Lesson video

Hello and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, I love spelling and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

For today's lesson, you need to bring me your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write with and write on and someone or something to talk to you will be brilliant as well.

Let's get on with today's learning.

In today's lesson, we're going to be looking at j spellings, including g, g-e, and d-g-e.

And these j spellings make a ger sound.

The outcome will be, I can spell words containing the representations of the j phoneme, okay? Okay, g, g-e and d-g-e.

Here are the keywords for today's learning.

Please say them after me.

Digraph, trigraph, consonant, short vowel, mnemonic.

Thank you so much.

It was great hearing you say them back to me.

Let's have a little chat about these then.

A digraph is a two-letter representation of a sound.

A trigraph is a three-letter representation of a sound.

A consonant is a sound that is made by blocking the air in your mouth, your teeth, tongue, or lips.

For instance, P is a consonant.

My lips have come together there.

T is a consonant, my tongue and my teeth came together there.

A short vowel is a vowel sound that sounds short when spoken.

We have long vowel sounds and short vowel sounds.

Our vows are A, E, I, O, U.

When spoken in a short sound, it'll be ah, eh, ih, oh, uh.

For instance, the vowel a in the word cat is short, because it makes an ah sound.

And a pneumonic.

A pneumonic is the device, perhaps a short sentence or a poem or a group of words that can help you to memorise something.

In particular, we can use mnemonics to help us memorise spellings.

Please keep an eye out for these words in our learning today.

So here is the lesson outline.

We are looking at these j spellings.

Okay, that ger, ger sound including g, g-e, and d-g-e.

First of all, we're gonna look at spellings and common exception words, then we're going to look at the j spellings and then we're gonna apply the spellings in a sentence in our final learning cycle.

So first thing for us to look at are some common exception words.

A common exception word is a word that does not follow our regular phonics patterns and is therefore trickier to read, harder to read.

You may hear them referred to as this, I like to call them common exception words.

Let's read the following word.

My turn, your turn.

Because, because, or because.

So what might be hard about the spelling? What might be tricky about the spelling? Pause the video, have a look at it.

And there's a couple of things that makes because of tricky spelling, but I would say in particular, it's that A-U-S-E coming towards the end of the word.

It's a sort of shorter sound, isn't it? Because so it's an oh, oh and then almost sounds like zz at the end, doesn't it? So be careful with this one.

We can use a pneumonic device and there's our key keyword mnemonic there to help us with our spelling.

And I'm gonna show you an example of this mnemonic device in action, now.

Big elephants can always use small exits.

So you can see here at the beginning of each of these words, we have the letters that spell out because, big elephants can always use small exits.

That's how I remember that spelling of because, 'cause it is a tricky spelling that doesn't follow our regular phonics patterns.

So have a look here.

Which of these mnemonics is correct to help us spell the word because? Look at 'em carefully.

Think, do the letters at the beginning of each of the words in the mnemonic spell out because? Pause the video, select the correct one now.

Brilliant.

Let's have a look at a then.

Beastly elephants can only swim becos? Hmm, that's not my spelling because though is it, it's not B-E-C-O-S.

Let's have a look at the next one.

Beaming eagles can always use smaller ears.

B-E-C-A-U-S-E.

Oh yeah, absolutely.

So this one, a is incorrect, that's not a pneumonic that helps me to spell the word because, 'cause it's not the correct spelling, but b is the correct one.

Well done if you selected b.

So because these are common exception words, we need to memorise them.

So a really good strategy for doing this is the look, cover, write, check strategy.

This is where I look at a spelling, I then cover it up, I have a go at writing it from memory there, and then I check and see how I did it.

I don't just do this once, I do this a number of times.

So really embed this spelling into my longterm memory.

I'd like you to pause the video now and have a go at using this strategy to write the word because out in your best handwriting a number of times.

Pause the video, off you go.

Fantastic, so I'm hoping that you have the word because written out a number of times, just like this.

Perhaps you used a mnemonic to help you remember it.

Big elephants can always use small exits.

Perhaps you made your own mnemonic, they're quite fun to create.

Have a check.

Did you manage to spell because correctly.

Make any corrections now, pause the video.

Onto our next learning cycle then.

We're gonna be looking at these j spellings, making that ger sound.

And we're gonna be looking at g, g-e and d-g-e as representations of this ger sound.

Let's have a read of some of the following words.

They all contain that j sound.

So let's look at the first ones.

My turn, your turn.

Job, jump, jacket, jungle.

So here we have our j spelling, don't we? And we can clearly see that graph there, that j representing that sound.

Let's have a read of some more words that contain some more j sounds, but with different spellings.

My turn your turn.

Gem, gentle, giant, ginger.

Hmm, which letter there, which grapheme there is making our j sound, I wonder? Let's read the next group of words.

Cage, revenge, rage, cringe.

Like, oh, you cringe.

Oh, you might find something uncomfortable, it might not make you feel very nice.

