Lesson video

Hello everyone.

My name's Mrs. Riley and I'm here today to do some grammar learning with you.

In today's lesson, we're going to look at three different types of compound sentence, and each of these will be so helpful in your writing.

So I hope you're ready to learn.

Let's get started.

The outcome of today's lesson is to identify two main verbs in a compound sentence.

Here are our keywords for today's lesson.

There are only two, so I'm going to practise saying them and then I want you to repeat them back to me.

So make sure you've got your listening ears ready and your loud speaking voices ready.

Here we go.

Co-ordination, joining word, well done.

Now coordination might be an unfamiliar word to you.

That's okay 'cause we're going to look at it in further detail in today's lesson.

So let's get started.

Our first learning cycle is all about compound sentences.

So let's listen to some sentences, are you ready? You sitting up straight? Have you got your listening ears ready? The sky is blue and the sun is shining.

Oh, I love those kind of days.

It is very cold outside, but the weather is lovely.

Oh, I like those days too when it's cold, but there's a lovely blue sky.

Maybe some frost on the ground.

Put on your wellies or your feet will get wet.

All of these sentences are about two ideas.

How many ideas are there about? Two, well done, I accidentally nearly did my thumb there to make it three, but it's not three.

It's just two ideas.

They're all about two ideas.

So let's look at them again.

The sky is blue.

There's my first idea and the sun is shining.

There's my second idea.

It is very cold outside.

That's my first idea, but the weather is lovely.

That's my second idea.

Put your wellies on.

That's my first idea.

Or your feet will get wet.

There's my second idea.

So all of these are hopefully you saw the action, compound sentences.

They all have one idea and a second idea, and in the middle they have that joining word which connects them almost like a Lego brick.

It joins the two ideas together.

Can you see the joining words? They're in a different colour.

Can you point at them? Well done.

The joining words are and but and or, there are three different joining words in those three different compound sentences.

Okay, let's check what we've just learnt.

A compound sentence, a compound sentence contains one idea.

Is that true or false? Pause the video while you think about the answer.

Well done if you got the answer false.

A compound sentence isn't about one idea, otherwise it would just look like this.

It's about two ideas, two simple sentences joined together with a joining word is called a compound sentence.

A scaly dragon appeared and the villagers ran away.

A brave knight waved his sword, but the dragon did not move.

Both ideas in a compound sentence must make complete sense on their own.

So let's check in these sentences that we've just looked at.

A scaly dragon appeared.

Now could that be a sentence on its own? If you were writing a story, could you write a sentence, a scaly dragon appeared, yes you could.

That could be a simple sentence.

A scaly dragon appeared.

Dragon is a noun, a naming word for person, place, or thing, appeared is the verb.

It's the doing word that the dragon did and it makes sense.

A scaly dragon appeared.

Let's look at the second idea.

The villagers ran away.

That also could be a sentence on its own.

It makes complete sense.

The villagers ran away.

So both of my ideas in my compound sentence make sense by themselves, but we have just joined them together with the joining word and, let's look at the second example.

A brave knight waved his sword, that makes sense.

Let's look at the second idea, the dragon did not move.

That also makes sense.

Can you hear how it sounds like a complete sentence? The dragon did not move, but we have joined these two ideas to form a compound sentence.

"But" is the joining word in that compound sentence? Each idea in my compound sentence is of equal importance.

On our balancing scales, they would weigh the same.

Let's check what we've just learned, true or false? Both ideas in a compound sentence must make sense on their own.

Is that true or false? Pause the video while you think about the answer.

Well done, it is true.

Both ideas in a compound sentence must make sense on their own.

So we know that every simple sentence contains a verb.

A verb is a being or doing word.

Let's have a look at this example.

Ben ran out of the classroom.

"Ran" is the verb, it's the thing that Ben does.

What does Ben do? He ran out of the classroom.

A compound sentence is made up of two simple sentences and therefore it has to have at least two verbs.

Because if we know that each idea in our compound sentence has to be a complete sentence by itself, we know that a simple sentence has to have a verb.

So a compound sentence is going to have at least two verbs in it.

Let's look at an example.

Ben ran out of the classroom, but the teacher called after him.

