Lesson video

Hello and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

(indistinct) for today's lesson, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write with and write on and someone to talk to you will be great.

Let's get on with today's lesson then.

In today's lesson, we're going to be spelling words with contracted forms. The outcome is I can spell words with contracted forms such as isn't and can't or can't, depending on how you pronounce that word.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn.

Your turn.

Make sure I can hear you doing these.

Contraction, apostrophe, omitted letters, omitted letters, expanded form.

A contraction is a shorter way of writing two words that have been joined together.

Some letters often then taken out and they're replaced with an apostrophe.

An apostrophe is a punctuation mark that in contractions is used to replace the letter or letters that have been taken out when the two words have been squished together.

Omitted letters.

If you omit something, you leave it out.

So omitted letters are those letters that are then removed from the contracted forms of the two words that have been put together.

They are often replaced by an apostrophe.

And finally expanded form.

This is then the longer form of that contraction, the two words that make up that contracted form.

For instance, the contracted form of your is the words you and are.

That is the expanded form of that contracted your.

Keep an eye and an ear out for these key words in today's learning as they're going to be very important and I'll be referring to them a lot.

So, here's the outline for today's lesson.

We're spelling words with contracted forms. In the first part of the lesson, we're going to look at using this apostrophe for contraction, that punctuation mark and then we're going to have a go at spelling some contracted forms. And we're gonna be looking at both the emitted letters and also the expanded forms. Let's have a look at the apostrophe for contraction, them.

Let's have a read of some words.

My turn.

Your turn.

I'm.

I'm.

Let's have a look at this word a bit more closely.

I can see here that it has an apostrophe, which is that punctuation mark so this is a contracted form of two words that have been put together.

Don't.

Don't.

Can't, or can't if you rather.

We're.

You're.

Isn't.

They're.

What do you notice about all of these words then? Have a go at reading them again.

Pause the video and think do you notice a similarity in all of them? Great! Some lovely conversations going on there.

I think some of you might even know the two words that make up some of these contracted forms. Oh, and there was one more, won't.

There you go.

Won't.

So I've noticed that they all contain apostrophes, don't they? These punctuation marks.

They're all what we would call, my turn, your turn, contractions.

And remember, contractions are a shorter way of writing two words where we squish those two words together.

We leave a letter or some letters out and replace those letters with the apostrophe that you can see in all of these words.

These words have an expanded form.

So they're made up from two words.

I am is the expanded form of the contraction, I'm.

I quite like to clap to contract.

I am, I'm.

(claps) Can you do that for me now? I am, I'm.

(claps) Brilliant! The apostrophe shows us that it is a contracted form and that some of the letters have been omitted.

And remember by omitted I meant those letters which have been left out.

And if we look I am and I'm, I can see that my A is my omitted letter.

It has been left out and it has been replaced by that apostrophe.

I am, I'm.

(claps) Clap to contract.

The apostrophe usually takes the place of the letters that have been omitted from the expanded form.

So remember, the apostrophe is that punctuation mark.

The omitted letters are those letters that have been left out, taken out and our expanded form was those two original words that made up our contraction.

We are.

So this is our expanded form.

We are becomes we're.

We are, we're.

(claps) Do that for me.

We are, we're.

If we look carefully here, I can see that I've omitted a letter.

I've omitted the letter A and I've replaced that A with my apostrophe.

This is an apostrophe for contraction.

There you go.

The A has been omitted.

You are.

Say that for me.

You are.

If we contract, squished together you and are, we can get rid of the A and we make the word you're.

This is the contracted spelling of you're.

And you'll notice here we've omitted the A, we've replaced it with an apostrophe and puts those two words together.

Our expanded form, you are, has become our contracted form, you're.

They are.

Say that for me.

They are.

This is our expanded form.

I want to have a go at creating our contracted form right now.

Don't worry about writing anything down, but just start having a think.

Have a look at we are, you are, that have become we're and you're.

We now have they are.

What letter do you think is going to be emitted and replaced by our apostrophe for contraction? Hmm.

They are, they're.

