Lesson video

Hi, everybody.

I'm Miss Gardner.

Thank you so much for coming to join on today's lesson.

I'm really excited for the learning we are going to do today.

I think it's going to be really interesting and fun, so I hope you are, too.

And let's get started.

In this lesson in our unit, an explanation text on how bees make honey.

We are going to be learning all about every step of this process.

So your learning outcome is, I can understand the honey-making process and sequence it in order.

So let's have a look at our keywords.

We will do my turn, your turn.

So I'll say the word first, and then you can say it back to the screen, or to your partner, or to the teacher.

Nectar, enzymes, regurgitation, honeycomb cell, evaporation.

So possibly some quite unfamiliar words for you there, so let's have a look at their meanings.

Nectar is a sweet liquid made by flowers.

Enzymes are substances in the bee's stomach that helps break down nectar into honey.

Regurgitation is the process of bringing swallowed food up again to the mouth.

A honeycomb cell is a natural wax container for honey.

And evaporation is the process of turning liquid into gas.

So, there are two sections to our learning today.

In the first section, we are going to be understanding the honey-making process, and in our second section, we are going to be ordering the honey-making process correctly.

So let's start with understanding the honey-making process.

So, making honey is a natural and complex process.

Natural means it's part of the natural world, it's not a manmade process.

Humans do not make honey.

And complex means tricky or complicated.

It is not a really easy, simple process to make honey.

It's quite complex.

Honeybees are integral.

They're so important, they're essential to our planet and all the food chains.

We need bees because they help plants make fruits and vegetables by spreading pollen from flower to flower.

So because of this, it means we have got loads and loads of tasty foods to eat, so we are really lucky to have bees in our world and we need to make sure we look after them.

In its lifetime, one bee only actually produces half a teaspoon of honey, so not much honey at all.

So as a result, it's really important that we are taking care of our bees, 'cause we need lots and lots of them to be able to have enough food in our natural world.

The honey-making process has many steps to it.

It's important that all of these steps happen so that enough honey is produced.

When we write our explanation texts, you are going to be writing about all of these steps, and you're gonna be writing about them in the order that they happen so that it's really clear to our readers every step of the honey-making process and the order in which they happen.

So true or false, let's check for understanding.

All of the the honey-making process- Sorry.

All the steps of the honey-making process need to happen for honey to be produced.

Is that true or false? Pause the video now.

That is correct, it is true.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, there are many steps to the honey-making process, or B, there are many steps to the honey-making process and all of them must happen for honey to be produced.

Pause the video now.

That's correct, it is B.

We need to make sure that all of the steps happen in the honey-making process for honey to be produced.

Well, not we need to make sure.

The bees need to make sure that every step happens.

Well done, everyone.

So it's time to learn all about how bees make honey.

So let me tell you about a fascinating journey, and it starts with the forager bee.

So the forager bee is a type of worker bee.

That means it works really hard to make its honey.

It has a very important job.

It needs to find food for its family.

So you can see in the picture there, this is our forager bee.

And the forager bee leaves the hive in search of nectar, and it flies from flower to flower looking for this nectar.

Nectar is a sweet, sticky liquid that comes from flowers.

You might have seen it if you've ever looked really, really closely at the pollen in a flower.

The forager bee collects the nectar by sipping it with its long, straw-like tongue.

Straw-like means it's like a straw that you'd sip liquid from, sip a drink from.

So the the the forager bee has a really long tongue so that it can collect all that sweet nectar.

So let's check our understanding of this step.

The forager bee flies from flower to flower for what? A, petals, B, nectar, or C, honey? Pause the video now.

Correct, it is nectar, that sweet, sticky liquid in flowers.

So let's continue on the forager bee's journey.

The nectar that the bee, the forage bee, has collected with its tongue then travels into the bee's honey stomach.

And you can see in that picture there, I've put a circle around the bee's honey stomach.

In the honey stomach, there are enzymes and proteins, and they are substances that break down the nectar into much, much, much smaller molecules.

In the stomach there, you can see it's full of enzymes and proteins.

They've got a really important job.

The nectar is broken down into these smaller molecules so that it can eventually become honey.

So let's have a check for understanding here.

The purpose of enzymes is to A, stick the nectar together, B, cool the nectar down, or C, break down the nectar into smaller molecules.

Pause the video now.

That is correct, it is C.

Enzymes and proteins break down the nectar into much smaller molecules so that it can become honey.

So now, the journey continues to the next important step.

The forager bee returns to the hive.

It goes back to its family in the hive.

You can see the picture there, the drawing, the picture of the hive.

The hive is the home for the bees.

The nectar is still stored in its honey stomach as it's flying back to the hive.

The forager bee needs to give the nectar away now.

It needs to give the nectar to the processor bees which are at the hive, and it does this in a really clever way because they have to be really careful so that it doesn't spill out everywhere.

So the forager bee regurgitates the nectar into the forager bee's mouth.

Remembering that keyword regurgitate means bringing back up food from the stomach and out of your mouth.

So they had to, they were bringing it back up from the stomach out their mouth, and directly into the processor bee's mouth.