So we know that "ran" is the verb in our first idea, but what is the verb in the second idea? Let me read it to you.

So the second idea after the joining word "but", is the teacher called after him.

The teacher called after him.

What's the verb? What's the thing the teacher is doing? The teacher called after him, have some thinking time.

Perhaps you could tell me what do you think the answer is? Well done it's "called" that's the verb.

It's the thing that the teacher is doing.

Ben ran, the teacher called.

Ben and the teacher are both nouns.

They're naming words of people, but the thing that they did, the thing that they are doing in this sentence is running and calling.

So they're the two verbs in this compound sentence.

The first verb comes in the first part of our compound sentence.

The first idea, and the second verb comes in the second idea.

The verb helps to make sure each idea in the sentence makes complete sense.

It can be a doing verb or a being verb.

A doing verb is anything that we can do.

But also it might be not things that we as people can do.

It might be, for example, that the light in my room could still do something.

It could shine.

So anything that something can do is a verb or a being verb.

And these ones are a little bit more difficult to spot, but they're usually words like is or are.

So if you said something like, the boys are happy, are is the verb.

If you said something like, my tummy is rumbling, then is is the verb.

Rumbling is the adjective describing what my tummy, the noun is doing.

But the verb is, is so those ones, those being verbs, we know that we can now look out for by looking for those words like is or are.

So can you spot the verbs in the following compound sentences? Are you ready? It is raining outside and people hide under umbrellas.

Can you spot the verbs in that compound sentence? What are the things that are happening? Where are the doing words? If you want, you could pause the video or take some thinking time or do some pointing.

Off you go.

So in my first part of my sentence, which is "It is raining outside", the main verb is raining, "is" is helping the main verb.

But the thing that is the main action that is happening is it is raining.

In the second part of my compound sentence, this part here, the main thing that is happening is that people are hiding.

That is what people are doing.

They are hiding.

So raining and hide are the two verbs in my compound sentence.

Let's look at another example.

We can go for a walk or we can go to the cinema.

This is one of my compound sentences using the joining word "or" where we have two options, we can go for a walk or we can go to the cinema.

What are the two verbs in this compound sentence? Have some thinking time, maybe do some pointing.

Well done, the verbs are go and go.

It's the same verb twice.

We can go for a walk or we can go to the cinema.

Go is the verb.

It's the doing word.

The duck swam past us but it didn't eat any of the bread.

What are the two things that the duck is doing in my compound sentence? Have some thinking time.

Maybe point at the two verbs.

I see you pointing, well done.

The verbs are swam and eat.

The duck swam past us, but it didn't eat any of the bread.

Swam and eat, they are the verbs.

They are the doing words.

So let's check what we've just learned.

What does a compound sentence always contain? A, question mark.

B, at least two verbs.

C, two ideas of equal importance, D, an exclamation mark.

Pause the video while you answer the question now.

Well done.

The answers are a compound sentence always contains at least two verbs and two ideas of equal importance.

We know it has to contain at least two verbs because it's got to have two complete ideas and to be a complete idea or to be a simple sentence, it has to have a verb in it.

We have two ideas.

So we have two simple sentences joined together.

So therefore we will have two verbs.

So for your first task, I would like you to circle the two main verbs in each of these compound sentences.

Number one is you can play in the garden or you can sit in the kitchen.

Number two, the choir sang tunefully and the audience listened in silence.

Number three, Izzy ran into the playground, but there was a long queue for the swings.

Number four, we can walk to the park or we can skip to the museum.

Number five, it is cold outside and people wear hats and scarves.

So for your task, you need to reread the sentences and circle the two main verbs in each of these compound sentences.

Remember, the joining word joins the two parts or the two ideas together.

So you should have one verb before the joining word in the first idea and one verb in the second idea after the joining word.

Good luck with this task, pause the video now.

Well done, let's go through the answers.

So in the first compound sentence, you can play in the garden or you can sit in the kitchen.

My verbs are play and sit.

They are the main verbs, the doing words.

The choir sang tunefully and the audience listened in silence.

My verbs are sang and listened.

The thing the choir is doing is singing.

The thing the audience is doing is listening.

Izzy ran.

There's my first verb into the playground, but there was a long queue for the swings.

