Lesson video

Hey there, welcome to lesson four where today we are going to looking at what are changemakers.

For today's lesson you are going to need a pen and some paper.

And as always, you are going to need to find a quiet space and away from any distractions.

Whilst you find that space, and whilst you find your equipment, hit pause on the video find a space and then hit resume once you are ready to start today's lesson.

In today's lesson what we're going to do is explore three key elements.

We're going to look at what does the word change mean to you, we're going to look up what or who can be involved in enforcing change.

Then we're going to take a look at some case studies and look at who are change-makers and we'll look at, what changes they have sought to bring into their communities.

And then we're going to look at what can you do to create change, and when to look up maybe Stein in active citizenship campaign.

Now to get us thinking today, I've got four people on screen.

So I've got Jimmy Oliver, Gretta Thunberg, Mahatma Gandhi, and Rosa Parks.

Hopefully you've heard of all four of those people but what I'd like you to do is just very quickly write down what connects those four people.

Hopefully, you've identified that they are all going to bring change or they have all sought to bring change, in their relevant areas of expertise or passion.

Now, just to get us starting to think about this word change in citizenship what I'd like to do is think about what do we mean by the word change? So what I'd like you to do is write down five sentences on who is involved in change, what change means, when can change happen, where in change happen, and why can change happen? So five sentences each starting with who, what, when, where and why.

All about in citizenship what do we mean by the word change? Pause the video now to complete your task and then hit resume once you have finished that.

So some feedback for you then in terms of citizenship, who, we can cut it up all citizens in the United Kingdom have the ability to make a change, okay? It doesn't matter the fact that you're at school or if you've had 80 years worth of life experience, everybody has the ability to create change.

With what people choose issues that are personal to them so maybe it could be rights being withheld or standing up for a minority group.

And people choose those issues because they want to make a difference.

When well a campaign can be instant or it can take several weeks months, or years.

So in previous lessons, we've looked at the Dagenham Girls where it took them 16 years to gain equal pay in comparison to the men at their factory.

So change can be instant, or it can take several years.

Change can happen wherever, so it can happen at a local level, a regional level, or even a national level.

And if you are really passionate and you get the support it can even happen at an international level.

And, why is probably the most important thing on why does change happen? Well, people want to play an active role in society.

Remember that we have the right to protest.

So we have the right to stand up for our rights.

Right to play that active role in society to create a change that is worthwhile and necessary.

Now, I'd like you to write this definition down so you know, what a change maker is.

And a change maker can be considered to somebody that makes a difference to their communities at national, or even at an international level.

So I'll give you a quick moment just to jot that statement down.

And then what I'm going to do is introduce the second task of today's lesson.

So I'd like you to think about, can you think of anybody who you may consider to be a change maker? So make a list of anybody that may have enforced change at a national or an international level, and then make a note of what they campaigned for.

So try to think of at least three people for this.

So jot down who they are and what they campaigned for and why they are a change maker.

So pause the video now to complete your task and hit resume once you are finished.

Now, these are three people that spring to mind for me.

So you've got Emmeline Pankhurst, you've got Martin Luther King Jr, and Nelson Mandela.

All three of those stood up for rights that were important to them, not only individually, but for a group and for countries.

So if you think about all they done so if you think about Pankhurst and her standing up for women's voting rights.

If you think about Nelson Mandela standing up, to get rid of apartheid and spending all of those years in prison, fighting for the cause to change.

These three people here have certain characteristics, now they're all different in their approaches.

But if you think about change and you think about what character and what characteristics you need to enforce change, what I'd like you to do is think about what would make an effective changemaker.

Now, these might be different for all of you, okay? But what I'd like you to do, and it's really important you get at least nine qualities here, just so we can complete the task later on in the lesson.

But what I'd like you to do is make a list of at least nine qualities that you consider to be an important characteristic for an effective change maker.

So you can use some of the examples that you've got, or you could use some of my examples and look at what sort of character do you need to be to enforce change? So pause the video here, complete the task, and hit resume once you're finished.

But stay with me, if you want a little bit more guidance So, for instance, change makers need to make public speeches, so what qualities would you need to make a public speech? And also makers also need support.

So what qualities do you need to gather support? What sort of character, what sort of person do you need to be to gather that support? So again, if you want to use the scaffold and hit the video, sorry, hit pause in the video, complete the task, and then click resume once you are done.

So these are just some qualities I've got for you, okay? And these are not a complete list, obviously these are just what I think.

But I would say that you need to be good at public speaking, you need to be confident, you need to be a good listener, you need to be trustworthy, passionate about the cause that you are advocating for.

You've got to have that resilience that don't give up attitude.