So a quite a tricky process because they have to be so careful that they don't spill any of that precious nectar.

So let's check for understanding of this step.

In what part of its body does the forager bee carry the nectar to the hive? Is it A, on its wings, B, in its mouth, or C in its stomach? Pause the video now.

That's correct, it's in the honey stomach, in its stomach.

Well done.

So now, next, the bees get even busier.

The processor bee places, really, really carefully, the nectar into the honeycomb cells.

And you can see in the picture there, the processor, that's a picture of the processor bee placing the nectar into those cells.

However, it is still not honey, because that nectar contains approximately, so about 70% water, which means it's really, really runny still.

Too much water in it, there's too much liquid in it.

Honey, the honey that we eat and that bees eat, actually only contains 19% water, so you can see that they need to get rid of a lot of the water in the nectar.

They do that by working very, very hard, the worker bees.

They flap their wings so quickly, really, really rapidly to generate heat.

That then means the water can evaporate out of the liquid- Sorry, out of the nectar, and then out of the honeycomb cells so the water becomes a gas and disappears from the nectar.

This means the nectar is becoming thicker, stickier, and sweeter.

You can see that picture there, the worker bee evaporating the water out by flapping its wings.

Let's check for understanding here.

True or false, when the processor bee places- Sorry, processor bees place the nectar into the honeycomb cell, it becomes honey immediately.

True or false? Pause the video now.

That is correct, it's false.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, when the nectar enters the honeycomb cell, it's 70% water.

The water needs to be evaporated first.

Or B, some water is contained in honey.

Pause the video now.

That is correct.

It is A, we need to evaporate that water so that the nectar can become honey.

The bees need to evaporate the water.

Well done.

So now it is time for the final step.

The worker bees then seal the honeycomb cells with wax lids.

That means they kind of close the honeycomb cell with a lid.

So you can imagine if you had a water bottle, you wouldn't want the water to spill out.

So how do you stop water spilling out? You use a lid.

The bees do the same thing.

They seal the honeycomb cells with a wax lid that is made of natural wax so that the honey cannot spill.

You can see in the picture there the worker bee sealing the honeycomb cell with a wax lid.

Now the honey can be stored safely in the honeycomb.

Then beekeepers can collect and filter the honey so that it is ready to eat for us.

We can eat it and the bees, so we are really lucky 'cause at this point, the honey is delicious, and thick, and sweet, and delicious, and really good for us to eat, lots of nutrition.

So let's check for understanding.

The honeycomb cell is sealed with A, a wax lid, B, a layer of thick honey, or C, a plastic lid? Pause the video now.

That is correct.

It is a wax lid.

Wax is a natural material and this is a natural process.

They use wax to make the lid.

Well done.

It's time for task A.

You need to fill in the blanks using the word bank.

So you can see at the bottom there's the word bank with some words in there for you to use to fill in the missing words.

I'm going to read the sentences now, and when I say blank, that means there's a word you need to fill in.

You could even say the words out loud as I'm reading it, maybe to your partner or to the screen before you go off and do this and having a practise at that first.

Okay, so I'm going to read the sentences, and think about and maybe even say the words you think should go in each space.

First, the forage bee flies from flower to flower looking for blank.

It collects the nectar with its blank, and then it travels into the honey blank.

The nectar is broken into smaller molecules by blank.

The forager bee carries the nectar back to the blank.

Then the processor bee blank the liquid into the honeycomb cell.

Next, the worker bee flaps its wings to blank the water and turn the liquid into sticky honey.

Finally, the honeycomb cell is sealed with a wax blank to store it safely.

Pause the video now and have go at task A.

Well done, everybody.

Let's go through the answers.

First, the forage bee flies from flower to flower looking for honey.

It collects the nectar with its tongue, and then it travels into the honey stomach.

The nectar is broken into smaller molecules by enzymes.

The forager bee carries the nectar back to the hive.

Then the processor bee places the liquid into the honeycomb cell.

Next, it flaps its wings to evaporate the the water and turn the liquid into sticky honey.

Finally, the honeycomb cell is sealed with a wax lid to store it safely.

If you need to go make some edits to your task A, that's absolutely fine.

You can pause the video now and do that.

Otherwise, really well done on completing the first section of this lesson.

So now, the second section.

We are ordering the honey-making process.

So honeybees have been working like this for millions and millions of years.

It's hard work for the bees, and they never get days off because we always need honey to be being produced and nectar to be found.

Did you know that an average beehive can produce up to 11 kilogrammes of honey per season? That is a lot of honey, and it's because they worked so hard to produce it.

It's really important that we understand the order of the process before we can go and explain it to somebody else, or even write about it in our explanation text.

So the order means that the steps happen in a particular order, what comes first, what comes next, what comes at the end? We need to make sure we really are confident with the order of this process.

So let's just recap them in detail.

Steps one and two.

In step one, nectar is collected from flowers and it is stored in the honey stomach.

Then in step two, nectar mixes with the enzymes and proteins in the honey stomach, and there it's broken down into smaller molecules.

