Lesson video

Hi, and welcome back.

My name is Bethany Davis, and I am your media teacher for this unit.

This is lesson three of six, and in this lesson that we'll be covering creating digital video.

To complete this lesson, you will need access to OpenShot.

You will need to download this before proceeding, with your parent or carers permission.

So in this lesson you will learn to understand camera angles.

You will also understand video file formats, and be able to utilise video creation software.

So first up, we're going to talk about camera angles used in video production.

So a camera angle is essentially how the camera is being used.

There's a set of standard camera angles, and we're going to talk through these in this lesson.

Each scene should have details of the camera angle that should be used in the storyboard.

This'll then help determine what equipment is needed for that camera angle, as well as ensuring that the video shot is what is intended.

So the first camera angle that we are going to discuss today is a closeup.

So it closeup is a close range of a person or an object.

It's a tight frame that fills the entire screen.

This is often used to frame a face in order to convey emotion or indicate a detail or motif that the audience needs to know for the storyline.

So next up, we're going to talk about a medium shot.

So a medium shot is a medium range to a person or an object.

It's used for back and forth dialogue quite a lot, so the character is visible as well as the surrounding scene.

So next up, we have a long shot.

So a long shot is also known as a wide shot, and it's used to establish a scene in a film.

You'd have the full length of the character and the surrounding scenery in this kind of shot.

So next up, we have a high angle shot.

So a high angle shot is when the camera points down on a subject.

It makes the subject seem weak or vulnerable.

It's often used in horror films for this exact reason, and it makes the viewer feel powerful, as if they have the power over the subject.

So completely opposite to a high angle shot, we have a low angle shot.

This is when the camera is positioned low down and looking up.

It makes the subject appear very strong and very powerful.

It's also used to make an object appear bigger than it actually is.

So another very common camera angle is an over the shoulder shot.

This is used when there are two characters talking.

It's used to establish what one character can see.

This might be the face of the other character or what is happening behind the other character.

So the last camera angle, that we are going to talk about today, is a pan.

So this is when the camera moves horizontally while staying in the same position.

A tripod is needed to do this, and you essentially follow the action.

It's great to establish sense of location.

So now we are going to move on to talking about file formats and properties of digital video.

So firstly, a key term that we're going to use is FPS, which means frames per second.

So motion in a video is basically like a flip book, and frames per second is the number of frames, or still images, in each second of a video, The human eye can process about 12 frames per second.

Whereas television uses 24 frames per second.

High definition uses 30 frames per second or higher.

So now we're going to talk about another key term, which is compression.

So video comprises still images and audio, so there's about 24 or 30 images per second plus audio data.

This means it's a very, very large file size, so video compression tries to reduce this file size.

How is the video going to be distributed, maybe Blu-ray disc, DVD, or on the web.

These massive file sizes are not compatible with this, so we need compression, in order to reduce this file size as much as possible.

So now we're going to talk about different file formats used in digital video.

So firstly, we have MP4.

So MP4 is a very, very high quality video file format, and it actually has a very small file size.

AVI is a universal file format, but it does have a very large file size.

MOV is used in Apple QuickTime, and it has a very high quality but also a very large file size.

FLV is used in Adobe Flash.

Now this is very in decline, so not a lot of people use this anymore.

And there's also WMV, which is Microsoft.

It's very small size, however it's quite low quality.

So now we are going to move on to Task 1, and this is going to be digital video.

So for Task 1, you will need to create a digital video, following the steps detailed in the worksheet.

However firstly, I am going to do a demonstration of how the task could be completed.

If there is a section of the worksheet that you do not understand, you can refer back to this video at any time.

So the first section of this task is going to be to just simply open your OpenShot video editor.

Now we need to make sure we have the right profile selected, so we're going to go to File.

Then we're going to go to Choose Profile, and we just want to ensure that we have 720p or 30 frames per second selected, and then we can close that.

So now we are going to import our media files.

So to do this, we are going to click the add button here, and then we are going to scroll to where we have the media files saved.

So I have the media objects saved here, and then what you're going to do is, you're literally going to add every single one of these.

So you should have seven video clips, three audio, and three images.

And then we also need to import our logo that we created in the previous lesson.

So again, you're going to want to click the green add button here, and scroll to where you have saved your logo.

Now what we're going to do is, we are going to crop our voiceover clip, so the voiceover clip is here.

So we need to crop this into six sections, so what we're going to do is, we are going to click and drag this into Track 1, so we first need to scroll down to Track 1.

So now we're going to start cutting our audio, so what we need to do is press the space bar in order to play the clip, and then, when we get to a point where there's a break, we're going to press the space bar again to pause it.

