Hi, welcome to today's lesson with me, Mr. Ramo.

And this is the third lesson I've set in the scheme of work called Are People are Treated Equally in UK Society? Today's lesson is called What Are The Effects Of Discrimination on Individuals and Groups in Society? Same as the other two lessons, all you really need for today's lesson is a pen, paper, and somewhere quiet to work.

There's also a work sheet ready for this lesson, so make sure you can access that, couple of videos you need, might need to watch later on in the lesson.

Excellent, so let's make a start in today's lesson.

So what we're going to look at today, is we're going to look at the different types of discrimination.

We're going to review case studies of people affected by discrimination, and we're going to evaluate the impacts of discrimination for individuals and groups.

Discrimination is treating someone unfairly because of your prejudices.

So what I would like you to do, maybe just pause for a second, and have a little bit of a think about, can you think of any examples of this, and what could it look like? Good, so hopefully you've had a good example of this, and it's important to know that all forms of discrimination are linked to one of the protected characteristics.

And this is something that we've looked at in Lesson One.

So protected characteristics are age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnerships, prejudice in pregnancy or maternity, sorry about that.

Race, religion or belief, your sex, or sexual orientation.

These are all from the government, okay.

So it's really important to know that that's what discrimination is normally based on.

So linking in from what we've just looked at, some examples of the types of discrimination would be sexism, which is prejudice, or discrimination, based on a person's sex or gender.

Racism, which is prejudice against the person, or people, on the basis of their membership of a particular racial or ethnic group.

Homophobia, which is the fear or dislike of someone based on prejudice or negative attitude, beliefs, or views about lesbian, gay, or bi people.

They are just a few examples, there's a lot more types of discrimination.

They're just a few examples, just to get you started in today's lesson.

So that links into the first task.

So what I'd like you to do now, is I'm going to show you a video clip, and what I would like is you to do is watch it, and then pause it.

And then I want you to think about what type of discrimination is being discussed, and how is that discrimination being shown? But women are saying, "Bernie, "how does it happen that I work in an office, "I work in a plant, "and I get paid 79 cents on the dollar, "compared to the guy in the other office 'doing the same work?" And you know what the answer to that question is? It is old fashioned sexism, that's the the answer.

Brilliant, so hopefully you've had a second or two, to think about that, and the example that he's talking about is sexism.

So he's talking about, people going to talk to him about women getting paid less than men, for doing the same type of job.

So what I want you to do is these are some types of discrimination, and I want you to try and think about what types of discrimination is going on here.

Okay.

so two women were at a bakery asking for a cake for their wedding, and the baker refused to serve them.

Zoe was sent home for not wearing a skirt, in the fashion of the store where she works.

Jimmy and Frank were walking through town, and saw a woman being verbally abused because she was wearing a hijab.

So what types of discrimination are there? So maybe pause for a second, and try and match it up to the definitions I already gave you.

Fantastic, hope you've had a good go at that, just to make sure you understand that.

So the first one about the two women not being served a cake for their wedding, is homophobia.

Zoe was sent home for not wearing a skirt, and that would be sexism.

and Jimmy and Frank saw a woman being verbally abused because she was wearing a hijab, and that would be an example of racism.

So what discrimination can look like? Okay, so racist racism, and racist bullying, can include things like being called racist names, or being sent insulting messages, or threats.

It can include having your belongings damaged, or having to see racist graffiti.

Personal attacks, including violence or assault, being left out, treated differently, or excluded.

People making assumptions about you because of your colour, race, or culture.

Being made to feel like you have to change the way that you look.

Racist jokes, including jokes about your colour, nationality, race, or culture.

And they're all from Childline.

Run through that again, just to remind you of that definition of racism it's prejudice against a person or a people on the basis of their membership, to a particular ethnic or racial group.

There's a lot of examples of that.

That doesn't include every type of example, but it just gives you some idea of what that can look like.

Right, and again, this is another kind of bullying, so this is homophobic bullying, and some examples there.

Okay, and I think the picture there, so that picture's from a Stonewall report, and I think that's quite striking.

I think it's quite interesting to think "How would that actually make people think?" So you if read that, it's saying that over 55% of lesbian, gay and bisexual people, experienced bullying in school.

