Lesson video

Hello and welcome to another Citizenship lesson with me, Miss Elmi.

How are you all doing? I hope you're all doing well.

In today's lesson, we're going to be continuing with our unit of work that we've been looking at on how the U.

K is diverse and changing.

So before we get started, I just want to make sure that you have everything you need in front of you, that you have a pen, a paper, and you're on a quiet space where you can focus and concentrate.

So I'll give you a few seconds just to get that sorted and if you have a phone near you just switch off so you're free from any distractions.

Okay so if you're ready, let's get started in today's lesson.

So like I mentioned, this is lesson four of six of our unit of Work, looking at how the U.

K is diverse and changing.

And in today's lesson, we will be exploring why the U.

K is so diverse.

Last lesson, what we learned was how communities developed in the U.

K and how the composition of the population has changed.

We also learned the impact of a changing U.

K population and in today's lesson, what we need to do is just take that little bit further and explore how the U.

K became so diverse, discussing the sources of migration that has led to the diversity of the U.

K and from that, I want us to assess the benefits and challenges of diversity and immigration into the U.

K.

So what is diversity? Diversity is understanding that each individual is unique and recognising our individual differences.

And the U.

K is extremely diverse, it consists of different cultures, religions, languages, history as seen in the different jurisdictions across the U.

K, as well as cities and towns.

So diversity means the following, so just get your pen and make a note of this definition, diversity essentially means many different types of things, people or ideas so you can have diversity of people, you can also have diversity of thought, so diversity of different ideas.

Examples of diversity can be in relation to ethnic diversity, gender diversity, social economic status is something that can be diverse also, religious diversity and political diversity.

Some synonyms that you can use in alternative to using the word diversity are things like varied different, and how we could use this in a sentence is as follows, so for instance, does television adequately reflect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country? So she's going to give you a seconds just to note down that definition, this is also available in your worksheet so if you don't have that time to do it now, you can also just go straight to your worksheet and print it off.

So how did the U.

K become so diverse? The U.

K has come to be one of the most diverse states in Europe and this is due to many reasons, including the Roman invasion, where they brought over the first black migrants, the British empire, the transatlantic slave trade, the Irish famine, the Commonwealth and along with the Windrush immigration and also being part of the European Union and globally got through global migration.

So these are the different ways the U.

K has come to be diverse and we need to look at this in a little bit more detail, in a minute, I'm going to ask you to complete an activity and on your worksheet, you have a list of those reasons that I've just mentioned and how that describes the U.

K becoming more diverse.

All I would like you to do is looking at the timeline, I want you just to plot your examples down in chronological order, so I've got a model here for you and like I mentioned earlier, the Romans invasion brought about the first black people into Britain and so this is plotted in between 43 to 410 AD.

I want you to have a look at the rest of those examples and plot them along the timeline.

So just pause the video now and using your worksheet, review the different ways the U.

K has become diverse and plot them into chronologic order along your timeline and when you're done, just come back and we'll go through some of those points.

Okay and welcome back, okay so let's go over our timeline, so we've already plotted down the Roman invasion, which brought about the first black people to Britain, along with other individuals from across Europe and North Africa.

The second point you could have plotted down was the transatlantic slave trade, which saw an increase in the diversity of the U.

K because more African and African people arrived because of Britain's involvement in the transatlantic slave trade.

Okay, the second point you could've put put down was around the 1700, where we saw greater diversity due to Britain's growing empire.

Britain having connections with different parts of the world, so more migrants come to the U.

K to trade, to build those trade relationships with Britain.

And around 1840, we saw the first wave of Irish migrants coming into the U.

K because of the Irish famine.

Fast forward to the second world war, where we can see here that immigration increased due to people fleeing persecution by the Nazis.

So we saw Jewish migrants coming to the U.

K along with other migrants because of the second world war.

So from '94, five to '97, when was so Commonwealth migration.

Now the Commonwealth are the former colonies of Britain so they were part of the British empire and once they gained their independence, they built a working relationship with Britain and so we saw migrants come from the Commonwealth country to help rebuild Britain, post world war two and to fill some of the jobs and the skills gap, and so from 1946 to '97 to when we saw the wind rush of migrants coming from the Caribbean to fill some of those key jobs.

Okay and from 1972 to the present age, due to Britain's involvement in the European Union, we saw European migrants come to the U.

K to work and live.

So these are some examples of how the U.

K became so diverse.

So I just want to check your understanding and see how much you've learned from this task,' so point to the screen in a minute, whether you think this statement is true or false, diverse racial and religious groups can be traced back to the Roman invasion, point to the screen in three, two, one, the answer is true, well done.

Question number two, the majority of Afro-Caribbean communities came to the U.

K during the Windrush post world war two, true or false, point to the screen in three, two, one, the answer is false, just remember many people from Afr0-Caribbean community came well before the wind rush and they settled and worked in the U.

K and also served in the armed forces.

So what has been the impact? Communities have continued to develop due to the social economic and political factors of migration, so we've seen the U.

K change due to global migration, as well as due to migration within the U.

K, and there have been some benefits and challenges to both living in a diverse nation and increased migration into the U.

K.

So what are the benefits and challenges of diversity in the U.

K? Well, firstly let's look at some challenges, there have been, and there are still many challenges to live in a diverse society, racism, discrimination, prejudice are some examples of those challenges.

Heightened tensions had been seen in the U.

K post world war two, with migrant communities facing some of the most severe racism and discrimination.

