Hello, my name is Ms. Ikomi I'm a teacher from London and I'm gonna be guiding you through today's lesson.

Let's get started.

Today's lesson is called Are You Getting Your Right to Accurate and Reliable Information? It is part of the wider unit, What Rights do All Children Have? By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to explain ways that you make sure you are getting accurate and reliable information and why this is important.

The keywords we're gonna hear in today's lesson are, right, this is something that we are guaranteed by law.

Information, this is knowledge communicated concerning a particular fact or subject, is often presented to us in the media.

Reliable information, this is knowledge communicated about a particular fact or subject often presented to us in the media that can be trusted, believed, and verified with external sources.

And last reliable, this is something which is able to be trusted, believed, and verified.

Keep an eye out for these keywords in today's lesson.

We are going to start by thinking about why we need accurate and reliable information.

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child sometimes called the UNCRC, says that all children are universally entitled to certain rights.

These rights should be protected by law.

Universal means that all students are entitled to them no matter their background.

These rights written into the UNCRC have been agreed to by 196 countries.

That's almost all the countries in the world.

And that means that they have been guaranteed for almost all children across the world.

A child's right of access to information from the media is outlined in Article 17 of the UNCRC.

An Article is the name for the different rights that are listed.

It says that, "Every child has the right to reliable information from a variety of sources and governments should encourage the media to provide information that children can understand.

Governments must help protect children from materials that could harm them." We can see there's quite a lot going on within this Article.

Lucas is saying, "So there are really three parts to a child's right to reliable information?" Sophia agrees, "The first is that we have the right to accurate and reliable information from different sources.

The second is that the government should encourage the media to provide that information in a way that children can understand.

And the final one is that the government actually has a duty to protect children from harm within the media." So we can break down Article 17 into these different parts.

Let's check what we've done so far.

The government's duty to protect children from harm in the media is which part of Article 17 in the UNCRC? Pause your video and choose your answer now.

The correct answer is C, third.

Well done if you got that right.

Jun is asking, "What does accurate and reliable information actually mean? Izzy is telling us that, "Accurate information contains the correct facts and statistics.

Reliable information is information that can be fact-checked, found elsewhere and is from a trusted source." So why do you think that the right to reliable information has been included in the UNCRC? Can you take a second to have a think? Sam says, "I don't really see the point of it being included.

It's fairly obvious when information we're given isn't reliable, so I don't think it should be part of the UNCRC.

There are far more important rights in their opinion." Lucas is telling us the reason why Sam is not completely accurate in that reasoning.

Lucas says, "It's really important to have accurate information.

Inaccurate information can lead to confusion and poor decisions.

For example, during elections, having reliable information helps people to make informed choices about the candidates and policies that affect their future." Sam's asking, "What other problems can unreliable information cause?" "There are lots of other problems that can be caused.

People might make uninformed or harmful choices.

They might not understand how to follow accurate guidance such as how to vote responsibly.

They could also share incorrect information with others that might lead to misunderstandings and poor decisions that affect communities." Sam says that, "I'm glad I've learnt about this." This has brought up some of the reasons why access to reliable information is so important.

It helps children to better understand the world around them that empowers them to exercise their right to participate in decisions that are going to directly affect their life.

For example, in 2022 there was a youth global climate strike.

Children gathered in public areas across different countries to protest against climate change.

This meant that they were striking from school, they didn't go to school on those days.

Children learn about climate change through reliable information.

This help them to exercise their right to inform decisions.

This is why no right from the UNCRC should be understood in isolation because all of the rights are combined.

The UNCRC rights also connect to a human rights that are outlined in another document, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

An example of this combination is the right to accurate and reliable information.

Also, supporting our right to healthcare.

We need to know all the correct information about a condition for example, so therefore we can make informed decisions about our health, maybe staying healthy.

Let's check what we've done so far.

Give two reasons why not having access to accurate and reliable information could cause problems. Pause a video and do this now.

Two reasons could be, people might make uninformed choices during elections 'cause they won't get accurate information about candidates and policies or people might not vote responsibly if they don't have access to this accurate and reliable information.

Children need to be given reliable information for lots of different reasons.