You've got to be really determined to see your cause through, and you've got to demonstrate some leadership skills, okay? Now obviously you have got more than I have, okay? But if you want to use some of mine as well you can jot those down next to your own answers.

So second part of the lesson what we're going to do is look at case studies of change-makers and I'm going to give you three people that you may or may not have heard of but we're going to look at what they have done, and how they have brought about change in their area either at a local, national or international level.

First of all, we have got Frank Mugisha.

Now Frank is from Uganda and in December of 2013, Uganda's parliament did something really unthinkable for us in the United Kingdom.

In that it passed a law that criminalised homosexuality.

So they made it a law that was illegal to be gay or lesbian.

Now, Frank thought that this shouldn't be the case and Frank stood up for his rights.

Now he faced death threats because of it, and he faced other forms of intimidation.

He lost his job and he lost friends and he lost his family all because he wanted to stand up for the rights of the LGBT people in Uganda and for the fact that he was gay himself.

Okay, talk to the camera, okay.

My name is Frank Mugisha.

I work with an organisation called Sexual Minorities Uganda.

Which is an LGBT lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender advocacy network of organisations in Uganda.

The challenges are still very many.

In Uganda as long as someone stands out and speaks out on LGBT rights, or any person who comes out to anyone is potentially at risk.

So there are challenges as simple as coming out to your friends, your family, or even being the fear of being outed by the media.

If you are being outed on social media or by your friends.

So the challenges in Uganda is still for LGBT persons is still about surviving as an LGBT person.

However, we still have the difficulties of dealing with the political situation.

The fear that the members of parliament could bring up an anti-gay legislation.

The fear that police could arrest someone, the arbitrary arrests, the first anal examinations that LGBT persons undergo when they are arrested, being paraded before the media.

And of course the whole ignorance about LGBT rights by the general public that we have to do a lot of sensitization to change the mindsets of the way some of the Ugandans think when they think about LGBT rights.

Being arrested for my work was one of the the hardest moment, since I've been doing this work.

First of all, there was too much fear.

The way I was arrested was so scary, that we had all these many police officers, dragging me down the building and pushing me and shoving me on a police truck in a very violent way, you know? Handcuffed and then the derogatory treatment by the inmates, while in police custody.

And of course the torture that we underwent with my friends.

And for me, that was the theme when I had to think about my life, my safety, that I've taken for granted many times.

That is the moment when I saw the value of life and the value of being alive because I didn't know what was going to happen in the cell, being in being with the inmates who are very violent.

and who seemed that they had the impunity to do anything to any inmate in there, and not only towards the LGBT persons that I was with or myself, but also the other inmates.

And it's a very crowded police cell.

And I was also worried about, you know, getting any kind of diseases.

And then thinking about possibility of sexual assault, thinking about possibility of torture.

But fortunately I wasn't detained for a long time.

I'd like to see the Trump's administration work on promoting LGBT rights, not only in Uganda, but also focus on global promotion of LGBT rights.

I know supports directly support activists and also be interested in the human rights of LGBT persons and also dialogue and talk to governments that are violating LGBT persons rights.

What I would like to say is that we don't, we cannot always you know, be very dependent on politicians.

In terms of supporting our work, we would like to get civil society groups, human rights groups, and the ordinary LGBT persons, you know? Especially in the United States to think about, you know? Supporting the global LGBT movement.

And I'm not saying, you know? That come and support Uganda, I'm saying, get involved.

Get involved in your own neighbourhood in your own society, get involved with your own politicians, with your own local government.

Get involved with your best charity that you want support and support them, because everything that you have achieved here in the US could be taken away, just because you're taking things for granted.

And we see what is happening in church and yet, this shouldn't be happening in 2017, this could happen anywhere else.

So we need to not take things for granted and say we have it all, or have achieved a lot, but the fight still goes on and we should continue getting engaged every day.

Next, we're going to look at Malala.

Now in 2014, Malala founded the Malala Fund.

And that was a charity that was dedicated to giving every girl an opportunity to achieve a future that she chooses.

Now, Malala advocated for the rights for females, for girls to get an education.

She believed that it didn't matter if you were male or female that you should receive the same standard of education.

Now in the United Kingdom, we might think, well obviously we get the same level of education, depending on whether you're male or female.

But Malala suffered injustice at the hands of people who thought that women shouldn't have an education.

And because of all of the work that she's done to get people into education, to get girls into education.

She received the Nobel peace prize in December 2014, and became the youngest ever Nobel Laureate.

At that time, there was terrorism.

Women were not allowed to go outside of their houses.

Girl's education was totally banned.

I needed to raise my voice, because I wanted to go back to school.

