Hello I Mr. Ballam.

Thanks very much for choosing this lesson, all around making Irish soda bread.

Let's get started, shall we? So what are we going to learn today? Well, you are going to be able to use your food skills to make Irish soda bread.

Hmm, I bet that's gonna be delicious, isn't it? So let's look at some key words, which we're gonna cover in this lesson.

The first key word is dough, and that's a mix of flour and water or milk.

The second one is soda bread.

That's what we're going to make.

And it's a type of bread, which is quick to make.

The next one is bicarbonate of soda, and it's a white powder used to make food rise when baked.

And the last word is bacteria.

And these are tiny single celled organisms, some of which are harmless, but others may cause food poisoning.

So let's get started with the first part of the lesson, which is all around the origins of soda bread.

So, Irish soda bread originates in Ireland in about the 1830s, and it was real time of financial hardship for them.

And soda bread is cheap to make and bakes really quickly too.

It has a cross scored or cut across the top.

Can you see it in the photo? And there are different versions of soda bread that have been produced around the world.

So are the versions in Scotland, for example, as well as Serbia.

And modern versions have other ingredients added too, things like honey dried fruits, nuts and seeds.

And the main ingredients of soda bread are flour, particularly wholemeal flour, milk and bicarbonate of soda.

Do you remember that's the powder that helps the bread to rise? So these are the ingredients that we're going to use to make our soda bread.

So let's have a quick check for understanding, shall we? So what are the main ingredients for soda bread? Okay, so how do you get on? Yes, that's right.

It's A, milk; B, wholemeal flour.

Anything else? Hmm.

Yes, that's right.

It's D, bicarbonate of a soda.

Well done! So first of all, let's look at the ingredients that we're going to use, shall we, in a bit more detail.

So we're gonna be using flour, and this is produced from wheat grains, which have been milled or crushed.

And there are different types of flour.

Things like plain flour, brown flour, wholemeal flour, and strong flour.

Have you heard or seen any of these before? They're always used in different types of baking so they might be used to make bread like Irish soda bread or perhaps cakes and biscuits too.

Wonder what Alex and Andeep are saying to each other? Alex is saying, "I've heard that people with an allergy can't ever eat bread.

Is that true?" "Well, some people have an allergy to flour, which is made from wheat, which is often used to make bread.

But there are other types of flour that can be used too, so they can eat bread." Well, that's good to know.

Isn't it? So true or false: people with an allergy cannot eat bread? Well, that's false, isn't it? And why is that? Well, some people have an allergy to the flour made from wheat, but there are other types of flour that can be used so they can eat bread.

So the recipe that we're going to use uses wholemeal flour, which has all of the wheat grain.

Plain or white flour only has parts of the grain.

And this is why that they're different colours.

Can you see them on the screen? The wholemeal flour is much more brown, isn't it, with little freckles in whereas the white flour just looks white.

And wholemeal flour is good for us.

It's good for our digestive system.

The next ingredient we're gonna use is milk.

And milk is from a dairy cow.

And in soda bread, buttermilk is traditionally used, and buttermilk is the liquid that's left over from making butter, hence the name buttermilk.

So here's our dairy cow, which we rear for its milk.

And then there's a butter making process to make the butter.

And during the butter making, we get the butter milk.

And of course, if you don't drink milk from a dairy cow, you can use non-dairy alternatives as well, like soya drink for example.

And instead of the buttermilk, which might be hard to get, we're going to be adding lemon juice to the milk.

Look at the photo on the screen.

This is the milk.

And we're going to add the lemon juice to the milk.

Here's the spoon, just stirring in the lemon juice.

And then after a short while, about five to 10 minutes, it changes like this.

So what's happened to the milk? Look closely at the photo.

Well, the lemon juice changes the milk.

It makes the milk go lumpy.

Can you see the lumps? That's called splitting.

And it also gives it a sour taste.

That's being acidic.

So the lemon juice changes the milk.

So it's more like buttermilk.

We're also going to be using bicarbonate of soda.

Do you remember? It's something that we add to food to make it rise.

So the bread rises due to the bicarbonate of soda being added, and the sour milk helps the bicarbonate of soda to produce bubbles.

And the bubbles help to expand the dough making the bread rise.

So if you look closely at the photographs, you can see the bread before it's baked on the left and then we bake it, and then we get the Irish soda bread.

And if you look really carefully, you can see the bubbles still in the bread.

And this has helped the bread rise.

So true or false: the sour milk and the bicarbonate of soda help the bread to rise? Yes, that's true, isn't it? And why is that? Well, the sour milk helps the bicarbonate of soda to produce bubbles.

And the bubbles help to expand the dough, making the bread rise.

Well done.

Okay, I've got a task for you now.

So Lucas is investigating the ingredients in soda bread.

So I want you to put the missing words into these sentences.

The words are just at the bottom of the screen.

Good luck to you.

Pause the video and we'll come back very shortly to see how you've got on.

Okay, so how do you get on? Did you put the correct words in the right places? I'm sure you did.

Let's have a look, shall we? Well, the first one is wholemeal flour has more of the wheat grain.

Well done if you've got that one correct.

The next one, well, this says, lemon juice gives the milk a sour taste.

Well done.

Did you get that one right? And lastly, the sour milk helps the bicarbonate of soda make bubbles.

Well done.

Isn't it interesting how these ingredients work in the bread? So now let's move on to the second part of the lesson, which is about making your Irish soda bread.

Now before you cook, we should always wash and dry our hands.

Why do you think that's important? Can you tell me? So washing our hands prevents dirt or bacteria getting on our food.