So then, once you've found the position where there's a break, you're going to want to select this razor tool, and then you're going to want to click where the red line is.

This'll then split this into two tracks, so you're going to want to carry on and do this for all the six tracks that are in this one clip.

So now we have all six audio clips, so now we want to de-select the razor tool, and we want to add a new track, which is going to be the mower sound.

And then, with Track 1, we're going to want to select the arrow, and click Add Track Below.

So with this track, we're then going to add in our mower sound track.

We're going to rename this track to Mower Sound.

And then we're going to do the same with the background sounds, so Add Track Below, and then we are going to drag in the background music, and we are going to rename this to Background Music.

So at this point, we're just going to save our project, just in case anything should happen, so we're just going to click control S or command S if you're on a Mac.

So above the voiceover clip, we are going to rename this track to Video 1, and we are going to add the Grass clip to this track.

So now, with all the voiceover clips, we are just going to grab them all by left clicking and drawing a box over them all and moving them all to the right for now.

So now we need to make sure I will playback tool is right at the start, and then we are going to drag it to about four seconds in.

Then we're going to grab the razor tool, and cut the Grass track.

Then what we're going to do is, we're going to de-select the razor tool, and we are going to select the clip to the right of the playhead, and we are going to delete this.

Then we are going to rename this track, above Video 1, and we're going to rename it to Video 2, and we're going to add in our Lawnmower clip.

So now what we're going to want to do is, we're going to want to drag the Lawnmower clip, so it starts around two seconds in after the Grass clip plays.

Easiest way to do this is to drag your playback to about two seconds, so then you have a marker to drag your Lawnmower clip to.

So now we're going to add a transition, because, at the minute, we have a very hard cut in between these two clips.

However we'd like to add a fade, so we're going to select the Transitions tab, and we're going to click a Fade, and we're going to drag this Fade on to the Lawnmower clip.

So now we're just going to zoom out a little bit, and what we're going to do is, we're going to drag the end of our Fade so it lines up perfectly with the end of our Grass.

So that will mean that the Fade will stop when the Grass clip stops.

So now we're going to go back onto a Project Files, and we're going to drag the Lawn 2927 clip into the Video 1 track, leaving a slight gap in between that and the Grass clip.

Now I'm just going to zoom out slightly again, just so this is a little bit easier to work with, and I'm going to drag the first section of the voiceover back over, so that it starts just as the Fade ends.

So I'm just going to zoom in again, to check I've got that right.

So what we want to do now is, we want to cut our Lawnmower clip so that it finishes just as the Lawn clip starts, but we do want to leave a little bit of time for a fade, so you want to click on the razor tool, and we want to cut it around there.

And now we can de-select the razor tool, and then we are going to want to delete the rest of this Lawnmower clip.

And then we are going to want to add another fade, so we're going to drag this Fade onto the end of the Lawnmower clip.

And I'm just going to zoom out a little bit, and just align this.

And then what we're going to want to do is, select a little down arrow next to the Fade, and we're going to want to click Reverse Transition.

So now I'm just going to zoom out again.

So what we're going to want to do now is we want to cut this Lawn clip about two seconds after the voiceover ends.

So again, I'm just going to put my marker in that place, so this ends at 13 seconds.

so at about 15 seconds we want it to cut our Lawn clip, so again, I'm going to grab the razor tool, and I'm just going to cut it there.

And then I'm going to de-select the razor tool, and then we can delete this clip.

So now what we're going to do is, we're going to align our playhead with the end of the Lawn clip.

We're then going to scroll down, and we're going to use our razor tool to cut the mowing lawn sound clip, where the playhead is, and then we can de-select the razor tool, and then we can remove the right-hand side of the mowing lawn clip.

So now, in Video 2, we are going to go back to Project Files, and we're going to add the Spring, swinging chair, clip.

So we're going to drag this, and we're just going to overlap it slightly with the Lawn clip.

So now, what we're going to do is, we're going to go back to our first transition that we did.

We're going to click on the little arrow, and we're going to go Copy, Transition.

Then we're going to click on our new clip, and we're going to do a control V, or command V on a Mac, and we're just going to drag this into place.

There's a nice fade in between the clips.

So then we are going to get the second section of our voiceover, and we're going to drag this back, and this should align with the start of the Spring clip.

We are then going to trim the Spring clip, so it ends about a second after the voiceover, so I'm just going to align the playhead with the end of that clip, and then scroll up and use the razor tool to select about a second after.

Then we can de-select the razor tool.

and we can get rid of the Spring clip.

Now we're going to do the same again with the Flowering Trees clip.

We're just going to drag this into Video 1, and we're going to align it with the media voiceover, and then we're going to add a fade again.

