Hi, everybody, my name is Mrs. Mystery, and I am so pleased to be with you today.

We are gonna get the opportunity to practise more of our cursive handwriting.

We are gonna be looking at some high frequency words and how we write them in cursive with no lead-in.

This comes from my unit "Review: no lead-ins." I am really looking forward to the lesson.

I think we're gonna have lots of fun.

I think we're gonna learn lots.

Shall we get started? The outcome of today's lesson is I can write high frequency words using cursive handwriting.

In today's lesson, there's gonna be some keywords that I would like you to listen out for.

Let's do my turn, your turn.

High frequency word, lead out, join, starting point, letter string.

Excellent.

Well done.

I hope you can look out for these in this lesson, and I hope you can listen out for these words in the lesson.

In today's lesson, there will be three parts.

We're gonna be focusing on high frequency words in each section of the lesson.

In the first part of the lesson, we'll be looking at the words in and it, the second part of the lesson, we'll be looking at on and is, and the final part of the lesson, we'll be looking at at and and.

Let's get started with the high frequency words in and it.

Before we start to write, it's important to warm up our hands and our wrist muscles.

That's because our hands and our wrists get stronger when you exercise them.

Just like any other muscle in your body.

Warming up your hands before writing will help to improve your handwriting.

Okay, so for today's warmups, we're gonna warm up our hands and our wrists by doing the hand squeeze and the wrist circles.

So let's start with the hand squeeze.

It'll be my turn, then your turn.

So for the hand squeeze, we get our hands close together like a fist and then we open it up wide like we're growing our hand out from a small fist to a big hand.

Oh, feel those fingers stretching.

That's how it should feel.

And I'll do my other hand.

Doesn't matter which hand you start with.

That feels good.

Okay, are you gonna try with me? So hands together and open.

Together and open.

We'll do one at a time to begin with, okay, so get your hand ready.

Up you go.

You should feel your hand really stretching out.

Feeling like every finger is stretching.

And then do your other hand.

There we go.

Can really feel my finger stretching.

Can you feel yours? It's like they're growing, getting taller.

Very good.

Okay, so that should have warmed up our fingers and our hands.

What about our wrists? So my turn.

I'm gonna do the wrist circle.

So you can see that I am circling my wrist.

It's like I am stirring porridge, or soup, or something like that.

You can also do it upwards.

And then the other hand, and then upwards.

Fabulous.

Okay, it's your turn now.

Do you want to try and get your wrist ready as if you're holding a big spoon and you are stirring? Today, maybe you're making cookies, maybe you're making a cake, maybe you're having some porridge.

I'm not sure.

You choose.

Okay, and then your other hand.

Very good.

Maybe you wanna do both hands together? Takes some coordination.

Maybe you can put them upwards? I can really feel my wrist starting to warm up.

Great.

Hopefully now your fingers and your wrists feel warmed up ready for handwriting.

Let's have a look at what a high frequency word is.

High frequency words are words that appear most frequently in written texts.

That means they appear a lot in written texts.

It is good to practise these words in cursive handwriting as they will appear a lot in your writing.

Learning and practising the letter joins in these words will improve your cursive handwriting skills, allowing for a smooth flow of handwriting.

Oh, we definitely want that, don't we? Let's do a check for understanding.

Which of these do you think are high frequency words? a, crocodile, b, the, c, river, d, but.

Pause the video now.

Well done, everybody.

Let's have a look at which of these words are high frequency words.

Did you select b, the word the? That is a high frequency word.

And did you select d, the word but? The and but are high frequency words as they appear a lot within written texts.

The word crocodile and the word river will appear in written texts, but they don't appear frequently and therefore are not high frequency words.

Now we're gonna focus in on the four joins that we use in cursive handwriting.

Can you remember them? Here they are.

The first join goes from the baseline to the x-height line.

Can you see with the example the letter N joining to the letter A? The second join is from the baseline up towards the ascender line.

The example here, the letter C joining to the letter K.

The third join goes from the x-height line to the x-height line.

Our example here, the letter O joining to the letter M.

And the fourth join goes from the x-height line up towards the ascender line.

Our example, the letter R joining to the letter L.

In today's lesson, you will be using a range of these joins to form our words.

Let's look closely at our first set of high frequency words in cursive.

We have the word in and we have the word it.

What I would like you to do is speak to the people around you.

