Lesson video

Hello everyone, it's Mr. Brown here with your English lesson for today.

And we are editing.

We are editing our instructions for how to make a monster pizza.

So let's get editing, shall we? The outcome for today's lesson is I can edit and improve my instructions for making a monster pizza.

Our keywords are, editing, punctuation.

Let's say this together.

My turn then your turn.

Editing, punctuation.

Perfect, very good.

Okay, our lesson today, we're going to start by focusing on editing punctuation, and then move on to editing words.

So editing punctuation.

I have a question for you.

Have you ever used the rubber on a pencil to erase something? Perhaps when building something out of blocks, you have paused, taken some blocks away, change something.

A way of perhaps improving the model you are making.

There are lots of times when we need to change things to make them better, and we do this in our writing too.

Editing is the process of making any changes needed to improve our writing.

It's called editing.

Now when you edit, you decide what you will change and what you will keep the same.

Even very successful writers need and want to edit their work.

Editing doesn't mean rewriting everything again, it is about making certain corrections and improvements.

So we don't need to feel overwhelmed or daunted by the task of editing.

We are not doing the whole thing again.

It's just about making small tweaks to improve what we already have.

Now the job of an editor is to check for mistakes in punctuation, make improvements in words choices.

And in this lesson, you are going to be editors.

Let's check our understanding.

Editing is the process of A, rewriting a whole piece of text.

B, checking for punctuation errors.

C, making improvements in word choices, and D, writing the text again with better handwriting.

What is editing? Editing is the process of A, B, C, or D.

Pause the video and decide for yourself now.

Welcome back, everyone.

Let's see if you managed to find the correct answer.

So editing is the process of B, checking for punctuation errors, and C, making improvements in word choices.

A, rewriting a whole piece of text.

We've said absolutely not.

And D, writing the text again with better handwriting.

No, that is not what we're doing.

We are not rewriting everything out.

We are just checking for punctuation errors and making improvements in our word choices.

That's what editing is.

Now, one of the main things you'll be checking and editing is punctuation.

Punctuation is the name for the symbols and marks used to make our sentences clearer and easier to read.

So every symbol and mark like a capital, well, a capital letter is a type of punctuation, but things like commas, full stops, exclamation marks, question marks, speech marks, perhaps you've seen in books, These are the type of punctuation will be working on.

This includes all the punctuation you already know, such as capital letters, full stops, commas, exclamation marks, and question marks.

In this lesson, our editing for punctuation errors means finding mistakes with capital letters, full stops and commas.

It all starts with being able to spot mistakes.

There are missing or incorrect capital letters in this sentence.

Let's see if you can spot them.

Shall I'll read it to you? After that, spread the stringy slime sauce on top.

Now there are missing or incorrect capital letters in that sentence, can you spot them? If you can maybe tell a partner or say them out loud to me.

Let's see if you manage to spot the mistakes.

We have a capital letter missing at the beginning of a sentence.

Every sentence you write will start with a capital letter and this one doesn't.

There is also an incorrect capital letter, a capital letter that's there, but it shouldn't be.

We should not have a capital T in the middle of our sentence.

So for the word top, it does not have a capital letter, but it does here.

But we don't need to worry.

These are mistakes that can be edited and fixed.

Now we know capital letters are used at the beginning of sentences and to begin proper nouns, we keep this in mind and check if there's a capital letter at the beginning of every sentence, and if there isn't, we edit.

It's absolutely fine if you've made a mistake.

That's why we edit.

Now let's take a look at that sentence again.

We are going to edit by crossing out the mistake with a neat diagonal line and adding the edit just above.

So we can see that that A at the start of the sentence is not a capital and it should be, So a neat diagonal line to cross out the little A that we do not want, and then a capital A just above.

Once we've checked the capital letter at the start of a sentence, we should then scan through to see if there's any other capital letters that have been used in the sentence.

If we spot one, we must check that it is being used for a proper now.

And if it isn't, we need to edit that capital letter.

So we remember, we looked at this, didn't we? And there was a couple of letters that shouldn't have been there.

So let's scan through.

Can we spot it? Yeah, there it is.

The top, the T for top.

So again, we do this by crossing out the mistake with a neat diagonal line.

There it is.

And then adding the edit just above a little T instead of a capital T.

Let's check our understanding of this.

How do we cross out a mistake? Is it A, with a big cross, B, with a neat diagonal line, or C, by scribbling over the mistake.

Pause the video and decide for yourself now.

Welcome back, everyone.

So how do we cross out a mistake? With a big cross? No, that would not look neat.

By scribbling over the mistake? Absolutely not.

It is B, with a neat diagonal line, and that is it.

Now, editing for punctuation errors also means finding mistakes with full stops.

In a set of instructions, we expect each sentence to end with a full stop.

We check every sentence to see if it has a full stop.

So here's an example.

Then, roll the rotten dough into a flat circle.

There's no full stop at the end.

No full stop at the end of this sentence.