I had really two options, one was, not to speak and wait to be killed.

And the second was, to speak up and then be killed, and I chose the second one.

The terrorists thought that they would change my aims and stop my ambitions, but nothing changed in my life except this, weakness, fear, and hopelessness died.

Strength power and courage was born.

Finally, we've got Stuart Lawrence.

Now Stuart Lawrence is the brother of Stephen Lawrence who was unfortunately murdered at the hands of a group of teenagers.

And Stuart has been advocating for the rights, for equality since his brother died in 1993.

Now, because of his campaign, Stewart finally got recognition and got Stephen Lawrence Day, so a day for his brother on the 22nd of April.

And what that day looks at is inspiring and supporting young people to make choices and actions, that enable them and others to live their best lives.

Now, Stuart also encourages, enables children and young people to play an active role in building strong in communities.

And what he really, really is passionate about is giving children and young people, a strong voice in driving social change.

Now, I was really lucky to create a podcast with Stuart, where we spoke about various things, including his brother Stephen.

And what Stuart worked with, in memory of Stephen, was to create mile markers for the Great North.

Not the great North run, the London Marathon, sorry.

And he wanted to give young architect's the chance to, have the opportunity to build something in memory, and give younger architect students exposure into the life of an architect.

So I'm going to show you a clip from our podcast, where we talk about that issue.

As easy as possible.

Yeah, I mean, there's lots of good things that came out from Stephen.

And we're going to look at some of those later on but I just wanted to say that, one of our teachers run the London Marathon it was last year or the year before.

And her ultimate goal was to get to mile 18.

Is it mile 18, I think? Yeah, so last year it was, that was, it seems so long ago now since everything's gone up but yeah 2018, the London Marathon we worked with London marathon with some architecture students they allowed us to design the mile marker, the 18-mile marker.

And so basically to be architect takes seven years you know? The first couple of years you don't get to do much there isn't is a much exposure or opportunities to really hone your craft of being an architect.

An so we realised this, and so we made this competition up for part one students.

To give them a really good step in that next part two, before they go to their part three, to give them access to what it's like to be at part three before they even got there.

So yeah, this is competition we rounded the country all the universities were invited to take part.

And yeah so three, two girls and a guy won the competition to design mile 18.

And yeah, that was just such an emotional thing and it was even said, this year would have been even more emotional because, you can still work with London Marathon.

And then in this year they allowed us to design all the mile markers, the whole race.

So all 26 would have been designed by an architectural student in Stephen's name.

And so for those things to happen, you know I remember going to watch the marathon with Stephen.

Used to go early in the morning, we used to go through Woolwich, that was one of the main routes past.

There was a big water station by the army barracks, we used to go and help out, give out water to the runners.

So what a full circle thing to be, be there handing out water to these people.

All of a sudden, now people are running through these markers that's been built in Stephen's name.

I mean, it's crazy.

To what has happened since he's lost his life.

And that's why I always tried to say to young people, like, yeah something tragic really did happen, and we as a family suffered some real hardships but, out of it, so much good has happened, it hasn't been in vain and that's one of the positive things.

Of course young people lose their lives.

But, their names are not always remembered but their families will remember but not by a society.

Okay, so you've got some inspiration there from three people who have felt a need to become a change maker.

So we're going to look at what you can do to be a change maker.

Now using the nine qualities, or choosing nine qualities, what we're going to look at is rank ordering them.

So I'd like you to create a diamond nine, okay? And they look like, there it is on the screen there on the right hand side.

So at the top number one would be your most important quality.

And then that would filter down two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, and then down the bottom nine being your least important quality.

So using nine, so if you've got more than nine you need to find just nine to use, okay? Rank order the qualities that you would need to be a change-maker starting from number one being the most important, down to number nine being the least important.

And press pause on the video to complete your task and hit resume once you are finished.

This is the "Ripple of Hope" speech, okay? Which looks at how everybody can create a change in their community.

Each time a man stands up, for an ideal or acts to improve the lot of others, or strikes out against injustice, he sends forth a tiny ripple of hope in crossing each other from a million different centres of energy and daring.

Those ripples build a current, which can sweep down the mightiest walls of oppression and resistance.

Robert F.

Kennedy human rights has been dedicated to standing with those who stand against oppression.

From advocacy and litigation, to sustainable investing to human rights education, Robert F.

Kennedy Human Rights commitment to a more just and peaceful world is stronger than ever.

We fight for lasting legal change by bringing law and order to the defence of the oppressed.

Like demanding justice for families of 43 students in Mexico who went missing at the hands of the corrupt local police with links to organised crime.

Ending femicide in Guatemala where more than 700 women were killed in 2012 alone, simply because they were women.