Jacob is telling us, "It helps them understand the world better and improves their critical thinking skills." Meaning they can make an informed choice about whether they agree or disagree with something.

Alex is telling us, "It empowers them to make safe, informed and responsible choices in various aspects of their life." And Aisha is telling us it helps her to spot wrong information.

This would stop confusion and reduce anxiety.

This would support her emotional wellbeing.

True or false? Accurate and reliable information can help us make responsible choices.

Pause your video and choose your answer.

Can you also have a think about why you've chosen that answer? The correct answer is true.

This is because if we are given reliable information, we're able to make informed choices that will help us make responsible choices too.

Let's put this into practise.

Below are four reasons why children need access to accurate and reliable information.

I'd like you to read through the statements and correct any mistakes.

Pause your video and do this now.

I asked you to correct any mistakes that we saw in the statements below.

Let's check what we've done.

The first statement said, children don't need reliable information to be able to access other rights, such as the right to education.

We could have corrected this by saying children do need reliable information because they will then be able to access their other rights, like the right to have a say on issues that affect them and make informed decisions.

This might include the rules that are going to surround their education.

The next statement was, access to accurate and reliable information will only help children understand the communities around them better and more accurately.

We could have said it's not just the communities around them that children will understand better but actually the whole global community if they're given access to accurate and reliable information.

The next statement was, it encourages children to make choices in all areas of their lives.

There are actually no mistakes in this statement.

The final one, it heightens children's anxiety and makes them confused.

We could have said actually the opposite.

It prevents children from being anxious and makes them more aware of their own decision-making.

This can help in their emotional wellbeing.

Well done if you've got those correct.

Next, we're going to think about what barriers children face when using the media.

There are lots of barriers that children may face when using the media.

This is because most media is designed for adults.

This means that sometimes content online is not age appropriate and therefore can be unsafe for children.

Sophia's telling us, "To try to keep children safe, the government put age ranges on certain games, films, and media to instruct adults that they're not safe for children." If a child reads media that is primarily designed for adults, it could cause a number of barriers.

This is because there's a lack of connection.

Stories might focus more on adults as opposed to children, therefore, they're not age appropriate.

Thought, journalists don't always look at the impact of decisions on children.

Understanding, stories aren't always explained in a very child friendly way.

Potentially the language is a little bit difficult to access.

Relatability, very few presenters or journalists are young people themselves.

Therefore, young people may not necessarily relate to the story or the way it's being told.

Presentation, the style of presentation often suits adults, so maybe slightly dull for children.

And money, the cost of purchasing newspapers can be expensive for children, meaning that it's not the best form for them.

Another thing we need to think about is that there's plenty of inaccurate and unreliable information available to us, particularly online.

However, the UN do recommend that governments provide child-friendly media.

This can outdo some of the barriers we've seen on the previous slide.

In the UK, news suitable for children is published by BBC Newsround and companies like First News have written a newspaper just for children.

These Oak National Academy pupils have learned three important words that can explain the inaccurate information that we are given access to.

This helps to describe some of the things that might be happening online.

The first is disinformation.

This is information which is deliberately created to harm a person, group, or organisation.

The second sounds similar, it is misinformation.

This is information that is shared without knowing it's false.

It's not created to cause harm, but it still can cause harm.

The third is malinformation.

This is truthful information which is shared deliberately to harm a person or a group.

Let's check what we've done so far.

What is information that is deliberately created to harm a person, group, or organisation called? Pause your Video and choose the correct answer.

The correct answer is A, disinformation.

Well done if you got that correct.

Many young people now use social media to get all of their news and information.

Some people think that this is accurate, reliable, and safe.

However, this is not always the case.

In 2022, Ofcom, which is a regulator of the media, conducted a study into news habits, it was called "News Usage in the UK".

They found that social media sites are replacing more traditional news sources for 12 to 15 year olds.

A traditional news source might be something like a newspaper or the radio.

Often on social media people don't crosscheck facts which are presented with, this can lead to people believing false information.

What we see on social media is often decided by a computer programme.

This is called an algorithm.

It decides what information that we might enjoy reading based on things that we have looked at before.

