Lesson video

Hello everyone, it's Mr. Brown here with your English lesson for today.

And we're going to be writing.

We're going to be writing the climax of the animated story, "Otherwise".

This is the most exciting part of the story, and so I am so excited to see your amazing writing.

Let's get started, shall we? The outcome for today's lesson is, "I can write the climax of 'Otherwise'." The keywords we will use are, "fronted adverbial of manner", "adverb", "joining word", and "compound sentences".

Let's take a look at the definitions, but just before we do, let's say those words together.

My turn then your turn, so you get a chance to say them out loud.

Fronted adverbial of manner.

Adverb.

Joining word.

Compound sentences.

Fabulous.

So the definitions.

A fronted adverbial of manner is a sentence starter that tells the reader how something happened or how a character was feeling.

A word that describes a verb, well that's an adverb.

A joining word is a word that joins words or ideas.

Compound sentences.

They are a sentence that is formed of two simple sentences and a joining word.

Okay, we'll start today's lesson by preparing to write, and then move on to writing the climax.

Here is the story of "Otherwise", structured on a story staircase, and in this lesson we are writing the climax.

The purpose of the climax is to do these things.

Describe the significant challenge or problem, create the highest point of tension and excitement, and keep the reader engaged and interested.

The purpose of the climax is, let's check your understanding.

Is it A, to solve a problem? B, to describe the problem? C, to create lots of tension? Or D, to introduce a problem? The purpose of the climax is? Pause the video and decide now.

And welcome back everyone.

So the purpose of the climax is of course to describe the problem and to create lots of tension.

To solve the problem will come in the resolution, and to introduce a problem comes in the buildup.

Let's watch the climax so you know what this section of "Otherwise" contains.

Pause the video and watch the clip now.

(tense instrumental music) (eagle screeches) (lizard screams) (lizards growl) (tense instrumental music builds) (lizards growl) (panting) (leaves rustle) (dramatic music) (lizards growl) And welcome back.

I hope you enjoyed the climax.

It's the most exciting part of the animation, and I love to watch it.

So I hope you did too.

In the climax, we describe the problem and create lots of tension.

An eagle swoops down and grabs one of the green chameleons.

Then the other green chameleons are angry, and they blame Anders.

They chase him up rocky mountains.

That's the climax.

That's what we're writing today.

Two simple sentences joined together by the joining word is called a compound sentence.

And here is an example.

"The eagle swooped down and grabbed a green chameleon." And you can see we have two simple sentences, and that joining word in the middle, "and", joined them together.

"The chameleons were furious, and they glared angrily at Anders." Again, we've got two simple sentences.

"The chameleons were furious." "They glared angrily at Anders." That's two simple sentences.

And they are joined with a joining word, and the joining word is "and".

Both ideas in a compound sentence must make complete sense on their own.

You could write just, "The eagle swooped down," full stop.

Perfectly okay.

It makes sense on its own.

Each idea is of equal importance.

And that's why this image of a scale works really well to be able to help us remember that each idea is of equal importance.

Can you spot any examples of compound sentences using the joining word "and"? You might want to pause the video, and work with a partner to have a look and try and spot some examples of compound sentences using the joining word "and" in this example of a climax.

Pause the video and have a look now.

Okay, and welcome back.

Let's take a look.

Did you spot that there are three examples of compound sentences using the word "and"? I'll read you the first one.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down, and violently grabbed one of the green chameleons in its vicious, sharp talons." Perfect! Oh, sorry! Four examples.

I've just seen another one.

Four examples of compound sentences.

True or false? Both ideas in a compound sentence must make sense on their own.

Is that true or is that false? Pause the video and decide now.

And welcome back.

Let's see if you were right.

Both ideas in a compound sentence must make sense on their own is true.

Well done if you said true.

We are focusing on using the joining word "and".

Joining two simple sentences with "and" is called coordination.

Now remember that "and" is used for building on ideas in our writing.

So we're not contrasting anything, we are keeping the same direction.

We are building on everything that we've talked about already.

We are talking about the same type of thing if we're using "and" as a joining word.

"And" is for building on.

"Anders desperately ran from the chameleons." So, if I'm going to use "and" now, I need to talk about another sentence, which is talking about the same sort of thing.

So Anders running from the chameleons, Anders being scared, the chameleons chasing him, anything along those lines.

So, "Anders desperately ran from the chameleons, and," I'm building on, "climbed up a rocky mountain to escape." Perfect.

Now, fronted adverbials of manner show how something was done, or how someone felt at that time.

They can be just one word, and that word often ends in "ly".

