Lesson video

Hello, everyone.

My name is Mrs. Riley, and I'm here today to do some learning with you.

In today's lesson, we're going to be focusing on grammar, one of my favourite subjects to teach.

I hope you're excited for today's lesson.

Let's get started.

The outcome of today's lesson is I can vary the tense of a simple sentence, so by the end of today's lesson, that's what you're all going to be able to do.

Here are our key words for today.

Don't worry if any of these words seem a bit unfamiliar, because we're going to talk about them lots and lots in this lesson.

I'm gonna say each one, and then I'd like you to repeat it back to me.

Are you ready? My turn, your turn.

Simple sentence.

Present tense.

Past tense.

Verb.

Excellent.

Well done.

I can tell you're joining in really nicely.

In our lesson today, we are going to first focus on the present and past tense simple sentences.

The tense a sentence is written in tells the reader when the action in the sentence happens.

It doesn't tell us where it happens.

It tells us when the action happens.

We have learned about the present tense and the past tense.

The present tense tells us the action is happening now.

We talk in the park.

"Talk" is the verb, and we can tell in that sentence that it is happening now.

It is in the present tense.

The past tense tells us the action has happened before now.

We talked in the park.

"Talked" is the verb, and we can tell by that verb, that this action has already happened.

Here are some present tense sentences.

I play hockey.

The teacher walks to school.

We skate on the ice.

Let's identify the verb in each of these sentences.

We know that a verb is a doing or a being word.

Perhaps you could pause the video now, and you could read each sentence again, and try and identify, which means find the verb.

Off you go.

Well done if you spotted any verbs, any doing or being words.

"Play" was the first verb.

I play hockey.

Play is something you do.

"Walks" was the second verb.

The teacher walks.

It's something the teacher is doing.

And finally, "skate" is the final verb.

Skate is something you can do.

A verb has another very important job.

The verb carries the tense of the sentence.

The verbs in these sentences are all doing words.

They're all things we can do.

We can play, we can walk, and we can skate.

They're in the present tense.

So the action is happening now.

I play hockey.

The teacher walks to school.

We skate on the ice.

Identify the verb in this sentence.

The horn beeps loudly.

Is the verb, A, the, B, horn, C, beeps, or D, loudly? What is the verb? What is the being or doing word? Pause the video while you answer that now.

Well done if you got the correct answer, which is C, beeps.

"Beeps" is the verb.

It is the thing that the horn is doing.

Here are some past tense sentences.

I played hockey.

The teacher walked to school.

We skated on ice.

Again, let's identify the verb in each of these sentences.

Perhaps you might want to pause then.

Pause the video while you point at the verbs, or maybe you might want to say the verbs out loud.

Okay, well done for giving that a go.

The verbs are played, walked and skated.

The verbs in these sentences are all doing verbs, but this time they're in the past tense.

So the action happened before now.

I played hockey.

The teacher walked to school.

We skated on the ice.

Here's a check for your understanding.

True or false? The present tense means the action happened before now.

True or false? Pause the video while you think about the answer.

Well done for giving that a go.

The correct answer is false.

The present tense doesn't mean the action happened before now.

That's the past tense.

The present tense means the action is happening now.

Sometimes the verb in a sentence is quite difficult to spot.

Let's look at this sentence.

Sam is wet.

Now there is a verb in that sentence.

Sam is wet.

Hmm.

We know the sentence makes sense, but where is the verb? If you're unsure, have a think about that there's only three words there.

So we could go through each one.

Sam.

Is that a verb? Sam is actually the name of a person.

So Sam is a noun.

So I know Sam isn't the verb.

I'm not sure about "is." So let's go to "wet," because I am sure about that.

"Wet" is an adjective.

It's a describing word.

It's describing Sam.

Sam is wet.

Well, that only leaves me with one choice.

"Is." "Is" is actually the verb in this sentence.

It's a special type of verb.

It is called a being verb.

What's it called? Well done.

It's a being verb.

The verb "is" tells us that Sam is wet right now.

That means that this sentence is in the present tense.

Sam is wet.

Let's change this sentence into the past tense.

Sam is hot.

We can now identify the being verb "is." Sam is hot.

"Is" is the verb.

Let's imagine that we were thinking about how Sam was feeling yesterday.

Yesterday, Sam is hot.

Hmm.

Now that just doesn't sound right.

Yesterday, Sam is hot.

No, it still doesn't sound right.

Perhaps you might be able to tell me what I'm doing wrong.

Yesterday, Sam.

Oh, I can hear lots of you shouting, "Was." Let's change the being verb so the sentence makes sense.

Yesterday, Sam was hot.

Well done.

You were all right.

It is time for a check for understanding.

True or false? Being verbs are words like "is" and "was." Is that true or false? Being verbs are words like "is" and "was." True or false? Pause the video now.

Okay, well done if you've got the correct answer.

True.

Being verbs are words like "is" and "was." They are special types of verbs.