Pause the video and have a think which letter you think is going to be omitted.

Excellent! Some lovely conversations and pattern spotting going on there.

I could see some children pointing and being like, 'Oh well, that A's gone there, A's gone there.

Absolutely, our A is going to go from our expanded form here and it is going to be replaced by that apostrophe and we're gonna put them together.

So they are, they're.

(claps) Do that for me.

They are, they're.

(claps) Clap to contract.

Brilliant! So let's have a look at some expanded forms of these common contractions and see what we spot.

Our contracted form is I'm.

Our expanded form is I am.

Contracted form, don't.

Our expanded form is do not.

Our contracted form is can't or can't and our expanded form is cannot.

In a sentence, either form can make sense.

I'm very happy.

I am very happy.

Don't walk on the grass.

Do not walk on the grass.

I can't come today.

I cannot come today.

So notice both the contracted and the expanded forms made sense in the sentences there.

Let's read more examples and replace the expanded forms with their contractions.

We are family.

We're family.

You are my friend.

What do you think my contracted form of you are is going to be there? Have a go at saying it now.

Absolutely, it's going to be you're my friend.

That is not mine.

That isn't mine.

And you can see each time with our contraction, we are omitting letters replacing those emitted letters with an apostrophe and squeezing our expanded form together to create our contracted form.

In a sentence, either form can make sense and this could be quite useful in our spelling.

Let's read more examples and replace the expanded forms with their contractions.

We are a family.

You are my friend.

That isn't mine.

In a sentence, either form can make sense.

I could say we are family or we're family.

You are my friend or you're my friend.

That is not mine or that isn't mine.

They both make sense.

The contracted form is more informal though.

Match the expanded form to the contraction in purple.

So we've got you're first in the line for lunch.

It isn't raining today.

We're going to see a film.

And then I then have on the right hand side my expanded forms, we are, you are, is not.

Can you please match the expanded forms to the contraction in purple? Pause the video and do this now.

Good job! Let's talk through these then.

You're first in line for lunch is going to be you are.

You are, you're.

It isn't raining today.

It is not raining today.

I can say both and they both make sense.

One is just more informal.

We're going to see a film.

We are going to see a film would also make sense.

So it matches that one.

Here we've matched the expanded and contracted forms. Pause the video and check and see how you did.

So for our practise task now, we are going to have a go at selecting the correct contracted words and adding them to the table to match the expanded forms. Here are our contracted words on the right.

You can also see in our table we have our expanded forms. So for instance, I would look at they are and I would have a look at my contractions and think which word there would mean the same as they are in a contracted form.

Which letters have been omitted? Which letters have been replaced by an apostrophe? So pause the video and select the correct contracted form to match our expanded forms and put them into the table.

Off you go.

Remember to say both forms in a sentence to check.

So, let's see how you've done them.

Really good job! So on my left I've got my expanded forms and on my right are all my contractions.

They are has become they're.

I've omitted the A and added an apostrophe and put them together.

Will not is a bit of a strange one.

I didn't say willn't, it becomes won't.

So there's a number of letters that have changed there and we then have isn't, which was is not.

You are becomes you're.

We are becomes we're and cannot becomes can't.

Remember, saying each form in the sentence will see whether you are saying the correct spelling or not.

It's a very useful strategy to use when dealing with contractions.

Pause the video.

See how you did.

Make any corrections now.

Onto our next learning cycle then.

In this learning cycle, we're going to be spelling words with contracted forms. So when spelling words with contracted forms, it can help to remember the expanded form.

So the longer form of those words.

This helps remember where the apostrophe is found in a word.

Let's try.

You are sitting next to me.

I'm missing my apostrophe here, aren't I? What is my expanded form of youre here? You are sitting next to me.

Okay, so let's think about which letters we've omitted here.

I've omitted the A and so that's where my apostrophe is going to need to go.

Get rid of my A, omit it and then add in my apostrophe.

You're.

You are, you're.

(claps) Your and you're are also homophones.

So there's a Y-O-U-R spelling here.