Oh, that was cringey.

Hmm, I wonder which letters there are making our j sound.

And then finally, badge, lodge, fudge.

Hmm, tasty.

Judged with our ed suffix on the end there.

Hmm, which representations are making are j sound there, I wonder? Pause the video now, have a reread of these words and see where can you hear that j sound being made and what spellings, what graphemes are making that j sound? Pause the video, say the words and have a think now.

Fantastic.

So I can see here that my j sound is being represented a number of ways.

Of course, in the first words, it was being represented with just that j spelling.

In the second column here, it's being represented with a g, it's making that ger sound, gem, gentle, giant, ginger.

In this third column, it's that g-e spelling.

So we have a digraph there.

Two letters making that j sound, representing that sound.

And in our final column we have a trigraph, d-g-e, representing that j, that ger sound, badge, lodge, fudge, judged.

So the g, the g-e and the d-g-e can all make that j sound, that ger sound.

In English, the letters j and g are never used to represent that j phoneme, that ger sound at the end of a word.

And that's why we've got our digraph g-e and our trigraph d-g-e representing that at the end of the word.

You'll notice in our j column and our g column all at the beginning of the word or in ginger's case, there's a g in the middle of the word but not at the end.

Interestingly, an exception to this is the word hajj, which is a religious pilgrimage in the Muslim faith.

But this is actually derived into English from an Arabic word.

So it's a translation and you can see our double j spelling at the end there, but it's not actually English word.

Which column should these words go into then? Let's read them and then let's sort them into the correct columns.

Either are g, g-e, or d-g-e columns.

My turn your turn, gentle.

I gave the cat a gentle stroke.

You did something carefully.

Strange is a synonym for the word odd.

Edge, smudge.

I rubbed out my work and it left a smudge behind.

Energy, cage, the parrot lived in a cage.

Pause the video now and sort these into the correct columns.

Brilliant.

So I'm hoping that you've got these sorted into the correct columns.

We can see here we've got gentle and energy.

And remember, our g spelling's not gonna come at the end of a word.

Then we have strange and cage, our g-e spelling there, hmm.

Both at the end of the word.

And then we have the words edge and smudge again at the end of a word.

The g is usually found at the beginning or in the middle of a word.

Let's have a look at these words.

We have gem, gentle, magic, energy, and giant.

In gem, gentle and giant our g is at the beginning and in magic and energy we can see in the middle of the word here.

Remember, never at the end.

Where is the g spelling usually found in a word? Pause the video and select the answer from a, b, c, or d.

Brilliant.

Can hear some great conversations going on there and people pointing at the correct answer.

Absolutely it is the beginning and the middle.

And we've got here gem, gentle, energy and ginger to show this.

Ginger's a great word, because we can see here it's at the beginning and also in the middle.

The g-e spelling, okay, our digraph, that two letters there that represent that one sound, that j sound, that ger sound, is often found at the end of a word.

Let's look here.

We've got village, large, cage, range, package, like a package or a parcel that you might receive in the post.

The g-e digraph is most commonly found after long vowel sounds or after a consonant.

So if we look here, we can see large, that r is our consonant there coming before our g-e.

In cage, that's a long a sound, isn't it? In range, it's also a long a sound.

And then there's that consonant n before our g-e spelling.

So where is the g-e spelling usually found in a word? Pause a video and select from a, b, c, or d.

Fantastic.

Absolutely it's most commonly found at the end of a word.

And the words village, page and package show this.

Remember, it's usually found after long vowel sounds or a consonant.

Our d-g-e trigraph for that j sound, it's usually found at the end of a word too.

If we see here in the words hedge, ledge, smudge edge, fudge, that d-g-e sound is coming at the end of the word.

This spelling is most commonly found after short vowels, hedge, eh, eh, is a short vowel.

Ledge, eh, eh, is a short vowel.

Smudge, ah, ah, is a short vowel.

Same in edge and fudge, eh and ah.

So if you hear that short vowel before that ger sound, you know it's most likely going to be that d-g-e spelling.

And here the word hedgehog is not obviously coming at the end of the word, the d-g-e, but it's because it's a compound word.

It's at the end of that word hedge and then we've added that word hog onto it.

So a compound word.

So where is the d-g-e spelling usually found in a word? Choose from a, b, c, or d.

Pause the video now.

Good job.

Absolutely it's found at the end of a word.

Hedge, ledge and badge show this.

And remember it's often found after a short vowel sound.

Ah, eh, ih, oh, uh.

So we're gonna have a go now at writing some spellings.

When we do this, you really need to take our time.

I'd like us to stretch the words, sound them out, write it, and then look and check.

And we've got four words that we're going to go through and I'm gonna say them.

The first word is gem, gem.

I found a precious gemstone.

Gem.

Two is cage, the bird lived in a cage.

Three is hedge, hedge.

I need to cut the hedge row in the garden.

And the last one, magic, magic.