That's a massive amount.

96% of gay people hear homophobic remarks, and I'm not going to say to them, but they're there, if you really want to read them.

And almost all of them hear things like "That's so gay", or "You're so gay" in school.

Hey, which is one of my pet hates in school, okay.

So what impact could that have on them? Okay, just a reminder that homophobia is a fear or dislike of somebody based on their prejudice, or negative attitude, beliefs, or views, about lesbian, gay, or bi people.

Homophobic bullying may be targeted at people who are perceived to be lesbian, gay, or bisexual, as well.

So looking at some more case studies, and I'm really sorry if I pronounce this wrong.

Okay, so I can speak a little bit of Swahili, but probably I am, I'm very likely, to say this name wrong, so I apologise in advance, okay.

So this case study is about somebody called Al Shaymaa J.

Kwegyir, okay, and she's an albino who lives in Tanzania, okay.

So she is a former member of the Tanzania parliament, who described albinism as a disability, like any other form of disability.

But in Tanzania, which is in East Africa, it's a condition where many sufferers are forced into hiding for fear of their lives.

So albinism is an inherited condition, which affects pigmentation in the eyes, skin or hair.

When Kwegyir asked her mother why she was white, what was the problem? Her mother always said there was no problem.

for many other albinos, it's a very different story, okay.

And this is in Tanzania.

So albinos in Tanzania and East Africa.

Not only are they often cast out by their own families, in some tribes they are killed immediately after birth.

in Tanzania, very few albinos manage to go beyond primary school level, and they have very few opportunities to compete for jobs.

The incidence of poverty among albinos, says Kwegyir, is alarming.

Their poverty also makes it impossible to access appropriate medical care, including to receive medicines for skin cancer, which is common among albinos, especially in the tropical areas, like in Tanzania, that's in Sub-Saharan Africa.

With the support of her family, Kwegyir managed to go through secondary school, despite the daily taunts that she faced on the streets, and to a career in the civil service.

She later today became a politician, in Tanzania, who campaigned for the rights of albino people in Tanzania, alongside all of the disabled people.

So quite a heroic person, really, I think.

Okay, I've got another person who also was affected by albinism, and that's Kelly Gallagher.

And she was the first Britain to win a winter Paralympics gold, for the Super-G race, which she won at Sochi, in 2014.

Kelly Gallagher is an Alpine ski racer from Northern Ireland, with a form of albinism, which affects her eyes, skin, and hair.

It also causes her to be visually impaired.

She's skiing with Charlotte Evans, as a guide, she won great Britain's first ever gold medal at the winter Paralympic games, in Sochi in 2014, for the Super-G race.

And this is what Kelly Gallagher talks about.

She says, I was very fortunate to be born into a society where pioneers before me fought hard for equality for people living with disabilities.

Equality is enshrined in our laws, in acts like the Disability Discrimination Act, and Section 75.

So I've benefited greatly from the work done by others before me, which enabled me to access a quality education, and achieve the career of my choosing.

Yes, I do look different from other women.

I have very blonde hair, tend to wear sunglasses, or squint in bright light.

In bright light have to read with a magnifier.

However, thanks to my parents, I've grown up with the confidence to know I'm really no difference to anyone else.

In fact, most of my friends here in Ireland, are fair skinned, and many others wear sunglasses, glasses, or contact lenses.

So in reality, as I get older, the difference doesn't seem to matter.

So this is the bit where I ask you to find the worksheet.

So what I'd like you to do now is pause the worksheet, pause the video, go to the worksheet, and watch the videos about the story of Al Shaymaa J.

Kwegyir, and Kelly Gallagher.

Welcome back.

Okay, so hope you watched those videos.

Excellent videos.

I really, really enjoy watching those videos.

I hope that you found them as interesting as I have.

So what I would like you to do now, is I'd like you to contrast their experiences.

So you might want to think about their family life, their experience at school, their working life, and their campaigning.

Okay, so how are they different? What do they have things in common? Okay, so I'm just going to give you a few seconds to do that.

Brilliant, I hope that you've had a good go at contrasting their experiences.

Okay, the key things there are that, and I think the really important one is what Kelly talks about, about she felt being supported in the law, okay.

Kelley was visually impaired.