Look at these words.

What do you see and what can you notice? Pause the video now.

Welcome back.

Did you notice that both of these words have two letters? Did you notice that both of these words, the last letter, the N and the T, have a lead out? Did you also notice that they both start with the letter I, which has a dot at the top? Let's look a little bit closer at the word in.

The word in is a high frequency word.

It will appear a lot in written text.

The letter I has a starting point at the x-height line.

The letter N, the last letter, has a lead out.

The letter I connects to the N using the first join.

So it goes from the baseline to the x-height line.

And the dot for the letter I is only added once the letter string is complete.

So you'd finish the letter N, take your pencil off, and then add the dot for the I.

Let's look at the word it.

The word it is a high frequency word too.

The letter I has a starting point on the x-height line.

The letter T has a lead out.

The last letter.

And the letter I connects to the letter T using the second join, so from the baseline up towards the ascender line.

The dot for the letter I, same with the word in, and the cross for the letter T are added once the letter string is complete.

So when finishing the T, for the lead out for the T, you'll take your pencil off, add the dot for the I, and add the cross for the T only once the letter string is complete.

Now is our opportunity to practise writing these words in the air with our finger.

We'll do my turn, your turn.

I'm gonna start with the word in.

Now, I remember that the starting point is on the x-height line, and that I need to finish the letter string before adding the dot for the I.

So my turn first.

I'm gonna take my pencil, my finger up.

Gonna start on the x-height line.

Gonna go down for the I, back up with the first join to the N.

Down, back up, and over.

Adding the lead out, finger off, and a dot for the I.

Could you help me this time? Let's get your fingers ready.

We start at the? That's right, the x-height line.

We go down to the baseline.

Up to the x-height line.

Down, up, and back over for the N.

Lead out, finger off.

And we need to remember the dot for the I.

Well done.

Okay, my turn again.

I'm looking at the word it this time.

Now I remember that there are two things we need to remember once we finish the letter string for this word.

Going back to add that dot for the I and the cross for the T.

Okay, the starting point again is on the x-height line.

I'm gonna go down, all the way up to between the x-height line and the ascender line for the T.

Down, remembering the lead out.

Pencil off.

Dot for the I.

Cross for the T.

Two things to remember there.

Okay, do you want to have a turn now? Let's get your fingers ready on the x-height line.

We go down for the I, up for the T.

Back down, and the lead out.

Finger off.

Well done.

A dot for the I and a cross for the T.

Well done.

That was really fantastic.

Here's a reminder for us to remember that the dot for the letter I and the cross for the letter T only get added at the end of a letter string.

Well, we remembered that, didn't we? But it's always good to have a reminder.

Well done.

Now we're gonna practise writing the high frequency words in and it.

So we're gonna start with in.

So the starting point is on the x-height line, and we go down, all the way down to the baseline, back up to the x-height line, down, and back over remembering the lead out.

Pen off to add the dot for the I.

And let's try that again.

Starting at the x-height line down to the baseline, back up, down, back over for the end, the lead out.

Finger off, and a dot for the top.

Now moving on to our next word, which is the high frequency word it.

So again, the starting point is on the x-height line.

So we go down, join the I, back up.

This time we go between the x-height line and the ascender line for the letter T.

Down, lead out, and go back to add the cross for the T and the dot for the I.

Let's do that again.

So down from the x-height line, back up, down, lead out.

Pen off.

Cross for the T, dot for the I.

Let's do a check for understanding.

Please select the correct join sequence for the word in.

Pause the video now.

The correct answer is b.

This is the correct formation and join sequence for the word in.

The letters are the correct size and they're spaced equally apart.

Well done.

Let's another check for understanding.

This time, for the word it.

Please select the correct join sequence.

Pause the video now.

The correct answer this time is a.

This is the correct formation and join sequence for the word it.

The letters are the correct size and joined correctly.

Well done.

We're now moving on to our first task for this lesson where I would like you to practise forming the high frequency words in and it.

We are gonna focus on the word in first going over the grey examples, then moving on to using the starting dot, and then finally completing two lines independently on your tram lines.

Once you've completed that, I would like you to do the same for the word it going over the grey examples, using the starting dot, and finally completing two lines on your tram lines independently.

Have fun, good luck, and I'll see you soon.

Pause the video now.

Welcome back.

Well done.

I hope you had fun.