If a full stop is missing, we edit one in by adding it in the correct place.

So there's nothing to cross out here.

We just pop the full stop in and you can see it is now there.

We must also check that there are no full stops in the wrong place in a sentence.

For example, a full stop in the middle of a sentence, that would be a problem.

So here we have a sentence.

First, mix the slimy alien eggs with a pungent dog's drool in a large bowl.

Full stop.

And slowly knead together to make the dough.

Another full stop.

Okay, something seems wrong here.

There is a full stop at the end of this sentence, but there's also one in the middle of this sentence before the word and.

Now that should not be there.

That is a full stop in the middle of a sentence.

So that is something that we will need to edit.

Again we edit this by crossing out the mistake with a neat diagonal line.

There it is.

Nothing to add, we don't want to add another full stop.

We don't want to add a comma or anything differently, we just cross that one out.

Let's check our understanding.

Which of these sentences uses a full stop correctly? Is it A? Then, roll the rotten dough, full stop, into a flat circle, full stop.

B, after that, spread the stringy slime sauce on top.

C.

Next, gently sprinkle the poisonous witch's warts on top of the pizza.

Full stop.

What do we think? A, B, or C? Pause the video and decide which one's the correct answer now.

Welcome back, everyone.

So which of these sentences used a full stop correctly? A, then, roll the rotten dough, full stop, into a flat circle.

Not A, it has a full stop in the middle as well as at the end.

B, after that, spread the stringy slime sauce on top.

Well, there's no full stop at all there.

And C, next, gently sprinkle a poisonous witch's warts on top of the pizza.

Full stop.

Well done if you said C.

C is the correct answer.

A, had a full stop in the middle and B, no full stop at all.

Once we have checked the capital letters and full stops, we check our commas.

In a set of instructions.

We are checking to see if a comma has been used after any ordering fronted adverbials.

So all the ordering fronted adverbials in a set of instructions should have a comma after them.

If we see a comma is missing, we edit this in by just adding one.

So we can edit this by adding one in.

Ordering fronted adverbials are used to sequence our instructions and have a comma after.

For example, first, and that would be, mix the slimy and then you'd say the instruction.

Then, after that, they all start these instructions with an ordering fronted adverbial with a comma at the end of it.

Let's check our understanding.

Which of these instructions is missing a comma after the ordering fronted adverbial? Is it A, then, roll the rotten dough into a flat circle, B, after that spread the stringy slime sauce on top.

Or C, next, gently sprinkle the poisonous witch's warts and fragile mermaid scales on top of the pizza.

And I deliberately haven't said the commas out loud.

So you need to have a good check to see which of these instructions is missing a coma after the ordering fronted adverbial.

Pause the video and decide for yourself.

Welcome back, everyone.

Let's see if you manage to find the right answer.

So which of these instructions is missing a comma after the ordering fronted adverbial? Well done if you said B.

After that and then there's no comma.

There should be a comma after after that.

So well done if you said B.

Time for a task.

I would like you to edit the punctuation in your instructions by reading through carefully and slowly.

You are checking for the following things.

You're checking for capital letters used only at the start of each instruction and for any proper nouns.

You're checking for full stops at the end of each instruction and you're checking for commas used after ordering fronted adverbials.

Now I want you to work through by focusing on each of these one at a time.

If you see anything that needs to be edited, add it in.

If you spot anything that needs to be removed, simply put a neat diagonal line through the mistake.

Now, if you do not have your own writing to edit, you can use these three instructions and you can edit these.

So you're either going to edit your own or edit these.

Pause the video and have a go at editing instructions now.

Welcome back, everyone, well done.

Whether you were editing your own instructions or you were editing these ones, editing the punctuation in those instructions was the task that you were doing.

So let's have a look at these three instructions and how we would edit them.

Remember, we're looking for capital letters used only at the start of each instruction and for any proper nouns, full stops at the end of each instruction and commas used after ordering fronted adverbials.

So the first thing we're gonna look for is capital letters used only at the start of each instruction and for any proper nouns.

So let's scan through.

Number one, yep, that has a capital letter at the start.

Capital F.

Number two has a capital T for then.

And number three has, oh, does not have a capital for A for after.

So let's cross that little one out and put a capital A in.

Perfect, so that's been edited.

Next thing we're gonna do is check that there are not any capital letters in the middle of these instructions.

So the first one looks good.

Yeah, the second one, then roll the, oh, that's a capital H in the middle of number two.

Then roll the rotten dough.

And dough has gone capital at the end.

So let's cross that's out with a little one and then check the last one.

Yep, that's all fine.

Okay, so next is up to full stops.

Full stops at the end of each instruction.

First one, first mix.

Ah, does not have a full stop at the end of number one.

So let's pop that in.

There it is.

Number two, yep, full stop.

And number three, full stop, great.

And then commas used after ordering fronted adverbials.

Let's see if we've got that.

So first comma, then, no, no, comma.