So step one and step two both take place outside of the hive.

So true or false, enzymes and proteins in the stomach start to break down the nectar after it has been collected from the flower.

Is that true or false? Pause the video now.

That's correct, it is true.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, the first step of the honey-making process is collecting the nectar from the flowers.

Or B, enzymes and proteins break down the nectar first.

Pause the video now.

That's correct, it is A, the very first step of the honey-making process is when the worker bee flies to all the different flowers looking for nectar.

Well done.

Now, steps three and four.

In step three, the nectar is transported, carried back to the hive.

Remember, in the honey stomach.

Then in step four, the nectar is placed into the hexagonal wax comb.

Hexagonal means six-sided.

So it's placed really carefully into that comb.

There, the worker bees flap their wings really quickly to evaporate the water.

They need the water to go.

Let's check for understanding.

Once the nectar has been transported back to the hive, the bees, A, spit out the sugary liquid, B, swallow the sugary liquid, C, place the sugary liquid into the honeycomb cells, or D, mix up the sugary liquid.

Pause the video now That is correct, it is C.

Once it's back in the hive, what's been transported back to the hive, the bees place the sugary liquid into that honeycomb, the honeycomb cells.

Well done.

Step five.

Our final step, step five.

Then finally, the cells are covered with a wax lid for storage.

Interesting fact, I think this is really interesting, if the wax lid is sealed properly and correctly, the honey will never spoil or expire.

That means it won't go mouldy, it won't go off, it will still be possible to be eaten, which is pretty amazing.

So let's check for understanding, true or false, once the honeycomb cell is sealed with a wax lid, the honey starts to spoil.

Is that true or false? Pause the video now.

That's correct, it's false.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, honey can spoil if it is not under the suitable conditions.

Or B, if the wax lid seals the cell properly, honey will never expire.

Pause the video now.

Correct, it is B.

Well done, everybody.

It's time for task B, part one.

In part one, you need to place these steps in the correct order on the ordering board.

So there are five steps here.

We've got three of the steps on this slide, so I'll read those to you now.

The three steps on this slide are, the nectar is placed into the hexagonal wax comb.

Worker bees flap their wings to evaporate the water.

And the nectar is transported back to the hive, and nectar is collected from flowers and stored in the honey stomach.

And then on the next page, on this next slide, we have two more steps.

The cells are then covered with a wax lid for storage, and nectar mixes with the enzymes and proteins, and it's broken down into smaller molecules.

So you can see these steps right now are not in the correct order.

You need to think back to what we've learned so far in this lesson and think what was the first step, and that is gonna be placed in the first section of your ordering board.

So pause the video now and have a go at ordering these steps of the honey-making process correctly.

Off you go.

Well done, everybody.

Let's go through the steps in the correct order.

Step number one, nectar is collected from flowers and stored in the honey stomach.

Step two, nectar mixes with the enzymes and proteins, and there it is broken down into smaller molecules that's inside the honey stomach.

Step three, the nectar is then transported back to the hive.

Step four, the nectar is placed into the hexagonal wax comb.

Worker bees flap their wings to evaporate the water.

And step five, our final step, the cells are then covered with a wax lid for storage.

Don't worry if you placed any of these steps in the, not quite correctly.

You can have a chance now to pause the video and rearrange them so that they are correct so that you are really confident with the order of these steps.

So if you need to, pause the video now and edit those mistakes.

Otherwise, really well done.

And it's now time for step two, the second, sorry- The second stage of task B.

In this section of task B, you need to use your words.

You are going to explain, say, and tell maybe your partner, or the screen, or an adult, I want you to explain the steps of the honey-making process in order.

And I've given you a picture, the picture that you should be familiar with by now to help you explain each step.

So there are five steps, and I need you to explain what happens in each step.

So pause the video now, and off you go.

Great job, everybody.

Let's go through how these steps, what happens in each step, sorry.

Don't worry if you didn't say exactly what's been written on the screen, because of course, when we say things, we might have explained it in a bit more detail.

That's okay, but I wonder if how close you were to explaining these steps correctly.

So in step one, nectar is collected from the flowers and stored in the honey stomach.

Step two, nectar mixes with the enzymes and proteins and it's broken down into smaller molecules.

Step three, the nectar is transported back to the hive.

Step four, the nectar is placed into the hexagonal wax comb.

Worker bees flap their wings to evaporate the water.

The cells are then covered with a wax lid for storage.

So those are our five steps of the honey-making process.

Well done, everybody, for explaining these.

I hope it was helpful saying the steps out loud so you can really try to understand each step in as much detail as possible so that we can go and write all about it in our explanation text.

Well done for an excellent lesson.

Here is a summary of everything we have learned.

Making honey is a complex and natural process that needs to be completed in a certain order.

Nectar is a sugary liquid collected by bees from flowers.

Worker bees flap their wings to use evaporation to remove the water in the sugary liquid.

Nectar becomes honey in the honeycomb.

And honey can be stored safely in the honeycomb without expiring if the wax lid is sealed correctly.

Great job, everybody.

Well done.