This is a bit trickier, but there was a long queue for the swings.

I can't really find anything that anyone is doing in that sentence.

Long, that's an adjective, that's describing the noun.

The thing which is the queue.

So I think in this sentence, in this part of my compound sentence "was" is the verb, but it's not a doing verb, it's a being verb.

Well done if you spotted that.

Number four, we can walk to the park or we can skip to the museum.

The two verbs are walk and skip.

They're the two doing words, the things that we could do.

And finally, it is cold outside and people wear hats and scarves.

Again, this one is a little bit more difficult.

The first part, or my first idea of my compound sentence is it is cold outside.

Cold is an adjective, that's describing the noun, which is outside, which is a naming word for a place.

So it is cold outside.

So I think that my verb must be, is, it's one of those being verbs.

And in the second part of my compound sentence, people wear hats and scarfs.

My doing word is "wear", that is the thing they are doing.

Well done if you managed to find those verbs.

Sometimes I like to say, if you've done really well in an activity, give yourselves a PAT on the BACK.

Can you say that with me, ready? Give yourselves a PAT on the BACK.

Well done, that was a really tricky task and you did really well identifying those verbs.

So now we're going to look at three different joining words.

Let's take a look at what they are.

"And", "but", "or", these are all joining words, they join two ideas together a bit like a Lego brick.

Joining words can join two simple sentences together to form a compound sentence.

Joining two simple sentences with "and", "but" or "or" is called coordination.

That's one of our key words for today's lesson.

This is just one of those things that we just have to know that when we join two simple sentences with "and", "but" or "or", it is called coordination.

My turn, your turn, coordination.

Well done, co-ordination, well done.

This is a bit like how if we add two things together in maths, it is called addition.

When we join two simple sentences together, it's called coordination.

So let's listen to some joining words in sentences.

I like swimming and I can go underwater.

The sea is cold, but I wear a wetsuit to stay warm.

We can go in the sea or we can build a sandcastle.

These are all examples of compound sentences.

They each have got two main ideas and they are each joined with a joining word.

They contain two simple sentences joined by a joining word.

True or false? A joining word is used to start a sentence.

True or false? A joining word is used to start a sentence, true or false? Pause the video now.

Well done if you got the answer false.

A joining word isn't used to start a sentence.

We wouldn't have a Lego brick at the start because it's got nothing to join.

It goes in the middle.

It joins up our two ideas, it connects them.

So there are three joining words that we can use to join ideas together in a compound sentence.

Can you tell me what they are? I wonder if you can remember, what are the three joining words that we have learnt? Perhaps if you can remember them, you can hold them on your chest, if you've remembered them, hold them on your chest.

If you are still a bit unsure, I'm gonna give you a clue.

One of them is, and, one of them is and, what are the other two? When you've got them ready, we're going to say them after three.

Ready, one, two, three.

Well done, they are and, but and or.

These are our three joining words.

Let's take a look at them in action.

I walked to the station and I bought a ticket.

I ran to the bus stop, but I missed the bus.

We could go to Newcastle or we could go to Brighton.

Hopefully you saw via my actions that even though these are all compound sentences and they all have joining words, the joining words have different purposes.

We use them in different ways.

In the first example using and, I did this action because my second idea was building onto my first idea and that's what and helps us to do.

In my second sentence, I did this action because we had two opposing ideas.

They were different, I ran the bus stop but I missed the bus.

And finally for or, I did this action because we had two options and that's one of the ways that or can be used.

So and is for building on.

We went to the farm and we saw lots of animals.

The second idea builds on the first the fire was warm and we toasted marshmallows.

The second idea builds onto my first, the man gave us food.

Sorry, the man gave us our food and we ate it on a bench in the park.

The second idea builds onto the first idea.

So let's check your understanding of what we've just learned.

Could you tick the compound sentences? Pause the video now.

The compound sentences are, I enjoy drawing and I like to sing and finish your home learning.

And then you can play in both of these compound sentences, there are two ideas join together with and, and the second idea builds onto the first idea, but is our second joining word.

It is for a positive and a negative.

Or it could be the other way around.

A negative and a positive.

But we can't have two positives, two things that build on or the same.

We can't have two negatives.

They've got to be opposing or different.

