Lesson video

Hi there, I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you, for today's spelling lesson, you're going to need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears and your thinking brains.

As well as that, something to write with and write on and someone or something to talk to would also be really helpful.

Let's get into today's spelling lesson then.

In this spelling lesson, we're going to be using the suffix ING to form the progressive tense.

The outcome will be, I can apply spelling rules to spell words with the suffix ING.

So here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn, and please keep an eye and ear out for these.

Suffix.

Progressive tense.

Root word.

Vowel sound.

Stressed.

So let's have a chat about what these mean then.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters to be add to the end of a root word to create a new word.

The progressive tense shows action is ongoing.

Today we're going to be adding the suffix ING to show this progressive tense.

We're going to be adding it to some root words.

Those root words are the base word from which other words are formed, often by adding the prefixes or suffixes.

And we're adding the suffix ING today to create that progressive tense, that ongoing tense.

A vowel sound is a specific sound produced by a vowel when pronounced.

Some vowel sounds are stressed.

A stressed sound is an emphasised sound that can clearly be heard.

An unstressed sound is not emphasised or pronounced with much force.

Some vowel sounds are stressed, some are unstressed, and this can affect what happens when we add certain suffixes.

We're looking at some of these today.

Here's the lesson outline.

There's only two learning cycles.

Remember, we're using that ING suffix to form the progressive ongoing tense.

We're going to look at some rules for using that tense and then we're going to practise and apply our spellings.

Let's get on with looking at some rules for using the suffix ING.

Remember that a suffix is a letter or group of letters at the end of a word, which creates another word.

Unlike prefixes though, suffixes often changed the words tense or word class, and dependent on that root word can also change the spelling of that root word.

Cheer.

Here is our root word.

We're adding the suffix full, it creates the word cheerful, a new word, meaning full of cheer.

Here we have the word quick.

Quick is an adjective.

If I add my LY suffix, it changes the word class, becomes an adverb quickly.

Here we have like.

Notice here how the spelling in my root word changes when I add my ED suffix.

It changes both the spelling, I remove an E and then add ED, but also the tense of the word.

There are lots of different types of suffix.

And remember today we're concentrating on using the ING suffix.

And there are different rules for how the root word will change when the suffix is added, and we're going to be looking at some of these rules now.

So let's read some words that contain the suffix that we are going to concentrate on today.

My turn, your turn.

Walking.

I was walking down the streets.

Helping.

Writing.

Baking.

We are baking a cake.

Running.

He is running across the field.

Sitting.

Playing.

Enjoying.

Okay, so you may have noticed that all of these words end in our ING suffix.

The ING suffix shows that the verbs are in the progressive tense.

My turn, your turn.

Progressive tense.

Remember this is one of our key words.

This shows that the action, that doing is ongoing.

These sentences are written in the progressive present tense.

The ongoing action happening now.

He is running to the park.

They are playing.

The being verbs here indicate that the actions are continuing to happen now in the present tense.

Our being verbs here are, is and are.

Look at these sentences written in the progressive past tense.

He was running to the park.

They were playing.

We still have our words here, running and playing.

But the words that are coming before them are being verbs are different, aren't they? They show that it's happening in the past tense, the progressive past tense.

He was running to the park.

They were playing.

We form each progressive tense using an auxiliary verb from the verb to be, along with the form of the main verb with an ING suffix.

An auxiliary verb is the helping verb that is always paired with the main verb in this instance.

So we can have present tense auxiliary verbs, like is and are, or we can have our past tense auxiliary verbs, like was and were, combined with our progressive tense ING suffix.

He was running to the park, progressive past tense.

They were playing, progressive past tense.

So our auxiliary verbs here is, are, was, were.

Can you fill in the gaps for me here? ING or ING is a type of mm that is added to the mm of a word.

When ING is added to the end of a word, it shows the mm tense.

Pause the video, say the sentences and fill in those gaps now.

Off you go.

Brilliant job team, I loved hearing you say that.

So ING is the type of suffix that is added to the end of a word.

When ING is added to the end of a word, it shows the progressive tense.

And remember, dependent on the auxiliary verbs that are being placed before it, it can be present progressive or past progressive.

There are four rules for adding the suffix ING.

You may be familiar or recognise some of these rules from adding other suffixes.

We can just add ING, as in ask, or ask becoming asking or asking.

Walk becoming walking and paint becoming painting.

We can keep the why and add ING, crying, carrying and enjoying.

We don't have to remove the Y here.

We can remove the E and add ING, smiling, baking and hoping, show this.

And in some instances we have to double the consonant, hopping, clapping and also controlling.

Show this.

Let's revise each rule and see what we can remember about adding this suffix.

So look at what happens when the suffix ING is added to these verbs.