Ly words, such as, "Frantically, Anders darted through the jungle to escape the chameleons." "Angrily, the green chameleons glared at him." "Swiftly, the huge hungry eagle flew down." These words, well they're all adverbs.

Adverbs are words that describe a verb.

Say that with me.

"Adverbs are words that describe a verb." Very important.

Adverbs can change the way a verb in a sentence is done.

For example, we've got the verb, which is "chased".

"The chameleons chased Anders." "Angrily, the chameleons chased Anders." Okay, that image is in my head.

They're chasing him and they're angry.

They're doing it in an angry way.

"Playfully, the chameleons chased Anders." Okay, so it's now entirely different.

I now have the image of a game.

It makes me think of children playing in the playground, playfully chasing each other.

Let's look at it again.

"Anders ran away." The verb is "ran", of course.

So, "Excitedly, Anders ran away." Okay, so he's excited, maybe he's smiling.

"Anxiously, Anders ran away." So now very different.

He's running away because he's worried that something bad is about to happen.

Can you spot any fronted adverbials of manner in this climax? Again, pause the video and work with a partner to see if you can spot any examples of fronted adverbials of manner.

Pause the video, and have a look now.

Welcome back, everyone.

"Suddenly, a huge hungry eagle." Wait a second.

Is "suddenly" a fronted adverbial of manner? It is! "Suddenly" is there, "angrily" is there, and "nervously" is there.

Let me read that last sentence for you.

"Nervously, Anders kept running and running." If I change that to "excitedly", it would be a very very different ending sentence of my climax, wouldn't it? Which of these is a fronted adverbial of manner? Is it A, after a minute? B, later that day? Or C, nervously? Which of these is a fronted adverbial of manner? Pause the video and decide now.

Welcome back.

Okay, let's have a look.

Which of these is a fronted adverbial of manner? Well, "after a minute" is a fronted adverbial of time.

It tells us how long has passed between sentences.

"Later that day" is another fronted adverbial of time, which means "nervously", C, is the correct answer.

It's a fronted adverbial of manner.

These are fronted adverbials of time, which you will also be using for your writing as well.

So don't disregard those.

Fronted adverbials of time are still good to use, and we should be using them, but the question was asking about a fronted adverbial of manner, and for that, the answer is C.

Time for a task.

Use this part of your plan to say the first two sentences of the climax of "Otherwise".

Include a fronted adverbial of manner for at least one of your sentences.

Pause the video, and use this part of your plan to say the first two sentences of the climax of "Otherwise".

Pause the video and complete this task now.

Welcome back.

Okay, let's have a look at an example.

So we've got, "Just then, a huge, hungry eagle appeared in the sky above." And you can see, I've used the adjectives and nouns in my plan.

"Huge hungry eagle".

"Just then, a huge, hungry eagle appeared in sky above and swooped down." Full stop.

"Aggressively," now that's an adverb.

That is my fronted adverbial of manner.

"Aggressively, the eagle grabbed a frozen, terrified chameleon with its sharp, deadly talons." And we said the talons are its claws.

Let's do exactly the same, but this time for this part of our plan.

And I want you to include a fronted adverbial of manner, and an expanded noun phrase using two adjectives.

And I've highlighted them for you in the plan, so you can use them too.

Okay, pause the video and use this part of your plan to say the next two sentences of the climax.

Pause the video now.

And welcome back.

Let's have a look at an example.

See how close it was to yours.

"Angrily," there you go, there's my fronted adverbial of manner, "the green chameleons glared at Anders and they gritted their sharp," comma, "white teeth." And there is my adjective, comma, adjective, noun.

My two adjectives in my expanded noun phrase.

Let's keep reading.

"Straight away, they accusingly pointed at the terrified, red chameleon." And again, "terrified" and "red" are adjectives to describe the chameleon.

Let's move on to the final part of the climax.

And I'd like you to again, include a fronted adverbial of manner, and an ambitious verb from your plan, and you can see there are ambitious verbs.

Four of them in the verbs and adverbs column.

Okay, it's over to you.

Pause the video and use this part of your plan to say the ending of your climax now.

And welcome back.

Let's take a look at an example and see how close it is to what you said.

"Desperately," okay, there's my fronted adverbial of manner, "Anders sprinted away from the chameleons and tried to escape.

Relentlessly, the raging lizards chased him, and Anders glanced back with tear-filled, wide eyes." So you can see I've got those ambitious verbs, "sprinted" and "chased", instead of just "ran".

And I've got my fronted adverbials of manner, "relentlessly" and "desperately".