Saying the expanded form helps to remember which one is which because in this instance one of my yours wouldn't work.

If I say, you are sitting next to me.

That makes sense.

So I know it's going to be my contracted form of my expanded, you are.

Have a look here.

Choose the correct spelling of the words in each sentence.

We've got you're going to love this film.

This is your pen.

You're the next in line.

Try saying the expanded form to see which is going to be the correct spelling.

Pause the video, say each sentence and then choose the correct spelling.

Off you go.

Good job team! So our first one is you're going to love this film.

Let's have a go at saying your expanded form, you are going to love this film.

Yes, that makes sense.

So I know it's going to be my you are and that's that A that's being emitted.

So that's where my apostrophe goes.

So my correct spelling is this one here.

This is your pen.

Hmm.

I've got you're and your.

They're both spellings of your, they're homophones.

My first one with my apostrophe, my contracted form, if I expand that is you're.

This is you're pen.

That wouldn't make sense.

So I know that it's going to be my YOUR possessive spelling.

This is your pen.

Remember saying that expanded form can help us here, whether it's the correct spelling or not.

And then finally you're the next in line.

Hmm, you are the next in line is my expanded form.

That makes sense.

So I know it's gonna be my contracted form of an apostrophe.

You are, oh it's my A there that's been emitted.

So that's where my apostrophe is going to be.

So my correct spelling is you're.

You are, you're.

(claps) Pause the video, see how you did.

They're, their and there are also homophones.

Remember homophones are words that sound the same but are spelled differently and have different meanings.

One of these forms is contracted, isn't it? They are, they're.

Say the expanded form here can also help us to recognise the correct use of they're just like it did for you're.

Does the sentence make sense with the expanded form? If so, use your they're spelling.

They are, they're.

They're from my class.

Let's try saying our expanded form.

They are from my class.

Oh yes, that makes sense, doesn't it? Which means that it's going to be my contracted form of that expanded form.

So I'm going to know it's they are, they're.

I'm going to omit my A and use my apostrophe.

So the correct spelling is they're.

They're from my class.

Makes sense.

So yes, it made sense.

So it's going to be they're from my class.

Our contracted form makes sense.

Remember saying the expanded form can help us to work out which spelling it's going to be of these homophones.

Choose the correct spelling of the words in each sentence.

I'll read the sentences to you first.

It is their ball.

They're friends of mine.

They're going on a school trip.

Remember to say the expanded form to see if it works and if it does then you know you can use your contracted form.

Pause the video now.

Work out the correct spelling for each sentence.

Well done team! So let's have a look at A.

It is their ball.

Let's try saying our expanded form.

It is they are ball, does not make sense, does it? So I know it's gonna be my possessive T-H-E-I-R spelling of there, belonging to.

So this is our correct spelling.

Let's try using our expanded form B.

They are friends of mine.

That makes sense doesn't it? They are friends of mine.

So it is going it.

We can use our contracted form, they're.

They, they're friends of mine.

The other there wouldn't work actually because that's our locational form of there, isn't it? Like over there.

And finally they are going on a school trip.

That's our expanded form.

They're going on a school trip.

They are going on a school trip.

That makes sense.

So it's going to be our they're contraction.

Let's think about this.

They are, it's that A there that's been omitted and so our apostrophe goes there.

So our correct spelling is this one here.

Watch out for where you place that apostrophe.

Consider where the letters have been omitted from the expanded form.

Pause the video now check and see how you did.

So as a little check for understanding now, I'd like us to have a look at some expanded forms and contracted forms side by side and figure out which letters have been omitted to form each contraction.

I've done one for you here.

So we have, they are, they're and I can see here that I've omitted my A, put them together and separated them there with that apostrophe where that A was before.

So have a look carefully the expanded forms and the contracted forms and see and cross out the letters that have been omitted and replaced by our apostrophe.

Pause the video and do that now.

Good job everyone! So do not has become don't.

And I can see here that I've squeezed them together, taken out one of my O'S and replaced it in an apostrophe.

Is not, very similar.

Replaced that O there with the apostrophe and squeeze them together.