She was an alpine ski racer, and she grew up with confidence.

Whereas Al Shaymaa had daily taunts on the streets, lived in poverty, however she overcame all of that to become an MP.

Obviously their condition, that albinism, is the same.

They had quite different experiences.

Okay, I think, and you could suggest that one of the most important things, the most important differences, was Kelly saying that she actually feels supported by the law.

So you've just looked at two case studies, okay.

So I want you to do two tasks, okay.

So I want you to identify the types of discrimination experienced in each case study, and I want you to write a short news item to raise awareness of discrimination, affecting people with albinism in the UK, and Tanzania.

Okay, I want you to spend about eight minutes on that task, but I'm just going to go through some scaffolding with you, just help you.

Okay, so when you think about the news item, what you'd want to think about, is you want to have a headline for your news item.

So think about words that get the main points of your story across to your audience.

You'll want to try to lead us, so one or two sentences, that give the basic facts of the story.

You want to go into the story, so one or two short paragraphs describing what is happening.

And the key thing here is contrast the experience of Al Shaymaa J.

Kwegyir, in Tanzania, with Kelly Gallagher.

And you want to have a strong ending.

So an ending, a final sentence, with a summary, or statement, it gives your sense of the story.

Okay, so I'm just going to pause, I'd like to pause the video now, have a really good go at that task.

Excellent.

Hopefully, you've had a really good go at that task.

It was quite a tricky task, I found it quite hard, when I was writing the model answers, so.

But hopefully you found that quite challenging, and quite a rewarding task to do.

So the first thing I asked you to do was identify the types of discrimination experienced in each case study.

So in Case Study 1, Al Shaymaa.

I'll start that again, sorry.

In Case Study 1, Al Shaymaa J.

Kwegyir was cast out, and experienced taunting, name calling about the way she looked.

This is discrimination, because of the genetic condition, which can affect people's ability, and disability.

And this would be classed as discrimination, because this disability.

In Case Study 2, Kelly Gallagher felt she was a victim of some discrimination due to her condition, however, she felt she was well protected by the equality laws that exist in Northern Ireland.

This is how I would have written the news report.

Yours might look similar, it might look a little bit different, okay.

So, my headline would have been Albino role models provide hope to fellow citizens.

My leader would have talked about Al Shaymaa J.

Kwegyir, and Kelly Gallagher share their stories about the impact of albinism.

Okay, my story would have talked about people with albinism are some of the biggest victims of discrimination in the world.

Albinism is a genetic condition, that can severely affect skin pigmentation, and causes vision impairment, and sometimes blindness.

In Sub-Saharan Africa, countries like Tanzania, for people like Kwegyir, this becomes a very serious condition, because the intensity of the sun.

In addition, people with albinism are often cast out by their own families, and in some tribes, children are killed immediately after birth.

Kwegyir overcame her disability, as she went through secondary school, despite the daily taunts she faced on the streets.

She then went on to have a career in the civil service, and later became a politician who campaigned for the rights of the albino in Tanzania, alongside all disabled people.

This is in contrast to the story of Kelly Gallagher, who grew up in Northern Ireland, has become a sporting hero due to her Paralympic achievements.

Kelly has a form of albinism effecting her eyes, skin, and hair.

Kelly overcame these challenges to become a successful ski racer.

Kelly Gallagher, felt that she was well protected by the robust anti-discrimination laws in the UK.

The way I would have ended this, my news report would have said, people can not help being born with albinism, and still face terrible prejudice in some countries, despite the challenges, both women now campaign, and stand out as role models for their communities, and on the global stage.

Say, have you enjoyed today's lesson? What we've looked at today, we've looked at some types of discrimination.

We've looked at two case studies of people affected by discrimination, and we've evaluated the effects of discrimination for individuals and groups.

Excellent.

Thank you again.

Thank you for all your hard work today.

If you would like to, please ask your parent or carer to share your work on Instagram, Facebook, or Twitter, tagging it @OakNational, with the hashtag, #LearnwithOak.

It'd be brilliant if some of you could do that, I'd really like to see some of you in the newspaper stories.

before you log out of today's lesson, please remember to complete the exit quiz.

Thanks very much for all your hard work, I will see you in the next lesson.