This means that we're always going to get the news that aligns with our views and agrees with our opinions rather than the necessary facts.

It also means that we're getting access to information that might not always be the most accurate and reliable.

Sam says, "What's the problem with that? I want to read the news that I'll actually enjoy reading, so if an algorithm gives me that information I agree with, I'm happy and I can't really see why that's an issue." Can you think about why this might be an issue? Jacob is telling us that, "If you only ever read the news that you agree with, you're not going to get a balanced point of view and you'll not get a proper understanding of events.

Just because you agree with the information doesn't mean that it's accurate and reliable." So therefore we want to get a broad and accurate, reliable say on news cases.

True or false? An algorithm will always give you information that demonstrates a balance view.

Pause your video and choose your answer.

Can you also have a think about why you've chosen that answer? The correct answer is false.

This is because algorithm, which is a computer programme, gives you information based on what you would enjoy or agree with.

Therefore, it gives you often an unbalanced view that may not be reliable.

Let's put this into practise.

I'd like you to match the word with correct definition.

Pause your video and do this now.

I asked you to match the word with the correct definition.

Let's check if we've got those right.

Disinformation is information which is deliberately created to harm a person, group, or organisation.

Misinformation is information shared without knowing it's false, is not created to cause harm but may still cause harm.

And malinformation is truthful information which is shared to deliberately harm a person or group.

Well done if you got those correct.

I'd like you to explain to Laura in one paragraph the problems children can face when it comes to using the media.

Laura's given us some words that might help us and that you might want to include in your answer.

These are child friendly media, social media, disinformation, misinformation, and malformation.

Pause your video and have a go at this now.

I asked you to explain to Laura in a paragraph the problems children might face when using the media.

You might have included some of the following in your answer.

"Laura, accessing media design for adults and getting information from social media can expose children to misinformation.

A lot of media is not written in a child-friendly way and cannot be understood universally.

Social media is dangerous because a lot of children use it for their information, that it can spread inaccurate information rapidly, this can be dangerous.

This might be malformation or disinformation.

This exposure challenges the right to accurate and reliable information, making it harder for children to form healthy perspectives and make informed choices.

I hope this makes it easier to understand, Laura.

Well done if you included some of that in your answer.

Next, we're going to think about how do we make sure that we get the right information.

We learned at the beginning of today's lesson that governments have a responsibility to make sure that we have accurate and reliable information, particularly to help us stay safe and healthy.

This was part of Article 17 on the UNCRC.

This involves education and giving you the tools to spot misinformation, disinformation, and malformation.

This is what our citizenship lessons are all about.

We get to look at lots of different sources and critically think about issues, so we get lots sides of the issue.

You might also learn skills to spot these three types of inaccurate information in other lessons such as computer science or RSHE.

This skill is often called digital or media literacy and it's a really important skill within citizenship.

I'd like you to fill in the missing word.

The main subjects at school that teach you how to support misinformation are computer science, RSHE and.

Pause your video and fill in the missing word.

The correct answer is citizenship.

Alex is asking, "What sort of tools do we need to spot information that is not accurate and reliable?" Sam's telling us that, "There are lots of things that we need to look out for.

We need to evaluate the source, crosscheck its information, which means look at another source, analyse evidence and also use logic.

If we improve our critical thinking skills, we have a better chance of becoming media literate and spotting inaccurate and unreliable information." Critical thinking means that we look at something and we don't just take it for granted that it's true.

Alex is asking, "How do we do all of those things?" Sam's telling us, "To evaluate a source, we need to check if the source is reputable or trustworthy.

For example, if it comes from gov.

uk is more likely to be reliable than if it came from fakenews.

com.

We then have to research who wrote it and see if they're an expert on the topic or if they've listed their sources.

We should also look for potential motives." Why have they written that piece? It might be that they are going to get paid, so that would be a money or potentially political gain.

What does bias mean? Bias is an unfair preference or judgement that favours one personal group over another, is often based on incorrect or incomplete beliefs.

Unfortunately, lots of information that we receive is unreliable due to its intent, so we have to be really careful.

Sometimes the people writing these sources are trying to get us to believe a certain thing for a reason.

