I will dance tomorrow.

The action is yet to happen.

It's in the future.

There are several different types of past, present, and future tenses in English.

Could you match the tense to the correct timeframe? So we've got present, past, and future.

And the timeframes are either the action has already happened, the action will happen in the future, or the action is happening now.

Pause the video while you match the tense to the correct timeframe.

Well done.

The correct answers are present, means the action is happening now, I am speaking.

Past means the action has already happened.

Future means the action will happen in the future.

It hasn't happened yet.

One type of present tense, which is what we're focusing on today, is the simple present tense.

It was one of our key words.

I eat breakfast every morning.

She runs to the end of the playground.

Jacob reads his book before bedtime.

They study in the library together.

Eat, runs, reads, study, these are all the verbs in each sentence.

And remember, it's the verb that carries or tells us the tense.

So these verbs, these sentences, show that something is happening now.

They use just one verb, eat, runs, reads, study.

These actions are still happening.

They're written in the simple present tense.

They're written in the? Well done.

They're written in the simple present tense.

Remember, the verb tells us what tense it is written in.

And the verbs here tell us that these things are happening now.

Notice that when the person changes, the verb can change too.

Let's have a look at what that means.

I eat breakfast every day.

She runs to school to the end of the playground.

Jacob reads his book.

They study in the library.

When we use the he, she, and it form, the verbs are different.

She runs, Jacob reads, he reads.

So I run, we run, you run, they run.

The verb run always stays the same.

But when we say he, she, or it, we have to say runs.

So that's just something that we've got to be careful of.

And that might sound like, "Goodness me, how am I going to remember that?" But you don't have to worry because quite often we can just hear what sounds right from listening to the world around us and reading our books.

For example, if I wrote a sentence and said, "She run to the end of the playground," you would probably hear that that didn't sound right.

So we've got to remember it, but don't worry too much because often we can hear what sounds right and what doesn't.

So it is in the third person singular.

We have to add an S to the verb.

I run, we run, you run, they run.

That's fine as it is.

But he runs, she runs, it runs.

You could be saying it runs about, maybe an animal.

It runs away.

So could you correct the mistake in each simple present tense sentence? A, she kick the ball over the wall.

B, they hides under the stairs.

C, Sam like butter on his toast.

You could probably hear that they don't sound right.

Could you correct the mistake? Off you go.

Pause the video now.

Well done.

So in the first one, we need to change it to, she kicks the ball over the wall.

In the second one in B, it's they hide under the stairs.

And in C, it's Sam likes butter on his toast.

Now let's look at the past tense.

So one type of past tense is the simple past tense, and that's what we're focusing on today.

I needed to sit down.

They clapped enthusiastically.

It looked scared.

Aisha went to the museum at the weekend.

So here are the verbs, needed, clapped, looked, went.

These sentences show that something has already happened.

These are in the past tense, the simple past tense.

And it's these verbs that tell us what tense each sentence is written in.

They use just one verb, needed, clapped, looked, went.

These actions have now finished.

They happened in the past and now they've finished.

The he, she, and it forms of the verbs are the same.

So whereas before, we had to change them for he, she, or it.

Here, they're the same.

I looked, we looked, you looked, they looked, he looked, she looked, it looked.

So it's the same.

The verb is the same no matter what person it is written in.

Let's check what we've just learned.

Could you tick the sentences that are in the simple past tense? A, they visited their grandparents.

B, the dog chases the cat in the garden.

C, the mouse scurried under the door.

D, Andy finished his homework before dinner.

Remember to look for the verb because the verb will tell you what tense it is written in.

We're looking for the simple past tense, which means that it has already happened.

Pause the video now.

Well done.

The correct answers are A, they've visited their grandparents, and C, the mouse scurried under the door.

Visited and scurried are the verbs, and they show me that these are written in the simple past tense.

Oh, I'm so sorry.

There's one more that I nearly missed.

I nearly skipped over that one.

D, Andy finished his homework before dinner.

Finished is the verb.

It tells me that this action has already happened.

Not all verbs in the past tense end in -ed.

So the ones we just looked at, visited, scurried, finished, you might have noticed all those verbs end in -ed, which is what happens very often.

Verbs in the past tense end in -ed, but not always.

And that's where we have irregular verbs.

See becomes saw.

I see the birds.

I saw the birds.

I eat a pain au chocolat.

I ate a pain au chocolat.

I go to the cinema.

I went to the cinema.

I run to school.

I ran to school.

I think grammar is fun.

I thought grammar was fun, before this lesson.

I'm joking.

We call these irregular past tense verbs.

So if they are regular verbs, then they probably are going to end in -ed when it's the past.

But if they are irregular, they might have a completely different rule, which is what happens here.

In the simple past tense, the he, she, and it forms of the irregular verb also stay the same.

I saw, we saw, you saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw.

We can see that the verb here, saw, always stays the same.

The verb does not need to change when we are talking about someone else.

So again, you might think, "Oh my goodness, Mrs. Riley, this is so much to remember that all these verbs have irregular verbs, have got a different past tense.

See, saw, eat, ate, go, went, run, ran, think, thought, huh." But again, you don't need to worry because we can often hear what sounds right.

If I tried to add an -ed to see, and it was seed, I seed some animals at the zoo.

Hopefully, you might think, "That doesn't quite sound right." Or again, goed, I goed to the cinema.

That doesn't sound right.

I think it's I went.

So don't worry about all these rules because very often, we can hear what sounds right.