Sometimes the noun is plural, and this changes the being verb.

Look at this sentence.

The cats are hiding.

"Cats" is the noun.

It's the thing.

And now there's not one cat.

In the previous example, it was about Sam, and there was one Sam.

But now we're in plural.

There are more than one.

There's more than one cat.

Cats.

The cats are hiding.

We know the sentence makes sense, but where is the verb? "Are." The cats are hiding.

The word "are" is a being verb.

We use it for plural nouns.

Remember, plural is when there's more than one of something.

The verb "are" tells us that the cats are hiding right now.

This means this sentence is in the present tense.

Let's change this sentence into the past tense.

The cats are hiding.

We can identify the being verb "are." Let's imagine though, that the cats were hiding last week.

Last week, the cats are hiding.

Again, that doesn't sound right.

Last week the cats are hiding.

Perhaps you could tell me what I'm doing wrong.

Well done.

It doesn't sound right to say, "Last week the cats are hiding." I have to change "are" to be in the past tense.

So let's change it so it makes sense.

Last week, the cats were hiding.

Well done if you got that answer before me.

Here's a check for your understanding.

I'd like you to tick the two sentences that are written in the past tense.

A, the children were happy, B, the children are happy, C, Max is happy, D, Max was happy.

Could you pause the video now and tick the two sentences that are written in the past tense? Well done if you identified that the correct answers are A, the children were happy, and D, Max was happy.

"Were" and "was" are those special being verbs that tell me this is in the past tense.

It's time for you to do a task.

I would like you to circle the verb and decide whether the sentence is written in the past, past or present tense.

And then I want you to write past or present on the line.

Just write that one word, past or present.

The first one has been done for you.

So let's look at it.

So the first sentence says, "The man parked his car." So you would circle the verb, which is "parked." That's the doing verb.

And then you would write, you would decide, is that in the present or past tense? The man parked his car.

Parked.

Yesterday the man parked his car.

That sounds right.

So I think it's going to be in the past.

I think it's already happened.

Can you now pause the video and read each sentence, circle the verb and then write past or present on the line? Before you do that, I'll read the sentences for you.

The music is loud.

The children were tired.

Maya counts the cubes.

Alex prayed at home.

Remember, it could be a being verb or it could be a doing verb.

Circle the verbs and then write past or present on the line.

Pause the video now.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

The music is loud.

"The music." That's not a verb.

"Loud." That's an adjective.

So it must be "is." "Is" is a special verb.

It's a being verb.

The music is loud.

I think that's in the present tense.

If it was in the past tense, it would be, "The music was loud," but it's, "the music is loud." The children were tired.

"Tired" is an adjective.

It describes the children.

So the verb is "were." It's a special being verb.

The children were tired.

This is in the past.

Maya counts the cubes.

"Maya" and the "cubes" are both nouns.

Maya's a person and the cubes are a thing.

So the verb is "counts." It's a verb.

It's a doing verb.

Maya counts the cubes.

I think that's in the present tense.

And finally, Alex prayed at home.

"Prayed" is the verb.

It's a doing verb, and it is in the past tense.

Well done for giving that task a try.

It was quite tricky, and you did really well.

We're now going to look at the second part of our lesson.

Changing the tense.

We know the tense a sentence is written in tells the reader when the action happened.

We change the timeframe of an action by changing the tense.

Remember these sentences? We talk in the park.

We talked in the park.

"Talk" is in the present tense.

It's happening now.

"Talked" is in the past tense.

It's happened before now.

When the verb changes, the time the action happens changes too.

All the other verb words in the sentences have stayed the same.

Let's just double check that.

"We," not talk, "we" have stayed the same.

"In" has stayed the same.

"The park," that's all stayed the same.

So the only thing that has changed is "talk" has become "talked." But that has meant that we now know this whole sentence has changed from the present to the past tense.

We've only changed the ending of the verb.

It's still got "talk," but we've just changed the ending.

We've added an "E-D" on the end.

We talk in the park.

We talked in the park.

What do you notice about how the verb has changed? What's actually happened to it? Perhaps you could pause the video while you tell me how has this verb changed? Well done.

It's got an E-D on the end of it.

Talk plus E-D equals talked.

All the other words in the sentence have stayed exactly the same.

Regular past tense verbs end in the letters E-D.

If they're regular, that means they're the ones that are the kind of ordinary ones.

So the ordinary past tense verbs end in the letters E-D.

But not all verbs are ordinary.

I'd like you to tick the past tense verbs.

A, rush, B, rushed, C, bake, D, baked.

Could you pause the video now and tick the past tense verbs? Okay, well done for giving that a go.

B, rushed, and D, baked, are both past tense verbs.

I can tell that because they both end in E-D.

They are regular past tense verbs.

Look at these present tense simple sentences.

I open the window.

They watch TV.

The artist paints a picture.

Emma smiles proudly.

We bake cookies.

Can you change them into the past tense? We need to make sure all the verbs end in E-D.