It's going to be the same one as we used for the end of our Fade before, so we're going to do the arrow, then do Copy and Transition.

Then we're going to click on our new Flowering Trees clip, and we're going to control V that.

And then we just need to drag this slightly, so it's slightly less.

And we are now going to find the third media voiceover clip, and drag this back in, and we want this voiceover to align with the end of the Fade that we just did, so again, I'm going to align my playhead there, so I've got a marker for it.

So then what we're going to do is, we're going to drag our playhead to around a second after the media voiceover the clip ends, and we're going to grab our razor tool, and we are going to cut the Flowering Tree clip.

Then we can de-select the razor tool, and we can remove the Flowering Trees clip.

So now we are going to add the Black Cat clip to the video too, and we are going to line this up to when the voiceover ends.

Then again, we're going to copy this transition, and we are going to paste it in the Black Cat.

Then we're going to get the fourth section of the media voiceover clip.

We're going to drag that over, and we're going to align that up with the end of the Fade.

We are then going to drag our playhead to around a second after the voiceover ends, and we're going to use the razor tool to cut the Black Cat clip there, and then we're going to de-select the razor tool, and delete the right section of the Black Cat clip.

Then, in the Video 1 section, we're going to drag the Walking, the clip, and we're going to line this up with the end of the voiceover.

And again, we're going to copy our transition from earlier and we're going to paste this onto the end of the black cat clip, and we are just going to just adjust the length of it slightly.

We are then going to grab the fifth section of the media voiceover, and we're going to align this with the end of our Fade.

Then again, we are going to use our playback tool to just mark about a second after the voiceover ends, and we're going to use the razor tool to cut our Walking the Dog clip here, and then we're going to de-select the razor tool, and delete the right side of that clip.

Then we're going to add the Lawnmower image, so we're going to add this to Video 2, and we're going to line this up with the end of the voiceover, so I'm just going to add my marker there, so I can see.

Then we are going to get the last section of our media voiceover clip, and we're going to drag this over, and we're going to line this up with the end of the Walking the Dog clip.

What we're going to do is, we're going to drag the first robot mower image into Video 1 and the second robot mower image into Video 2.

What we're going to do it now is, we are going to cut our three image clips.

They're around the same length, and we want them to end just before the end of the media voiceover clip, so we're just going to drag these down.

We want them to overlap slightly, so that we can add a transition.

So then hopefully that will end just at the same time, roughly.

Then we're going to add our fades as we have been doing, so we're just going to increase the size here a little bit.

We're going to copy this transition, and we are going to paste it, just be here.

And then we are just going to produce that slice slightly, and then we're going to copy our end transition, and we are also going to paste that on our first image, and we're going to do the same for each lawnmower image that we have.

So then what we're going to do is, we're going to move our play head to the end of our final image, and we're going to scroll all the way down to our Background Music clip, and we are going to use our razor tool to cut that, and we're going to de-select that, and then we're just going to get rid of the excess sound.

So then what we're going to do is, we're going to scroll all the way up to Video 2, and we're going to rename this track, and we're going to rename it to Logo.

And we're going to go into Project Files and locate our logo, then we're going to drag our logo into this track.

So then what we're going to do is, we are going to just reduce this size a little bit, and we're going to drag our Logo track until it covers the entire project that we've created.

Then we're going to hold down control, and we're going to resize our logo, so it sits nicely at the bottom.

You can then play around with this, and make it as big or as small as you want.

So at this point, you're going to want to preview your entire video, and there might be some aspects you want to change.

If there's some clips that you want to slightly cut a little bit more, if you want to cut some of the fades slightly more, or maybe adjust some of the volume levels, this will be the time to do that.

And then once you're all done with that, you can just save your video.

And then you're going to want to go onto File, and click Export Project and Export a Video to export your.

So now is your opportunity to complete Task 1.

So Task 1 is digital video, so you're to follow the steps in the worksheet to create a digital video using OpenShot, so pause this video now to complete the first task.

Welcome back, and I hope that went really, really well.

Move on.

So now we're going to move straight on to Task 2.

So task two is missing words, so what I'd like you to do is spend three minutes completing the missing words section of the worksheet, and all the words are terms that have been introduced to you in this lesson, so pause the video now to complete this task.

So that is the end of lesson three.

So in this lesson you learned all about different camera angles.

You also learned about different file formats, and you learned how to utilise video creation software.

So that's the end of lesson three.

There is a quiz to be completed at the end of this video, so make sure that you complete that, and make sure you share your work with Oak National, with your parents or carers permission.

I hope you enjoyed, and I'll see you in the next lesson.