One type of future tense is the simple future tense.

So we've learned simple present, simple past, and now we're looking at simple future.

You will meet lots of new people.

Sophia will start her new school on Monday.

I will go to the gym tomorrow.

They will celebrate their marriage next summer.

Will meet, will start, will go, will celebrate.

These sentences show that something is yet to happen.

It hasn't happened yet.

I haven't gone to the gym yet, but I promise you I will go tomorrow, or will I? It will happen in the future.

The he, she, and it forms of the verb are the same.

So just like before we looked at before, I will go, we will go, you will go, they will go, he will go, she will go, it will go.

So in the past and in the future, they will all stay the same.

It's only those ones in the present tense that we have to be a little bit wary of.

I help, you help, we help, they help, he helps, she helps.

They're the only ones we need to be careful of.

The verb does not need to change when we are talking about someone else.

The simple future tense uses two verbs.

You might have noticed this.

Will meet, will start, will go, will celebrate.

In our present simple present tense and simple past tense examples, we just had one verb in each sentence, but here, we've got two verbs in each sentence.

The two verbs are the auxiliary verb, will, and the main verb.

Auxiliary verb, auxiliary was one of our key words for today.

An auxiliary verb is a helping verb that we pair with our main verb.

I will play outside.

Will is the auxiliary verb, the helping verb, and play is the main verb.

Let's check what we've just learned.

The auxiliary verb, will, helps the main verb in the simple past tense.

Ooh, is that true or false? Pause your video now.

Well done.

It is false.

The auxiliary verb, will, does help the main verb, but in the simple future tense.

The auxiliary verb, will, is paired with the main verb in a simple future tense, like will play.

Right, it's my turn and then your turn.

So first I'm gonna identify what tense each sentence is written in.

The elephant crashed through the undergrowth.

Oh, I know you're all shouting out the answers at me.

You've got to try and let me do this one by myself.

Let's look at the next one.

It will rain heavily later today.

I eat fish and chips for tea.

Hm, okay.

So let me try to identify what tense each sentence is written in.

Right, well, I'm going to look for the verbs because I know the verbs are the really key words that are gonna help me to identify the tense.

Okay, the elephant, that's a noun.

Crashed, ooh, that's the action.

That's the thing the elephant is doing.

The elephant crashed through the undergrowth.

Crashed.

Crashed.

I think that's going to be in the past tense.

The simple past.

It's already happened.

Poor elephant.

Right, next one.

Let me do this one again by myself.

It will rain heavily later today.

Ooh, I think this is one of those examples that has two verbs, an auxiliary verb, will, and the main verb, rain.

It will rain heavily late today.

It hasn't happened yet.

It's going to happen.

So I think that's the simple future.

I eat fish and chips for tea.

I eat fish and chips for tea.

Hm, what's the thing I'm doing? Ah, eat.

Okay.

So eat is the verb, and that is happening now.

So that's going to be in the simple present.

It's now your turn.

Are you ready? You need to identify what tense each sentence is written in, just like I did.

So you sentences are, number one, we jump in the muddy puddles.

Number two, the stars twinkled in the dark sky.

Number three, dad will collect you after school.

You need to decide if each sentence is written in the simple past, simple present, or simple future tense.

Pause the video while you have a think about that now.

Well done.

So the first one is jump is the verb.

It's written in the simple present.

In the second sentence, the stars twinkled, twinkled as the verb.

It's written in the simple past.

It's already happened.

In the third sentence, dad will collect you, will collect are the two verbs, the auxiliary verb, will, and the main verb, collect, and this is written in this simple future.

So now it's time for your final task of today's lesson.

I would like you to circle the verbs and use these to help you identify the tense of each sentence, just like we've just practised.

Your choices are simple past, simple present, simple future.

Here are your sentences.

I'll read them to you.

Number one, we will take a scrumptious picnic with us.

Two, Jun jogs along the river in the sunshine.

Three, I will buy a new book to read.

Four, they visited the museum last Saturday.

Five, in the evenings, she works at a hospital.

Six, they enjoyed the movie in the cinema.

So for each one, you're going to, first of all, circle the verbs, and then you are going to use these to help you to identify the tense.

And you can can write the tense on the line next to each sentence.

Pause the video now.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

So in the first sentence, will take are the two verbs, auxiliary, helping verb, and the main verb, and this is written in the simple future.

We always know it's simple future when we see the auxiliary verb helping.

Jun jogs along the river, jogs is the verb.

It's written in a simple present.

I will buy a new book to read.

I will buy, this is written in a simple future.

They visited.

Visited as the verb.

It tells me that this sentence is in a simple past.

It's already happened.

In the evenings, she works at hospital.

Works as the verb.

It tells me this is in the simple present.

They enjoyed the movie.

Enjoyed as the verb and it tells me that this has already happened.

It's in the simple past.

Well done for completing that task.

Let's summarise what we've learned today.

We've learned an awful lot.

We've learned that the tense of a sentence tells the reader when the action happens.

We can tell the tense of a sentence by looking at the verbs.

Verbs can be linked to different people or groups of people to give different perspectives.

Sentences can be formed in the first, second, or third person.

For example, I, you, we, he, she, or they.

Sometimes we have to use an auxiliary verb, a helping verb, to help show the tense of a sentence.

Well done for all your hard work today.

You should feel extremely proud of yourselves and thank you for learning with me.

I'll hopefully see you for some more learning another time.

Bye.