In the late '50s signs such as the one in the top left here were very common.

And over the years we saw a series of race rise occur, most notably the 1958, Notting Hill race riot, which was sparked by a racially motivated attack on the Caribbean community, and in '95, we saw the tragic murder of Stephen Lawrence, which was racially motivated and took over 20 years to bring about justice.

Similarly, post 9/11, we saw heightened rise in Islamophobia across Europe as well as a rise in antisemitism.

More recently calls to challenge racism and discrimination has been brought to the forefront and this can be seen with the Black Lives Matter movement whose aim is to tackle some of the injustices and discrimination racism faced by the black community globally.

So these are some of the challenges that we've seen over the years, but has there been progress, as you can see here, there are a series of laws that have been implemented to tackle some of these injustices, we had the Race Relations Act of 1976, The Sex Discrimination Act of 1975 and The Disability Discrimination Act of 1995, that was all enacted in order tackle some of the discrimination faced by those within the nine protected characteristics so age, sex, religion, et cetera, this was combinated and was brought together under one legislation and that was The Equality Act of 2010.

We also saw the introduction of the Equal Pay Act to tackle some of the gender inequalities that existed in society, and the Human Rights Act of 1998 in order to ensure protection and rights for those within the minority groups.

So there has been some progress in regards to the legislations that will have been introduced in order to tackle some of these injustices, but racism, discrimination, prejudice still exists today, which goes to, so that actually there is still much more work that needs to be done in order to build a more tolerant and cohesive society.

So we've looked at some of the challenges, so what are some of the benefits to live in a diverse society? As you can see here, we have the Notting Hill carnival, as an example.

Now the Notting Hill carnival was established in response to the race rise of 1958 in Notting Hill and the aim was to bring about unity, within the community, through celebrating the Caribbean culture, and now this is a good example of how communities can come together to tackle some of those injustices and some of those intolerant beliefs, by celebrating different cultures, you are also building mutual understanding and building mutual respect and tolerance, similarly diverse groups have contributed greatly to the wider community.

They contribute greatly to our public services like the NHS and also benefit the wider cultural experiences from sports to the arts.

So what are some of the benefits and some of the challenges to live in a diverse society? Feel free to note some of these points down.

Diversity can foster new ideas and innovation, it can open up out minds to new and exciting experiences and to new ways of thinking.

Having a diverse society can enrich the culture of a nation through food, music and art.

It can build mutual understanding and respect, but there are some challenges, lack of integration, which means lack of mixing within society can lead to some communities being, and feeling isolated.

Racism and discrimination may lead to some communities, not feeling safe or part of the wider society.

So has immigration which has led to the increased diversity in the U.

K, always been beneficial? Just to quickly recap, what do we mean by immigration? Immigration means moving into a country to live there permanently whereas emigration means moving out of your home country to live somewhere else permanently.

So some people say yes, immigration has significantly benefited the wider society, both economically and socially.

Economic migrants help the economy grow through work, tax and shopping.

Migrants bring specialist skills.

Diversity, tolerance and respect are enhanced through sharing of cultures and integration.

And some people say no, there have been alarming challenges.

Population growth can lead to demands on public services.

Rates of pay may reduce if economic migrants work for lower wages and there can be tensions and rise in discrimination where there is diversity and increase immigration.

So now that we've looked at some of the challenges and benefits of diversity and immigration, what I want us to do is apply our knowledge to these two following questions, what has been the impact of immigration on the diversity of the U.

K? And the second question, is immigration more beneficial or more challenging? So I have some source here to support you answering those two questions and in your answer, I want you to make sure you write full sentences and use some of the key terminologies that we discussed like integration, diversity, community cohesion, those sorts of things into your answer.

Pause the video now and go ahead and answer some of those questions and when you're ready, come back and we'll go through some of the answers.

Okay and well done, so let's go through some of the answers that you could have noted down, what has been the impact on immigration on the diversity of the U.

K? One impact of immigration has been on the cultural diversity of the U.

K, there are now more people with different ethnicities cultures that live together in the U.

K, this is because ethnic diversity can be traced back to the Roman invasion, which brought over the first back communities as workers from North Africa, where the Romans had territorial control, as well as through different forms of immigration.

Now just check your response and if you've got similar points, brilliant, if not, you could add this to your answer.

Question two, is immigration more beneficial or more challenging? Now this is your opinion okay? So you could argue that you think it is more beneficial or you can argue that actually it's more challenging and some points you could have included in your answer are things like, in terms of benefits, the economic benefits of having migrant-communities coming into the U.

K, the skills benefit, so how it can fill some of the skills gap within our economy, and you could have included how it can enhance the cultural diversity and cultural experiences within Britain.

Some things you could have talked about in terms of the challenges was the pressure on public services, as well as lower wages and also the racial and religious tensions that potentially could transpire to having a more diverse community.

Okay and well done for getting this far, brilliant.

Now let's just quickly recap on what we've learned today, we've looked at how the U.

K has become so diverse and we've look at the waves of immigration that have taken place over the years that have led to the cultural diversity of the U.

K.

We've also explored some of the benefits and challenges to live in a diverse society.

So we've now come to the end of the lesson, okay? And if you feel confident, go ahead and complete the quiz, if you're not sure on certain points, feel free to go back and just review some of the key points of the lesson, and I'll see you next lesson where we were looking at how mutual respect and tolerance can be achieved within a diverse community, take care and I'll see you next lesson.