The sorcerer cast a magic spell.

So I'll say these words one more time and then you're gonna stretch them, sound 'em out and write them and think which ger, ger spelling for that j sound is going to be in them.

Gem, cage, hedge, magic.

Pause the video and write these words for me now.

Brilliant job everyone.

So let's look and see how you did.

First word was gem.

Now it's that ger sound, isn't it coming at the start of the word.

And so, we've seen that of the spellings we've looked at today, that g spelling often comes at the start of the word.

Our d-g-e comes at the end of a word.

So I can discount the middle one.

And then it's between our first one, that j spelling or that g spelling.

And we've looked today carefully at that g spelling coming just after the word.

So the correct spelling for a gem is in a precious stone, like a ruby, or a sapphire or a diamond, is this word here, G-E-M, gem.

The next word was cage.

Now let's think about this, cage.

It's that ger sound coming at the end of the word.

So no, it's not going to be the first one cage.

It's gonna be between the second and the third one.

So let's think about this, cage.

That's a long vowel sound, isn't it? And we said earlier that that g-e spelling like to come after these longer vowel sounds, cage, brilliant.

Next one was hedge.

Okay, like the hedge row or the hedge that you might need to cut.

Hedge, hedge.

Hmm, well, I don't think it's going to be my second one, because we know that j spelling in English and that g spelling never come at the end of the word.

Hmm, so it's between the first and the second ones.

I definitely think it's gonna be my last one here, 'cause we've been looking at that d-g-e spelling that trigraph representing today.

We've not looked at a d and a g making that j sound have we? So that's the correct spelling.

And finally, magic, m-a-gic, magic.

It's in the middle of the word, isn't it? And we said that our g spelling like to either come at the start or the middle and it's this spelling here and it's just the c making that ca sound at the end of the word, not a k.

Brilliant, check and see how you did, make any corrections now, pause the video.

So onto our final learning cycle, applying spellings within a sentence.

We are going to write a sentence containing some of our focus spellings and common exception words.

When we write the whole sentence, we need to do several things at once.

We need to remember the whole sentence, form letters correctly, so be careful about handwriting, stretch, sorry, sound out each word, look out for common exception words and remember sentence punctuation, capital letters and full stops.

I'm gonna read the sentence you now, just use your amazing hearing and listen to me.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

We are gonna use some strategies now that are gonna help us remember this.

I really need to use to interact with these and have a go doing them.

I'm gonna say the sentence one more time.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

The first one is tapping it out.

You can do this on your head or your shoulders or on the table.

I'll have a go first.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

You pause the video and tap out the sentence now.

Good job.

The next one is shouting it out.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

You pause the video and shout it now, I really need to hear you doing this.

Brilliant, so loud.

I'm finally counting the words on our fingers so we don't miss any of those words.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

One more time.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

I make that nine.

You pause the video and count out that sentence on your fingers.

Good job.

So we're gonna have a chance to write the sentence now.

Please remember to sound out each word, look out for those common exception words and think about sentence punctuation, capital letters and full stops.

I'll say the sentence one more time.

The large giant was angry because of a smudge.

Pause the video and write that sentence for me now.

Brilliant job.

So we're gonna check our work now and make any corrections as we go along.

The, obviously needs to have a capital letter, large, ooh, that's our ger sound, isn't it? Large, and it's at the end.

And here it's after that consonant that r.

So it's our g-e spelling.

Giant, ooh, it's that j sound, isn't it? Okay, which spelling is it gonna be? It's here, it's the g spelling, it's the start of the word, was, w-a-s spells was, angry.

It has a g in it, but it's not making a j sound.

So remember, our g grapheme that g can sometimes make a j sound, but it can also make a ger sound, can't it? So be careful, because big elephants can always use small exits.

Don't forget those mnemonic devices to help you remember those tricky common exception words of a smudge.

Now let's think about this word smudge, smudge.

That's a short uh, uh vowel, isn't it? So it's our d-g-e spelling at the end there.

And obviously, a full stop or perhaps an exclamation mark, because don't forget that giant was angry.

What did you learn? Did you make any magical mistakes? How did you get on with the spelling of any of those common exception words or some of the spellings we've been looking at today? Pause the video, share it with those around you and make any corrections now.

Excellent learning today, everyone.

I'm really impressed.

Today, we've been looking at that j phoneme, that j sound that ger sound, haven't we? And we said it can be spelled in several ways, including g, g-e and d-g-e.

Our g spelling is usually found at the beginning or in the middle of a word.

But remember, it never makes that j sound at the end of a word, in words like gentle, giant, and magic.

Our g-e is usually found at the end of a word after a long vowel or a consonant.

And here we can see that in the words age, page and village.

And our d-g-e spelling, remember, is usually found at the end of a word as well, but after short vowel sounds, ah, eh, ih, oh, uh, words like hedge, edge and badge show you this.

Brilliant work, keep up the great spelling and I'll see you soon.