We have the verb watch, if I create the progressive tense verb watching, I just add ING.

It's the same for correspond, if I'm corresponding with someone, communicating or talking with them, maybe writing them a letter, then I just add ING.

Interrupt becomes interrupting.

Suggest becomes suggesting.

What do you notice here? Pause the video and have a think.

Brilliant.

We're just having to add that ING, aren't we? So our rule here is just add ING.

The root word won't change.

This usually happens when the root word ends in two clear consonant letters.

If we look at watch, for instance, it ends in C and H, correspond ends in N and D.

Interrupt ends in P and T and suggest ends in S and T.

What will the spelling of these words be when we add our suffix ING then? How will I spell enjoying, interrupting and recommending, also developing.

Remember the spelling of the root word helps us to spell the new word.

Pause the video and have a think.

Brilliant.

Of course, we're just going to have to add our ING here.

Excellent.

Look at what happens when we add our ING suffix to verbs ending in a Y.

Here we have occupy, it becomes occupying.

Fry becomes frying.

Copy becomes copying.

What do you notice here? This is quite odd, isn't it? Quite often we see the Y being removed before something is added.

It's not in this instance though, we can see here that we just have to add ING.

Our root words have not changed to create our progressive tense words.

Like many other verbs, we can just add the suffix ING to the root word ending in Y without changing it.

This can be when the Y is making an E or an I sound.

But watch out though, when we add the suffix ED, we often remove the Y and add IED.

But if we did this for ING, we would get a double I.

Let's have a look at some examples of words.

The word carry, for instance, with that Y making that E sound.

For our ED, past tense verb ending, we would remove the Y and add IED.

And the same with try for that Y making that I sound, remove the Y and add IED.

But we don't need to do this when we're using our ING suffix to create the progressive tense.

We can keep the Y and just add our ING, we don't need to remove it to create carrying and trying.

How will these words change when the suffix ING is added? Remember, the spelling of the root word helps us to spell the new word.

How will I spell crying, occupying, carrying? Remember the rules we've looked at.

Pause the video and have a think.

Great job team.

Of course we can just add our ING, we don't need to remove the Y.

Unlike our ED suffix, we keep the Y here, we keep the Y and just add I.

So now look at what happens when the suffix ING is added to these verbs.

Recognise becomes recognising.

What have we lost there from the root word? Achieve becomes achieving.

Interfere, getting in someone's way, interfering.

Notice what's happened here.

Have a think.

Yep, you've got it, we've removed the E before adding our ING suffix.

We don't want to have our E and our I next to each other, those two vowels.

The root word has changed, the E's removed and then we add our suffix.

Otherwise achieve would look like this.

A-C-H-I-E-V-E-I-N-G, which might make it more difficult to pronounce and say.

So how will these words that end in an E change when our suffix ING is added? Remember, look carefully at the spelling of the root word to help you spell to the new word.

What's our rule here? Pause the video and have a think.

Great.

So dance or dance becomes dancing or dancing, no E.

Achieve becomes achieving, no E.

And appreciate becomes appreciating in the progressive tense, no E.

Our rule here is then, remove the E and add ING.

So I want you to read the word pairs below.

Smile and smiling, try and trying, study and studying.

Which rule has been used when they've added the ING suffix? Have they kept the Y and added ING or removed the E and added ING? Match them now.

Off you go.

Okay let's see how you've done then.

Smile and smiling.

Well I've clearly removed the E from my root word, smile there, to create my progressive tense smiling.

Try and trying, we keep the Y remember, we don't have to get rid of it and just add ING.

And it's the same with study as well, we keep the Y and add ING.

And remember that Y can be making an I or an E sound, vowel sound at the end of those words.

Have a look at these words for me.

Have you kept the Y and added ING or remove the E and added ING? Match them up now.

Go.

Brilliant job.

So write becoming writing.

Watch out for that naughty sign letter at the beginning as well.

Yep, absolutely, remove the E and add ING.

Empty and emptying, our Y there making that E sound, just add ING.

And take and taking, chop off that E and add ING.

Great.

So look at what happens when the suffix ING is added to these verbs then, hop becomes hopping.

What's happened there to my root word? Equip, equipping.

Skip, skipping.

What do you notice is happening here? Look carefully at how the root word's changed.

Have a think.

Brilliant.

Well we can see here that our final consonant letter has doubled, hasn't it? We've added an extra P each time before adding our ING.

I wonder why that might be? The final consonant has been doubled.

This is because our root words here have a short vowel before that final single consonant, hop, O, O, equip, I, I.

Skip, I, I, before the single letter P.

When we have a short vowel, A, E, I, O, U, we then double that final single consonant and then add our ING.

When the root word has a short vowel sound, A, E, I, O, U and a single consonant, the final consonant letter is doubled when the suffix ING is added.