My sentences are really coming together now.

I think you're in a great position to start writing the climax.

Now when we write, we always try to do these things.

We try to plan and say each sentence before we write it.

Use punctuation when we know the rules.

Vary our sentence types.

Write letters neatly on the line in joined handwriting.

Sound out words to spell them accurately.

Read our sentences out loud to check they make sense.

And edit to improve our writing if necessary.

Which of these do we always try to do when writing? Is it A, write letters floating above the line? B, write letters neatly on the line in joined handwriting? Or C, write letters across several lines? Pause the video and decide now.

Welcome back.

Okay, well done if you said B.

Of course we write letters neatly on the line in joined handwriting.

We do not want them floating above the line, and we definitely don't want them written across several lines.

Here's the success criteria we're gonna use for our writing today.

I'll read it to you now.

I have included ambitious vocabulary from my plan.

I have included fronted adverbials of manner.

I have included a compound sentence using the joining word "and", and I have read my writing back to check for any mistakes.

Okay, it is now my turn.

I'm going to write the first few sentences of my climax, and we'll use a success criteria to be able to check against as well, to see how I've got on.

Okay, it's over to me.

Let's take a look at me writing the first few sentences of my climax.

Okay, so, I'm going to start by describing the moment that the eagle swoops down and picks up one of the green chameleons.

So let me start with a fronted adverbial of manner that describes how this happened.

And for me, it has to be "suddenly", because this happened out of the blue.

We weren't expecting it.

So I'm gonna start with "suddenly".

I'm gonna make sure I've got my capital letter.

"Sudden", and I know fronted adverbials of manner, they're often adverbs, and so therefore it will end in "ly", L-Y.

"Suddenly, a huge," what else can I describe him as? I want two adjectives to describe the eagle.

"A huge, something eagle," I guess he's swooping down.

Why is he swooping it down? Probably to eat the chameleon.

So, "A huge, hungry eagle." "Suddenly a huge, hungry eagle." Let's go for "swooped".

You could say "flew down", but I think "swooped" describes it a little bit clearer for the reader.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down." And that could be my full stop, but I'm going to use a joining word, I'm gonna use "and" to be able to create a compound sentence.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down." Could be a full stop, but I'm going to use an "and".

And I'm checking my success criteria.

I can see I've got that in there.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down and.

." Picked up? Grabbed? "Grabbed" is quite nice.

Let's get an adverb in there.

How did it grab? "Violently grabbed." Nice.

"Violently grabbed one of the green chameleons." I always remember chameleons as it's got a "ch" at the start.

I always remember it as cham-ele-ons.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down and violently grabbed one of the green chameleons." I could use a full stop there, but I'm gonna just say what it used to grab one of the green chameleons.

So, "Grabbed one of the green chameleons in.

." All these extra levels of detail that are just helping to make my writing even more vivid.

"In its claws?" No, they're not called claws.

They're called talons, aren't they? "In its talons." Full stop.

Good.

Okay, that's looking like a nice first sentence.

Let's read it back.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down and violently grabbed one of the green chameleons in its talons." Lovely.

Good.

Okay, let me just check.

I know my success criteria says I've read my writing back to check for mistakes.

So I'm just going to read that now.

And suddenly, ah.

I spotted something.

I spotted two things on the first line.

Can you see them? There are two commas missing.

Where should they go? One of them is after a fronted adverbial of manner.

So suddenly, comma.

And one of them is in between two adjectives in an expanded noun phrase.

And of course that would mean it would be here, in between "huge" and "hungry".

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down and violently," I love that adverb, "grabbed one of the green chameleons in its talons." Okay, on that last line, I have a problem.

I have a word, a noun, "talons", no adjectives before it.

No descriptive words describing what those talons are like.

So let me put a little arrow here.

Let's add them in.

Let's go for "vicious", because they are quite vicious, how dangerous they are.

"Vicious, sharp talons." Lovely.

Good.

And of course, because they are two adjectives, they need a comma in between, and now I've made an expanded noun phrase.

Lovely.

Good.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down and violently grabbed one of the green chameleons in its vicious, sharp talons." Lovely.

And you can see how many times I am, every time I stop, really, I'm going back to the beginning.

I'm reading my sentence to catch up my momentum, to get my flow.

Okay, great.

Let's keep going.

So I wanna say now that the eagle left, so let's go for a fronted adverbial of time.

It's very fast, so let's say, "In a flash," with a comma afterwards.

"In a flash," comma, let me just make sure my comma looks clear.

"In a flash," comma, "the.