And this is important as some bacteria can cause food poisoning and food poisoning can make someone very ill.

So washing and drying our hands is really important.

What else should we do before we cook? Can you remember? Hmm, yes.

What's Alex doing on the screen? He's putting on a clean apron, isn't he? But also, we should do things like tying up long hair, for example, or taking off our watch or wristbands or rolling up long sleeves if we've got them on.

Well done if you've got any of those right.

So to make our Irish soda bread, we're going to be using a number of different food skills.

The first one is measuring.

So we're gonna be using weighing scales to measure some of our ingredients, and we're going to be weighing the flour.

And before you weigh the flour, make sure the weighing scale say zero, just so you weigh the right amount.

And just like Laura is saying here, make sure you weigh exactly the amount it says in the recipe.

So which of these weighing scales shows 100 grammes? A, B, or C? Look closely.

Yes, that's right.

It's C, isn't it? Well done.

You've read the display carefully on the weighing scales.

Brilliant work! Also to make a Irish soda bread, we're going to be measuring and we're going to be using a measuring jug, and we're going to measure the milk.

And we need to make sure the measuring jug is on a flat surface, just so we can read the numbers really clearly that go up the weighing jug.

And just like the flour, we need to make sure we measure the right amount, which is stated in the recipe.

Also, we're going to be measuring, using measuring spoons.

Well done! And we're going to measure the lemon juice and the bicarbonate of soda, and we need to use the right spoon.

So for example, either the 5 millilitre one or the 15 millilitre spoon.

And again, just like Alex is saying here, we need to use the right amount that's stated in the recipe.

So let's have a quick check, shall we? So which size spoon is the arrow pointing to? Is it A, B, or C? Look closely.

Yes, that's right.

It's the biggest spoon, isn't it? It's the 15 millilitre spoon.

Well done.

Also, we're going to be mixing.

Do you remember? We're going to mix the lemon juice into the milk, and also we are going to mix the flour, the milk and the bicarbonate of soda together to form a dough.

And when we're mixing our dough, sometimes it might be a little bit too sticky, so we should add a little bit more flour using a spoon.

Or perhaps if the dough is too dry and crumbly, we just add a little bit more milk, again using a spoon.

So why do you think we use a spoon? Hmm? What would the reason be? Well, if we just poured the flour in from the bag of flour, all of it could go into the bowl, couldn't it? Or how about if we just poured the milk in from the carton? Too much could go in.

So we need to just add it carefully, spoon by spoon until we make sure it's the right type of dough.

We're also going to be shaping the dough and making to shape the dough into a flat ball.

And then we can the dough on the baking tray.

Hmm? So how can we stop the dough sticking on the tray? What could we use? Have you got any ideas? Well, one way you could do it is to grease the tray so we can brush a little bit of oil on the tray so the bread doesn't stick or perhaps we could use grease proof paper and that would help too.

Well done if you've got any of those correct.

We're also going to be scoring.

And that means to score or to cut a cross on the top of the soda bread.

And this helps the bread to cook.

And some people think that the cross is there to ward off evil spirits.

What do you think? We're also going to be using an oven, and we need to make sure the oven is preheated before we use it.

And this makes sure it's the right temperature to bake the bread.

And we're going to bake the dough or the bread for about 15 minutes.

And it's really important when we use the oven, we always use oven gloves.

So we use oven gloves to put the bread in the oven and also to take the bread out of the oven.

Your teacher might help you or do it for you.

Okay, so let's get started, shall we? And I want you to follow the recipe and make the Irish soda bread.

Before you get going, remember, I want you to get ready to cook.

So that's things like tying up long hair, removing your jumper, washing your hands, remember, we talked about that earlier, and also wearing a clean apron.

And then I want you to get your ingredients and your equipment ready so you are ready to cook.

And then as you are preparing and cooking, I want you to think about being safe and hygienic.

I want you to think about using your food skills.

And also I want you to look at how the ingredients change.

Do you remember the milk going lumpy, the bicarbonate of soda producing bubbles and the bread rising? There's so much going on.

So here are the ingredients in the equipment that you need to make your Irish soda bread.

You might wanna pause the video now while you get these ready.

And here's the method.

So good luck and let's come back very soon to see how you've got on.

Remember to pause the video.

Okay, so how'd you get on? Does your bread smell delicious? I'm sure it does.

So let's have a look at what you did to make sure your bread came out successfully, shall we? So the first thing you would've done is to preheat your oven, so it's at the right temperature when you're ready to bake.

Then you would've poured the lemon juice into the milk, so it went lumpy.

Then we would've left it for about five minutes.

Then you would've mixed the flour, the milk and the bicarbonate of soda together to make a soft dough.

Then you would've shaped it into a flat ball, but you would've put it onto a baking tray and then cut a score across on the top of the bread and then baked it in the oven about 15 minutes.

Well done! I hope it come up really, really well.

Well, I hope you enjoyed the lesson.

Did you enjoy making your Irish soda bread? I bet you did.

We've learned so much today.

Let's have a quick summary, shall we? Well, the first thing we've learned is that Irish soda bread originates from Ireland and is made from flour, milk and bicarbonate of soda.

And there are different types of flour, such as plain and whole milk.

And that lemon juice is added to the milk to make it sour.

And the milk works with the bicarbonate of soda to make bubbles helping the bread to rise.

And lastly, we need to be hygienic when we are cooking to prevent dirt and bacteria getting on our food 'cause some bacteria can cause food poisoning, which can make us ill.

Well, we've learned so much today and I really hope you've enjoyed making the bread, and I hope you come back very soon for another cooking and nutrition lesson.

Thanks a lot.

Bye.