Describes how an experiment is carried out; it is a step-by-step procedure.

A piece of equipment that is designed for a particular use.

To evaluate something is to make a judgement about it with respect to a particular purpose.

To make suitable for use or purpose, e.g. equipment or steps in an experimental procedure.

Adapting a multistep chemical procedure for making a pure dry salt

Chemistry

Describing salts

Hazard symbols and equipment

Acid-base reactions (carbonates as bases)

Chemical reactions of acids with metals and metal carbonates

Concentration of solutions

Concentration of solutions: using moles

Making a pure dry sample of a soluble salt

pH scale and indicators

Solubility rules

Ionic equations: salt formation

Change in pH: practical

Comparing concentration with strength

Titrations: making soluble salts

Titrations: analytical technique

Titrations: calculating an unknown concentration

In the Electrolysis unit, pupils will build on their understanding of chemical reactions to explore the process of electrolysis and its applications.

In the Acids and Bases unit, pupils learned about the properties of acids, bases, and alkalis, and the reactions between them to form salts and water.

This unit explores empirical formulae, balanced chemical and ionic equations, gas identification, acid reactions, and pH as a measure of hydrogen ion concentration. It covers separation techniques and focuses on planning experiments, accurate measurements, safety, and communicating findings.

Making salts

What are the products of a reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid?

What are the main steps required to produce a pure salt when reacting a **soluble** base (alkali) with an acid?

What are the main steps required to produce a pure salt when reacting an **insoluble** base with an acid?

Adding an insoluble base to an acid in {{}} helps make sure that all of the acid has reacted to produce a neutral solution.

using pH paper to confirm the solution made is neutral

testing the melting point of the salt produced

washing all glassware with distilled water before use

adjusting the pH by adding acid drop by drop near the neutralisation point

What helps to ensure that the salt produced in a reaction between an insoluble base and an acid is very pure?

the salt that has been made dissolved in water

a solid sample of the salt that has been made

What is a pure salt formed in a chemical reaction?

The chemical reaction between an acid and a metal oxide, which makes a salt and water, is an example of a {{}} reaction.

there is some insoluble metal oxide on the bottom of the reaction vessel

pH paper dipped into the solution shows pH7

the colour of solution does not change when more insoluble metal oxide is added

How do we know for sure that the reaction between an acid and an insoluble metal oxide is complete?

What is the general name given to a solid caught in filter paper after a filtration?

Evaporating water from a salt solution to leave a pure salt is called {{}}.

forming solid crystals from saturated solution by evaporating solvent

a technique to separate insoluble solids from a liquid mixture

when a substance does not dissolve in a particular solvent

reaction of acid and base, producing solution of metal salt and water

an insoluble solid formed when two solutions react together

Match the following words, used to describe how to make pure salt samples, to their definitions.

Adapting a multistep chemical procedure for making a pure dry salt

Lesson outcome