." Okay, I know I need to describe the eagle again, but I've already said huge, hungry eagle, so I can't say this again.

Let's go for this time, "The monstrous," the monstrous.

Can't say eagle.

I don't wanna repeat myself.

So let's say, "The monstrous bird." Lemme just make sure my B looks clear there.

"In a flash," comma, "the monstrous bird disappeared." It just flew away, didn't it? "Disappeared into the distance." I like that.

"Disappeared into the distance." And it was gone.

Full stop.

Very nice.

Okay.

So, now I'm thinking, "In a flash, the monstrous bird disappeared into the distance." Right, and now I wanna describe what the chameleons were doing.

So they were looking at Anders, and they were gritting their teeth 'cause they were so angry, weren't they? Okay, so how were they looking at Anders? Okay, let's get an adverb in there.

Fronted adverbial of manner.

"Angrily." Capital letter, 'cause it's starting my sentence.

"Angrily," comma.

I'm getting better at remembering my commas.

"Angrily," comma, "the other," oh, remembered how to spell chameleons.

Cha-me-le-ons.

Lovely.

"Angrily, the other chameleons looked at Anders." There's got to be a better word than "looked".

Looked is far too neutral.

They were angry with him.

They would glare, wouldn't they? Glared.

"Angrily, the other chameleons glared at," let's not just call him Anders.

Just let's call him, the red lizard? The crimson lizard, is another word for red.

"The crimson lizard." So, "Angrily, the other chameleons glared at the crimson lizard." Full stop? No, no! Let's make sure I can tick this off.

This compound sentence.

And, what did they do? They gritted.

There's those two T's.

Gritted their.

They gritted their, they gritted their teeth.

Their teeth, their, let's go for, "their sharp," comma, "white teeth." And that was in my plan.

Full stop.

Okay, good.

Let's just check my success criteria.

I've included ambitious vocabulary from my plan.

Yes, lots and lots of ambitious vocabulary from my plan.

I can definitely tick that off.

Even the last few words, "sharp, white teeth" was from my plan.

Fronted adverbials of manner.

I've got "suddenly" in there.

I've got "angrily: in there.

Yep, definitely.

And I've got a fronted adverbial of time, with "in a flash".

I have included a compound sentence.

Yep, I have.

I've got two of those in there.

And constantly reading my writing back, so I feel like I can definitely tick that off.

Looking good so far.

And I've only written three sentences.

So you can pick up and write your climax now, and I hope you've been inspired by watching me write mine.

Welcome back everyone.

It is now your turn.

Your turn to write the climax for "Otherwise".

I'd like you to use your success criteria and plan to help you.

Take your time.

You can use any of the ideas that you saw me include in my writing, or your own fabulous ideas as well.

You have your own plan, hopefully.

If not, you can use mine, that we've used earlier in this lesson.

I think you've got everything.

You are ready.

Write an exciting climax.

Good luck.

Pause the video, and have a go at this task now.

Welcome back, everyone.

Okay, let's have a look, shall we? But just before we do look at an example, take a moment to read your writing back, to check it makes sense, and to edit any errors.

Such an important part of the writing process.

And I'd like you to tick each box when you've completed it in your success criteria if you haven't done so already.

So pause the video and just take a moment to reflect and check your work, complete your success criteria, then we'll come back together again.

Pause the video now.

And welcome back.

I hope you have checked very carefully.

Let's have a look at my example.

So I have included ambitious vocabulary from my plan.

Absolutely.

You can see I've got "huge, hungry eagle," "violently grabbed", "vicious, sharp talons," "rocky, jagged mountain." These are all expanded noun phrases that I had in my plan.

So that's a big tick for me.

I have included fronted adverbials of manner.

Can you see any there? Yeah, of course.

There's suddenly, angrily.

They are there.

Good.

That can be ticked.

Compound sentence using the joining word "and".

Let me see.

Ah, there it is.

The very first one.

"Suddenly, a huge, hungry eagle swooped down and violently grabbed one of the green chameleons in its vicious, sharp talons." Perfect.

And then the last one, I have read my writing back to check for any mistakes.

Well, you watched in the video how I was constantly reading my writing back, checking for mistakes and editing if I needed to.

So that's a big tick for me too.

Let's summarise the learning that we've done today.

The purpose of the climax is to describe the significant challenge and create the highest point of tension.

We can use our plan to help form full sentences for writing.

Fronted adverbials of manner tell the reader how something was done, or how a character felt.

Two simple sentences joined together with a joining word is called a compound sentence.

Well done today.

You have written an exciting climax and I'm very proud of you.

I will see you again very soon.