Let's have a look at your words.

I wonder, did you use the correct starting point for the first letter? For both of these words it was the letter I, so the starting point was on the x-height line.

Did you use the correct joins? Did you go from the baseline up to the x-height line for the word in and from the baseline up towards between the x-height line and the ascender line for the letter T? Did you remember to add the dot for the I and the cross for the T only once the letter string was complete? That's really important.

What I'd like you to do now is look at your words, circle your best, and celebrate.

Excellent work.

We're now moving on to the second part of our lesson where we're gonna be looking at the high frequency words on and is.

Here's our next set of high frequency words on and is in cursive.

I would like you to speak to the people around you.

What do you notice? What can you see? Pause the video now.

Good discussions.

Did you notice that both of the last letters, the N for the on and the S for is, have a lead out? Did you also notice that all of these letters are x-height letters? Let us look a little bit closer at the word on.

The word on is a high frequency word.

It will appear many times in written texts.

The letter O, the first letter, has a starting point at the x-height line.

The letter N, the last letter, has a lead out.

The letter O connects to the N using the third join.

That means it goes from the x-height line to the x-height line.

And both letters are x-height letters.

Let's look at the word is.

The word is is also a frequency word.

The letter I, the first letter, has a starting point at the x-height line.

The letter S, the last letter, has a lead out.

The letter I connects to the S using the first join, so from the baseline to the x-height line.

And both letters are x-height letters.

The dot for the I is only added once the letter string is complete.

So you finish the S, and then you take your pencil off before doing the dot for the I.

Now is our opportunity to try and write these words in the air with our finger.

We'll do my turn, your turn.

I'm gonna start with the word on.

The two letters are x-height letters, and the starting point is on the x-height line.

I'm gonna get my finger ready.

Gonna start on the x-height line.

Gonna go round in an anticlockwise direction, back up.

Third join across to the top of the N.

Go down, up and over and down, and the lead out.

Excellent.

Can you help me this time? So get your finger on the x-height line.

Go round in an anti-clockwise direction.

Third join across.

Down, up and over for the N, and the lead out.

Finger off.

Well done.

My turn again.

Let's look at the word is.

Again, it's got two x-height letters.

It has a letter I, so I know I have to finish the letter string before taking my pencil off to add the dot for the I.

Okay, starting point is on the x-height line.

I'm gonna go down for the letter I.

Back up for the letter S.

Round, remembering that lead out.

Now it's pencil off, and I need to remember the dot for the I.

Well remembered.

Okay, help me this time.

Get your fingers ready on the x-height line.

Down, back up for the S, curling round to form the S.

Lead out, finger off, and dot for the I.

Excellent work, everybody.

I'm now gonna practise the high frequency words on and is.

So starting with on, we know that the starting point is on the x-height line for the O.

So we go round in an anti-clockwise direction.

Back up the third join across.

Down and up, and the lead out.

Okay, let's do that again.

Starting on the x-height line.

Round in an anti-clockwise direction.

Across for the N using the third join, and the lead out.

Great.

So that's the high frequency word on.

Now we're gonna do the high frequency word is.

So starting with the letter I, so it starts at the x-height line.

The starting point is at the x-height line.

So we go down, back up for the S, and then remember the lead out.

Pen off.

Dot for the I.

Let's do that again.

So starting at the x-height line.

Down, back up for the S, and the lead out.

Pen off, and a dot for the I.

Let's do a check for understanding.

Please select the correct join sequence for the word on.

Pause the video now.

The correct answer is a.

This is the correct formation and join sequence for the word on.

Can you see that the third join is used? So going from the x-height line to the x-height line.

Well done.

Let's do another check for understanding for the word is.

Select the correct join sequence.

Pause the video now.

Correct answer this time is c.

Can you see that the letters are formed correctly, the correct join is used, and there is a lead out for the letter S? Well done.

We're now moving on to our second task of the lesson.

I would like you to practise forming the high frequency words on and is.

Let's focus on the word on first going over the grey example shown here, and then using the starting dot to write the word on, and finally completing two lines independently on your tram lines.

Once you've completed that, I would like you to do the same for the word is going over the grey examples, then using the starting dot, and then completing two lines independently on your tram lines.

Have fun, enjoy, and I'll see you soon.

Pause the video now.

Welcome back.

Hope you had fun.

Hope you enjoyed writing the word on and writing the word is.