You are, I've gotten rid of my A.

Very similar to they are, they're; you are, you're.

I've gotten rid of my A.

Okay, omitted it, replace it with an apostrophe and then put them together.

Very similar with we are, we're, okay? Omitted the A and replaced it with an apostrophe.

And then in cannot, there's actually two letters that we have replaced here and it can sometimes be more than one letter that we do omit.

I've replaced an N and an O and put in the apostrophe and then squeeze that can and that T together to make can't or can't.

An interesting one that's slightly regular is the word will not.

We don't say I willn't, we say it becomes won't.

So there's a whole host of letters there that are becoming omitted and we're actually changing them around the order of the O and the N before adding in our apostrophe as well.

It behaves slightly differently than other expanded and contracted form so watch out for that one.

Will not, won't.

Say that for me.

Will not, won't.

(claps) Great! Pause the video.

Have a look at the table, see how you did.

Onto our final practise then.

I'd like you to have a go at writing contractions.

I'm going to give you the expanded form.

I'll read you the expanded forms we have now.

We have cannot, is not, I am, do not, will not and watch out for will not.

Remember, it becomes won't.

So I'd like you to have a go at taking the words and writing the contracted form.

For example, cannot, can't; is not, isn't; I am, I'm; do not, don't; will not, won't.

Write the contracted forms now.

Watch out.

Don't forget about the letters you're omitting and also your apostrophe.

Pause the video now and have a go at turning these expanded forms into contractions.

Off you go.

Brilliant work team! So let's go through, make any corrections as we go along.

I've seen cannot turn into can't.

And I've seen it written these ways.

Now I think the first one might make phonetical sense 'cause it does sound when I pronounce can't, it's making that AA sound.

Some people might pronounce it can't, which would make it make a bit more phonetic sense.

Now let's have a look.

I've got car'nt there, that doesn't look right to me.

I've got can't and then I've got caan't.

Now, I think when I contract my expanded form cannot, I get rid of, I omit an N and an O and then I paste it with an apostrophe.

So my correct spelling cannot, can't is this middle one here.

Is not, isn't.

Hmm! Let's have a look.

I think I'm gonna omit my O.

Squeeze it together or paste that O of an apostrophe.

So my correct spelling is isn't here.

Okay? It's a contracted form so we know it's going to have an apostrophe.

The middle one doesn't even have an apostrophe and it's that O that we are omitting.

So that's where my apostrophe's going to go.

I am, I'm very straightforward one, right? It's gonna have an apostrophe because it's a contracted form and we are omitting that A unlike the second one there.

I'm replacing with an apostrophe.

So it's I apostrophe M, I'm.

That's our correct spelling.

We have do not, which is gonna become don't.

Do not, don't.

Let's have a look at this one then.

We're gonna squeeze together, do not, we're gonna omit one of our O's and we're gonna replace that with an apostrophe.

It's a contracted form.

So no, it has an apostrophe.

So the last one can't be right and I appear to have mixed around my N and my O in the first one.

That doesn't make sense.

I've not omitted a letter there.

So my correct spelling is this one here.

Don't, do not, don't.

And remember will not is a strange one.

We don't say willn't, we say won't.

So let's have a look.

W'ont.

Hmm! It's quite similar to don't in many ways, isn't it, if we look at that pattern? So it's gonna need to have an apostrophe because it's a contracted form.

Let's think about it.

Won't, this is my correct spelling.

Will not, won't.

(claps) Brilliant! Check! See how you did.

If you made any magical mistakes, make any corrections, share your learning as well.

Great job.

Pause the video.

Make any corrections now.

Excellent work everyone! Today we've been spelling words with contracted forms. In contractions, the apostrophe shows where the omitted letters were.

Those omitted letters and those letters that have been taken out.

Saying the expanded form, will not of a contraction, won't can help to identify where the apostrophe goes and how to spell it in particular sentences.

Great job with your spelling today, everyone.

Keep up the great work.

Keep an eye for any of those contractions and apostrophe in your reading and writing.

See you again soon!.