They may have exhibited bias.

It could be that that reason is to get more followers, some more advertising money or when we're older, to get our political vote.

Let's check what we've done so far.

True or false? Bias is any unfair preference or judgement that favours one personal group over another, based on incorrect or incomplete beliefs.

Pause your video and choose your answer now.

The correct answer is true.

Bias is very common in the media and we therefore have to be careful to watch out for it.

Some of the information might be shared with us for a particular reason.

It might be based on inaccurate and unreliable beliefs or opinions.

It is important to crosscheck information.

This means that we can compare facts from lots of different reliable sources.

If they are consistent, if they say the same thing, it's more likely to be true.

For example, we might find a news post on social media and we're unsure if it's reliable or not.

Therefore, we would search for it on official websites to crosscheck it and see if they're also reporting the same thing.

We can also use fact fact-checking platforms and refer to primary sources.

This might mean the original research or original report.

This again would help us to crosscheck that information we've seen.

To become media literate and to get access to accurate and reliable information, we have to analyse the evidence and also use our common sense.

We could look for references, data or studies that support the claim.

We could be cautious of exaggerated claims. There are some things that cannot possibly be true or things that are trying to make you believe a certain point of view.

Make sure that the information that has been shared is timely and relevant, so therefore it's something that is happening in recent times.

Sometimes social media posts might be about news that is several years old.

It might be posted as though it's happening today or the news is about something else entirely.

Alex is asking, "What was the final tip to make sure we're getting information that's accurate and reliable?" Sam's telling us, "It was about critical thinking.

We shouldn't believe everything we hear or see right away.

We should ask questions, check the information makes sense, and look at lots of different points of view.

By thinking carefully, you can make smarter decisions and therefore avoid being tricked.

This is a diagram that can help you remember how to check the information you're receiving is both reliable and accurate.

It is based on the acronym Do you REVIEW.

First, you need to look at the source's reputation and think about whether the person who's written it knows the topic well enough to comment on it.

If so, you move on to thinking about evidence.

Look at the actual evidence to see if it's factual and if there's any missing information.

Next, we're verifying, when you verify a source, you need to check the information in other sources to see if it's accurate.

You should always next think about the intent of a piece of media.

Why was that story published? Is it trying to convince you a certain way of thinking or promoting a product? After we verified the intent, we need to think about emotions.

Is the piece trying to sway your feelings? Next and finally, we need to weigh it up.

Decide whether or not you think the story is true, accurate, and reliable, or actually written with false information to try and distort your views on something else.

This REVIEW model, reputation, evidence, verify intent, emotions, weighed up is a really important part of getting your right to reliable and accurate information.

This teaches you an important citizenship skill that you can use when looking at different sources.

Let's check what we've done so far.

What does the R stand for in the REVIEW acronym, that reminder us how to check if information is reliable? Pause your video and choose your answer now.

The correct answer was C, reputation.

Let's put this into practise.

I'd like you to write your own acronym to teach children how to make sure they get the most accurate and reliable information.

Jun's reminding us what acronym is.

"An acronym is a word formed by taking the first letters of another word or phrase and putting them together.

Like NASA is an acronym for National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

It is a good way to help us remember things." Pause a video and have a go at this now.

I asked you to create your own acronym to teach children how to get the most accurate and reliable information.

Your answer might have included something like this.

CHECK, C stands for compare multiple sources.

H, stands for hunt for evidence.

E, evaluate the author's expertise.

C, check for intent or motives.

Then K, keep asking questions.

Yours might have looked a little bit different.

Today we've been learning about getting your right to accurate and reliable information.

Article 17 of the UNCRC states that children have the right to accurate, reliable information and the government must encourage child-friendly media and protect them from media harm.

Access to reliable information empowers people to exercise their other rights, such as participating in decisions that affect them and making informed choices about their lives, including their health.

Children using media often encounter misinformation which can affect their ability to form healthy perspectives.

Assessing the credibility of sources, verifying facts and critically examining evidence are essential steps in recognising misinformation.

Developing critical thinking skills helps you to identify reliable information.

That's the end of today's lesson.

Thank you for joining me.