Run become running, we have U, U, as our short vowel.

Beg, E, E, becomes begging.

Stop becomes stopping.

So we double the consonant and then add ING here.

Well watch out for the exception though, often if a word ends in X, it doesn't follow this rule.

For instance, mix becomes mixing.

Relax becomes relaxing.

So watch out.

Those words ending in X that are proceeded by that short vowel sound, we won't need to double that X.

How will these words change when the suffix ING is added then? Look at the spelling of the root word and say it as well and listen out.

How will I spell sitting, begging, hopping? Pause the video and have a think.

Great.

We, in all of them, have that short vowel sound, don't we? I, E, O, before a single consonant letter.

So we're going to double that consonant letter and then add our ING suffix to create the progressive tense.

So here our rule is double the consonant and then add ING.

The final consonant is also doubled in these words.

Let's see if we can figure out why.

Occur becomes occurring.

Commit becomes committing.

Control becomes controlling These root words have two syllables, occur, commit, control, and that final syllable is stressed, we very clearly hear it.

UR, IT, OL.

They end in a single vowel letter followed by a single consonant letter, so we double that final single constant letter and then add our ING suffix.

There are some exceptions though.

If the last syllable is unstressed, so we don't hear it very clearly, then we just add ING.

For instance, offer.

Oh, I didn't say offer, it's not very clearly stressed, is it? So to create offering, just add ING.

There are some exceptions.

Which rule is used, are we doubling the constant and adding ING or just adding ING for each one? Pause the video.

Attribute the rule to them now.

Off you go.

Brilliant job.

So enter and entering.

Well we're just having to add ING to this one, aren't we? Because our last syllable is not stressed.

Enter, I don't say enter, it's not very stressed, is it? Expel.

Oh, I really clearly hear that second syllable, so I double the final constant letter on add ING.

Visit.

Visit.

Again, the last syllable is not very stressed here.

I didn't say visit, I say visit.

It's not very clear is it? So I just add ING.

This can be a really difficult, difficult part of spelling, listening out for those stressed and unstressed sounds, so be really careful.

Which rule is being used, are we doubling the consonant and adding ING or just adding ING? Read the word pairs below and match them to the rules.

Off you go.

Great team.

So ask and asking.

Well they end in two constant letters, so we just add ING.

Run and running, we have to double that constant letter.

And why? Because we have that short vowel sound before our final single constant letter, so we double it and add ING.

And occur, two syllables, both stressed, especially our second syllable.

Occur.

We really clearly hear it, so we double that R and add ING.

So here are all of the rules that we've looked at for adding our ING suffix to create the progressive tense.

Just add ING, keep the Y and add ING, remove the E and add ING and double the final consonant and add ING.

We can narrow these down to three basic rules, just adding ING and keeping the Y and adding ING, basically just adding ING, like asking or asking and carrying.

Rule two, removing the E and adding ING, giving and closing for instance.

And rule three, doubling the consonant and adding ING, jogging and sitting, which both contain those short vowel sounds.

Great.

So I want you now to add the suffix ING to each word and match it to the rule that it follows.

Off you go team.

Great job.

So bake, hmm, ending and E, I've got to remove that E and add ING to make baking my progressive tense.

I remove the E and add ING.

Worry, with my Y making that E sound there at the end.

I keep the Y and add ING.

Remember our rule.

Help becomes helping, I can just add ING here, ends in two consonant letters.

And control.

Hmm, let's think about this one.

Control, two syllables and that second syllable is stressed, isn't it? So I double the L and add ING, double that final consonant and add ING.

Great job.

So for our practise task now, what I want you to do is to put these root words into the correct column and show what will happen when we add ING.

Are you just adding ING, removing an E and adding ING and or are you doubling a constant and adding ING? Read the words below and think about all the rules that we've looked at.

Off you go team.

Great job.

So let's see how you've done then.

Dream, try and visit all following our rules of just adding ING.

Try ends in that Y remember, but we can just add ING.

Promise, write and achieve all ended in an E, so we had to (whooshing) remove the E and add ING.

And beg, clap and quit all had those E, A and I short vowel sounds before a single constant letter.

So we doubled that final consonant and added ING.

How did you do? Check your tables now, make any corrections.

Off you go.

Onto our final learning cycle then, which is to practise and apply spellings.

Let's read some curriculum words to begin this learning cycle.

My turn, your turn.

Appreciate.

I hope you appreciate that gift.

We could also make the word appreciating, couldn't we, by adding our ING suffix.

Curiosity with our ITY suffix.

My turn, your turn.

Curiosity.

Curiosity killed the cat.

What do you notice about these spellings? Is there anything interesting about the way that they're spelt compared to how they sound? Is there anything maybe tricky about them? Have a think.