Alex wears blue glasses, but his favourite colour is yellow.

So really he should wear yellow glasses.

It is late but the shop is still open.

We watched the game, but our team lost the match.

So could you tick the joining words, A, I, B, the C, but D, and, pause the video now.

Well done, the joining words are "but" and "and".

And our third joining word is "or", "or" is for an option or an effect or a result.

Let's look at some examples.

Would you like a biscuit or would you like some cake? There are two different options.

Go to bed or you will be tired.

That's an effect or a result.

So if you don't go to bed, you will be tired.

You will be tired if you don't go to bed.

The second part idea is a result of the first idea or an effect of the first idea.

I will take my coat or I will get wet again.

I will get wet if I don't take my coat.

It's an effect of the first idea.

So let's check what we've just learned.

Could you match the joining word to its purpose? The joining words are "and", "but", "or", the purposes are either for an option or an effect, for building on or for a positive and a negative.

Could you in the air draw lines to match the joining words to the purpose? Pause the video now.

Well done, let's go through the answers, and is for building on, but is for a positive or a negative, or is for an option or an effect.

Well done if you manage to identify the correct answers.

Can you spot the joining words in these compound sentences? Let's go to the park and we can ride our bikes.

Could you please point at the joining word in that compound sentence? Off you go, let me see your fingers.

Well done.

The joining word is, and, here's our second one.

Bring your helmet or you can't ride your bike.

Can I see you pointing? Well done.

The joining word is, or, the bike looks new but it needs some repairs.

Can you point at the joining word? Well done, the joining word is, but.

Now we are going to underline the two ideas that make these compound sentences.

Let's go to the park, we can ride our bikes.

These are the two ideas that have been joined with my joining word "And".

Bring your helmet, you can't ride your bike.

And finally, the bike looks new, it needs some repairs.

Hopefully you could hear then when I read each part or each idea that it made complete sense on its own.

But we have joined them together using our joining word.

So for your task, you are going to do what we just did together.

You are going to circle the joining word in each sentence and then you are going to underline the two ideas.

So I will read them to you.

Number one, get dressed quickly or you will be late for school.

Number two, the light was off and the room was pitch black.

Number three, you can watch the fireworks or you can go to bed.

Number four, Lucas was tired but he wanted to finish his book.

Number five, it was nighttime, but the street outside was noisy.

Could you please firstly circle the joining word and secondly, underline the two ideas in these compound sentences.

Pause the video now.

Let's go through the answers.

Get dressed quickly or you'll be late for school.

Or is the joining word, get dressed quickly is the first idea, you will be late for school is the second idea.

The second idea in this sentence is a result or an effect of the first one.

And that's why we've used or in this second example and is the joining word.

The light was off is my first idea.

The room was pitch black is my second idea.

Here I've used and because the second idea builds on the first idea, the room was pitch black, the light was off, it builds onto the first idea.

Number three, the joining word is or, the first idea is you can watch the fireworks.

The second idea is you can go to bed.

There are two options and that is why they have been joined with the joining word or.

The joining word here is, but, the first idea is Lucas was tired.

The second idea is he wanted to finish his book.

Here we've got two opposing ideas.

Lucas was tired, but he really wanted to finish his book.

That's why we've used the joining word but.

My joining word here is, but, again, my first idea is it was nighttime.

My second idea was the street outside was noisy, again, we've got two different or opposing ideas.

You would think if it was nighttime that it would be quiet, but the street outside was noisy, which is not what we'd expect.

That's why we've used the joining word, but.

So let's summarise what we've learnt today.

We have learnt that a compound sentence is formed of at least two simple sentences and a joining word.

We've learnt that a compound sentence has its least two different verbs.

Joining two sentence simple sentences with and, but or or is called coordination.

And, but or, or are three different joining words.

Different joining words have different purposes.

That's why it's so useful to know all three because we can use them in different ways.

I think you have worked so hard today and I'm going to say it one more time.

You can give yourselves an enormous PAT on the BACK, I hope you are patting yourselves on the back as I said that.

So well done for all your hard work and hopefully this week you can put this into practise and you could perhaps write some of your very own compound sentences using "and", "but" or "or".

So well done and hopefully I'll see you again soon, bye.