Let's pop that in, number two, there it is.

And number three after that, comma.

Good, well done.

Okay, so capital letters, I've checked those, full stops and commas, great.

Let's move on to editing words.

When we edit word choices, we carefully review and make changes to the words in our writing.

Editing word choices in instructions can have a big impact on the writing by improving how clear it is.

When we are editing, we need to make sure that we check that our word choices are precise, so they're exactly what we want.

We're not being vague, especially in the instructions, very important.

And we need to choose words that match the text type.

Let's check our understanding.

Editing word choices in your writing will not have a big impact.

Is that true or false? Editing word choices in your writing will not have a big impact.

True or false? Pause the video and decide is that true or is that false? Now.

Welcome back.

Everyone, let's see if you found the right answer.

Editing word choices in your writing will not have a big impact is false.

It will have a big impact.

Well done if you said false.

In our instructions for making a monster pizza, we are focusing on the imperative verbs and the adjectives chosen.

We want the imperative verbs to be the most precise words possible to ensure the reader can complete the instructions correctly.

We want our adjectives to be the most accurately descriptive so the reader can really picture the nouns that the adjectives are describing.

Imperative verbs are the bossy verbs used to tell the reader exactly what to do in each instruction.

We want the imperative verbs to be precise, to ensure that the reader can complete the instructions correctly.

For example, first, stir the ingredients together in a bowl.

Stir is the imperative verb.

Now there are more precise verbs that we could have used.

Things like mix, combine, blend.

So we would cross out stir and add in, perhaps, combine instead, and that's how we would edit a word.

So similarly to how we edited punctuation, you put one neat line through and then the word you want to replace it on top.

Imperative verbs are the bossy verbs used to tell the reader exactly what to do in each instruction.

Is that true or is that false? Pause the video and decide now.

Welcome back, everyone, let's see if you found the right answer.

Imperative verbs are the bossy verbs used to tell the reader exactly what to do in each instruction is true.

Well done if you said true.

Adjectives help the reader to picture the nouns in your writing.

We want our adjectives to be precise in our instructions.

For example, then, roll the soft dough into a flat circle.

So soft is the adjective.

Now there are more precise adjectives we could have chosen instead of soft.

Sticky, squelchy, clammy.

These give more of a precise description of what that dough would feel like to touch.

So we would cross out soft and replace it with, for example, clammy.

That's how we would improve the word choices in our instructions.

So now it's over to you.

I would like you to edit the imperative verbs and adjectives in your instructions.

You need to find the imperative verbs, first of all, and adjectives in each instruction.

And then decide if they can be edited to be more precise by using a different word.

Maybe they can't.

Maybe the word you have chosen is perfect.

It is the most precise.

You need to make that decision.

Work through by focusing on imperative verbs first and then adjectives.

If you spot any words that can be improved, simply put a neat diagonal line through the word you do not want and write the word that you do want instead above.

Again, if you do not have your own instructions, you can use these.

It is completely up to you.

You can use your own or use mine.

Perhaps, if you finish editing yours, you might want to have a go at mine.

So, edit the imperative verbs and adjectives by using your work or mine.

Pause the video and do this now.

Welcome back, everyone.

So let's see if you were right.

Here is the examples that I use.

And remember, we're looking for precise imperative verbs and precise adjectives.

So let's use the imperative verbs first.

So in that first example we have, mix the wet alien eggs.

So let's cross mix out and perhaps replace that with combine.

First to combine the wet alien eggs, 'cause we are combining the eggs with the dog's drool.

Okay, let's stick with number one.

And now look at the precise adjectives.

So we've got wet alien eggs.

I think wet is okay with the bad dog's drool.

We can definitely cross out bad and come up with something better than that.

Dog's drool would be perhaps disgusting rather than bad.

Okay, now I'm working my way through number one, and I can see there is an imperative verb.

So that would be rub.

Rub is not very precise.

So let's say, and slowly, let's cross out rub, slowly knead together to make the dough.

We're not rubbing the dough together, we are kneading it together.

Okay, that seems good for number one.

Number two, then put the rotten dough into a flat circle.

Now put is not a very precise imperative verb.

So let's replace that with roll the rotten dough into a flat circle.

Yeah, that's much better.

And number three, after that, spread the thin slime sauce on top.

Let's get rid of thin, that's not a very precise adjective.

Slime sauce, what would that be like? Think about how it would feel.

Put your fingers in it.

Okay, let's go for spread the runny slime sauce on top, it would run through your fingers.

So that's a bit more precise.

So here you can see how I have gone through, been quite critical of some of my word choices.

Edited and improved.

Imperative verbs, edited, precise adjectives, edited.

Okay, let's summarise our learning today.

Editing is the process of making any changes needed to improve our writing.

Punctuation is the name for the marks used to make our sentences clearer and easier to read.

When we edit word choices, we carefully review and make changes to the words in our writing.

Excellent work today.

Fantastic monster pizza instructions.

I will see you again very soon.