Great job.

So I've noticed a couple of things.

The C here is making a SH sound in appreciate.

The root word of curiosity is curious, which is an OUS word, but when we add our ITY suffix, we remove the U from that spelling of the root word.

So as these are curriculum words, it's important we really learn to spell them, so I'm going to test you on them now.

Which of these words are spelled correctly? Point to the correct spelling of appreciate.

Go.

Great.

So appreciate, remember it's that C making that SH sound and it has a double P.

Point to the correct spelling of curiosity.

Go.

Brilliant.

Remember our root word here is curious, OUS, but when we add our ITY suffix, we remove that U, don't we? Excellent.

So we are now going to practise spelling words using the three patterns.

Are you just going to add ING? Are you going to remove the E and add ING, or are you going to double the consonant and add ING? Remember we remove the E when our root words end in an E.

Remember we double the final consonant when our root words end in a short vowel, or we have a stressed second syllable.

Can you choose the correct spelling in each sentence now? Read the sentences, think about the rules we've looked at.

Off you go.

Great job.

Have a go at criticising the argument.

So criticising, criticise is our root word here and ends in an E.

We don't have our E and our I together, so we chop off the E and add ING.

We are grouping the materials.

Our root word here is group ending in that consonant, we're just going to add ING.

And remember grouping is that strange OU spelling for that OO sound.

The teacher is classifying the plants.

Our root word here is classify, it's that I sound but spelt with a Y.

Remember when we're adding ING, we can just add ING, we don't need to do anything to the Y.

Which child were you referring to? Okay, listen, refer.

Oh, it's a stressed second syllable, isn't it? I really clearly hear it, so I double my final consonant and add ING.

Again, read the sentences, choose the correct spelling in each sentence, think about the rules that we've looked at.

Off you go team.

Great.

I am walking to the library to get a new book.

Ends in two consonant letters, doesn't it? So we just add ING.

We're equipping ourselves for bad weather.

Equip.

Oh, equip.

It ends, doesn't it? That second syllable there is stressed, I can clearly hear it, that short vowel sound.

I double the P and add ING.

Let's look at C, they were very accommodating, which means they went out of their way to really make sure you had a good stay.

So accommodate is our root word here and it ends in an E, so we remove the E and add ING.

Be careful with the double C and the double M in that word as well.

We are staying up late to celebrate.

A here with that Y ending, keep the Y and just add ING.

So for our practise task now I'm going to see if you can apply some of the rules that we've been looking at.

Please remember to sound out the words, think of the root word if there's an obvious one, remember those spelling rules.

Remember that if you know the root word, it's going to help you to spell the new word when we add our ING suffix to create the progressive tense.

And read the word and check.

So the first word is grouping.

The teacher is grouping them together.

Number two, explaining.

She did a very good job of explaining the answer.

Number three, occupying.

He is occupying that area.

Number four, achieving.

They are achieving their goals.

And number five, quitting.

They were quitting the game.

So grouping, explaining, occupying, achieving, quitting.

Off you go.

Great job.

Really good application of adding this suffix, ING, and great remembering of the rules that we've been looking at.

I really love seeing children really taking into account the root words there, because it really helped them know how to add that suffix.

So grouping.

Okay remember, that is this OO spelling but it's OU.

Our root word is group and we just add ING.

So it's G-R-O-U-P-I-N-G.

Watch out, it's that strange OU there, group.

Explaining was the next one.

Explain ending in that consonant letter, I just have to add ING here, our root word is explain.

Occupy, our root word is occupy and we're trying to make occupying.

Occupy.

Remember it has a double C and it's that I, which is that Y spelling.

What do we do for a Y spelling? We can just add ING.

So this is the correct spelling.

The next one, achieving.

Now our root word here is achieve.

I before E, except after C, remember? If you can follow that rule, achieve, A-C-H-I-E-V-E.

The root word ends in E.

Remove the E and add ING.

We don't want to have the E and the I together.

And then quitting, I, I, short vowel sound before a single consonant letter, T, double the T, add ING.

How did you do team? Share your learning, share any magical mistakes and make any corrections now.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

Really impressed with your hard work and spelling today.

Today we've been adding the ING suffix, which turns verbs into the progressive tense.

The progressive tense makes use of an auxiliary verb with the main verb, remember? And we can have both the past and the present progressive.

When adding the suffix ING, different spelling rules are used depending on the spelling of the root word.

There are three key spelling rules when using the ING suffix.

Just adding ING, even if the word, the root word ends in a Y.

Removing the E and adding ING and doubling the consonant and adding ING.

Keep an eye out for these progressive tense verb, both past and present in your reading and keep up the great spelling practise.

I'll see you again soon.