Partnering with Frank Mugisha as he seeks to end violence and discrimination against LGBT Ugandans and ensure equality for all.

Fighting racial injustice and the criminalization of poverty through reforming pretrial detention policies and working to end mass incarceration in New York and beyond.

Today, we partner with international organisations and the bravest people on earth, human rights defenders, who risk imprisonment, torture and even death while fighting for basic human rights.

We are students and activists, lawyers and business leaders, teachers, and advocates, all working toward a common goal, achieving Robert F Kennedy's dream, of a more just peaceful world.

My brother need not be idealised or enlarged in death beyond what he was in life.

Be remembered simply as a good and decent man, who saw a wrong and tried to right it, saw suffering and tried to heal it, saw war tried to stop it.

Expose injustice, teach change, right wrong, join us.

Okay, so how can you become an active citizen? So, as a citizen it's really important that you use your right to protest in a really productive way.

And we all should be active in our communities to help them grow and to be the best place that they can be.

So you can see there that our active citizenship wheel has various stages, so it's not just a, wheel set up one day and we'll decide to do it, it does go through various stages.

So you've got to choose an issue then you've got to look of who can help.

How do you know if you're going to be successful? Plan it, put it into action and then evaluate your steps.

But what I'd like to do is really get to grips with what issues affect your local community.

So if we're going to make a local change and that could be even in your schools, okay? What issues affect your community? And what I'd like you to do is just make list of those now so that we can have a real clear idea, how you can become an active citizen.

So pause the video now and a make list of maybe three ideas of things that either affect your local community schools or your surrounding areas.

So how do we become an active citizen? We're going to go back to this word change.

So we need to identify who is going to be involved.

So is it just you, or is it going to be part of a team? What needs to be done, so a step-by-step guide on what you need to do.

When are you going to try and do it? Remember that sometimes change take a really really long time to come about.

Where are you going to do it? Are you going to start something in person? Are you going to do things online with like an E petition? And then why, why does your issue need change? So why is it important that this has to happen, okay? So using that as a guideline your filing task for today is to start to plan your active citizenship project.

So find out about your chosen issue, Who's going to get involved with you, what are going to be your next steps, and then maybe perhaps create a timeline or a checklist to complete as you go along so you can keep on track.

So for the final time, hit pause on the video, complete that task, and then hit resume once you are done.

So I've given you a quick example here, so who might be involved? So I might get my student council at school involved.

What, well, we're going to raise awareness about bullying within school, because that's a really important issue to make sure we crack down and get rid of it.

When's it going to happen? Well, the next time that I would get a school council meeting, I would put that in on the agenda.

I'm going to do this in person where I can, okay? And why does it need change? Well, bullying needs to be stamped out, okay? There are no room for bullies.

So that's a quick idea about what can be included on your active citizenship plan.

And as a takeaway task by today's lesson.

What I'd like you to do is in relation to who can be involved, I'd like you to research on who is on your local council and who is in charge of the issue that you are raising.

So if it's a school issue, who do you need to talk to, okay? And then how can you get your local council involved if it's necessary to do so.

After that, have look at current campaigns that are happening in your local area because some people might be doing certain issues that are very similar to the ones that you are trying to campaign for.

And if there is an issue, how can you join their issue? How can you join their campaign? How can you get on board with what they are doing? How can you join forces? Okay, so a little bit of some so look at who's on your local council, what are they campaigning for? And then how can you get them on board? Or how can you get on board with things that they are doing themselves? So today's lesson, what have we looked at? Well, we've looked at, what does the word change mean to you? We've explored what the word change means, and we have looked at who's involved in enforcing change.

Then we've looked at case studies of three people who can be considered to be change makers.

And we've looked at what issues and ideas they've brought to change in their community.

Then finally, we've looked at this act of citizenship and looking at what change can you bring to your local area? Now, as a citizenship teacher, I'm really really sort of passionate about seeing young people, use their voice and get issues, resolved and bring issues to their local community and make their communities a better place.

Now, if you'd like to, please ask your parent or carer to share your work on Instagram or on Facebook or on Twitter using the @OakNational tag.

And also my personal tag @DHE_teach, and #LearnwithOak, because I'm really wanting to see what differences that you are making to your communities.

And I'm really, really interested in all of the great work that you've done today on changemakers.

One final thing before we sign off, can you please make sure that you complete the exit quiz just to make sure that you've consolidated all of today's knowledge, just so that you're fully equipped and secure with what changemakers and who changemakers are.

Really well done for today, guys.

I know it's a big step up but you've done really, really well.

And I look forward to seeing you again, next time.

Take care.