What do we need to make sure the verbs end in? Yes, E-D.

Well done.

Can you pause the video now, and have some thinking time about how we could turn these verbs into the past tense by adding E-D? Excellent.

Well done.

So, "I open the window" will become, "I opened the window." "They watch TV," will turn into, "they watched TV." They watched TV.

The artist paints a picture.

The artist painted a picture.

Emma smiles proudly.

Emma smiled proudly.

We bake cookies.

We baked cookies.

Well done if you've got any of those right.

Here's a check for understanding.

True or false? The past tense of "blink" is "blinkd." Have a look carefully at that spelling and decide if you think it's true or false.

Pause the video now.

This is false.

The correct spelling of "blinked" should have an E-D on the end, not just a D.

That is because this is a regular verb.

And if I want to turn this verb into the past tense, I need to add an E-D.

Look at these past tense simple sentences.

They're in the past tense.

We danced at the party.

Ben shared the sweets.

The pirates sailed the sea.

The teacher explained the task.

A rabbit sniffed the air.

(sniffing) Let's change them from the past tense into the present tense.

Sometimes the verb will need to end in an "S" to make sense.

So before, when we were turning them from the present to the past, we were adding E-D.

And now you might sometimes have to add an "S" at the end of the verb to turn it into the present tense.

Could you pause the video and have some thinking time about how we could turn these verbs into the present tense? Off you go.

Okay, let's go through the answers.

"We danced at the party" will become "we dance at the party." "Ben shared the sweets" becomes "Ben shares the sweets." So there's an example where we've added the "S." "The pirates sailed the sea" becomes "the pirates sail the sea." "The teacher explained the task" becomes "the teacher explains the task." "A rabbit sniffed the air" becomes "a rabbit sniffs the air." If you were a bit unsure about whether or not to add an "S," you could say it both ways and try and listen to what sounds right.

We dance at the party.

We dances at the party.

Well, that doesn't sound right.

So this one must just be, "We dance at the party." Ben shares the sweets.

Ben share the sweets.

Again, it sounds like it should be, "Ben shares the sweets." So it can be tricky to know if you need an "S" or not.

So try it both ways and try and really listen to what sounds right.

Here's a check for understanding.

Can you tick the present tense verbs? A, roar, B, roared, C, tasted, D, taste.

Pause the video while you complete that check for understanding.

Well done.

The present tense verbs are A, roar, and D, taste.

The other two options, roared and tasted, are both past tense verbs.

It's time for another task.

I would like you to circle the verb in each sentence and then change it from the present tense to the past tense, and write the new past tense verb on the line.

Here are your sentences.

A bird chirps noisily.

We talk all night.

The lion moves silently.

So first in each sentence, you need to circle the verb.

You need to identify the verb.

A bird chirps noisily.

It could be a doing verb or a being verb.

Once you've identified the verb, you need to rewrite the verb on the sentence, but you need to turn it into the past tense.

And remember that trick of adding E-D.

Once you've done that, you need to then look at these sentences, circle the verb, but this time you are turning it from the past tense into the present tense, and you're going to write the present tense verb on the line.

The fire warmed the room.

Jun played cards, and I walked home.

So in all of these examples, you are going to circle the verb.

But in the first group, you are going to change the verbs into the past tense.

And in the second group, you are going to change the verbs into the present tense.

Good luck.

Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

Let's go through the answers.

A bird chirps noisily.

"Chirps" is the verb.

It becomes "chirped." A bird chirped noisily.

We talk all night.

"Talk" is the verb.

It's the doing word.

And to turn it into the past tense, we'll add E-D.

"Talked." The lion moves silently.

"Moves" is the verb.

It's a doing verb.

To turn it into the past, it will become "moved." Let's look at the next group.

The fire warmed the room.

"Warmed" is the verb.

It's a thing the fire is doing.

To turn it into the present tense this time, I'm going to turn it into, "The fire warms the room." "Jun played cards," will become "plays." "Played" is the verb, and to turn it from the past to the present tense, I will turn it from "played" to "plays." I walked home.

"Walked" is the verb, and to turn it into the present tense it will become, "I walk home." Again, I could try it with the "S" to hear how it sounds.

I walks home.

That doesn't sound right.

So this must just be, "I walk home." Remember that trick of just trying it out and trying to listen to what sounds right.

Wow.

Well, well done.

That was a lot of learning, and you've done it so well to sit and listen to all that information and complete those tasks.

Here's what we've learned today.

We've learned that the tense a sentence is written in tells the reader when the action happened.

The present tense tells the reader the action is happening now.

The past tense tells the reader the action happened before now.

The verb carries the tense of a sentence.

So perhaps this week when you are reading something, you could try to identify the verbs in each sentence, and you can think about whether the verbs are written in the present tense or the past tense.

Well done for all your hard work.

You should feel really proud of yourselves.

Hopefully I'll see you for some more learning soon.

Bye.