Did you use the correct starting point for the first letter? That's always so important.

So for both words, it was the x-height line.

Different letters, but the starting point was still the same.

Did you keep your pencil on the page to join the letters? That's so important.

It'll help you get that smooth flow when you're doing your handwriting.

And did you remember the lead out for the last letter? I'd like you to look at your words, circle your best, and celebrate.

Well done.

We're now moving on to the last part of our lesson, and today we're gonna be focusing the last part of our lesson on the high frequency words at and and.

Here are our next set of high frequency words at and and.

I would like you to speak with the people around you.

Look at these words.

What can you see and what do you notice? Pause the video now.

Great discussions, everybody.

I wonder what you noticed.

Did you notice that both of these words have a letter that has an ascender? So the T for the word at and the D for the word and both have ascenders as part of their letters go above the x-height line.

Did you also notice that both of the last letters, the T and the D, have a lead out? Did you also notice that the letters are nicely spaced apart? They're not on top of each other and they're not far apart.

They're perfect.

Let's look at the word at.

The word at is a high frequency word.

That means that it appears many times in written text.

The letter A has a starting point at the x-height line.

The letter T has a lead out.

The letter A connects to the letter T using the second join, so from the baseline up towards the ascender line.

For the T, it stops just be between the x-height line and the ascender line.

And because there's a letter T, the cross for the letter T is only added once the letter string is complete.

Let's look at the word and.

The word and is also a high frequency word.

The first letter, the letter A, has a starting point on the x-height line.

The letter D, the last letter, has a lead out.

The letter A connects to the N using the first join, and also the letter N connects to the letter D using the first join.

Now's our opportunity to practise writing the words and and at in the air with our finger.

We'll do my turn, your turn.

I'm gonna start looking at the word at.

It has two letters.

One of the letters, the letter T, has an ascender, and I also know I need to finish the letter before I add the cross for the T.

So I'm gonna start first.

I'm gonna get my pencil ready at the x-height line.

Gonna go round in an anti-clockwise direction.

Back up, and then I'm going to go down, back up towards the ascender line, but not quite as far as that.

Down for the lead out for the T, and then finger off and add the cross.

Excellent.

Can you help me this time? Let's get your fingers ready at the x-height line.

We go round and down anti-clockwise direction for the A.

Up between the x-height line and the ascender line for the T.

Down and the lead out.

Finger off, and a cross for the T.

Well done.

Now let's look at the word and.

This word has three letters.

The starting point for the A is on the x-height line, and it has the letter D, which is a tall letter.

It has an ascender going up to the ascender line.

I'm gonna start first.

My fingers on the x-height line going round in an anti-clockwise direction.

Down, up for the letter N.

Round and down, up for the letter D.

Round in an anti-clockwise direction all the way up to the ascender line, and down for the lead out.

It's quite fun going up for that ascender.

Right, let's get your fingers ready.

Starting on the x-height line.

Round in an anti-clockwise direction for the A.

Up for the N.

Up for the D.

And then all the way up to the ascender line, and down, remembering that lead out.

Finger off.

Well done, everybody.

I'm now going to practise the high frequency words at and and, starting with the high frequency word at.

So the two letters, the first letter is an A, so we start at the x-height line and we go round in an anti-clockwise direction.

Back down, and then up to between the x-height line and the ascender line for the T.

Lead out, pen off.

Cross for the T, at.

Let's try that again.

So round in an anti-clockwise direction, back up, and a cross for the T.

Now thinking about the high frequency word and.

So three letters this time beginning with an A again, and then we've got the D, which has an ascender.

So starting at the x-height line, go round in an anti-clockwise direction.

Back up to do the N.

Back up to do the D.

All the way up to the ascender line, and remembering the lead out.

Let's try that again.

Starting on the x-height line, anti-clockwise direction.

The first join is used for both of these joins going from the baseline to the x-height line, and lead out.

Let's do a check for understanding.

Please select the correct join sequence for the word at.

Pause the video now.

Well done.

The correct answer is b.

This is the correct formation and use of the join sequence for the word at.

The letters are joined correctly, and the letters are formed correctly.

Well done.

Let's do another check for understanding for the word and.

Please select the correct join sequence.

Pause the video now.

The correct answer is c.

With this formation, you can see the letters are the correct size, they're spaced adequately apart, and the correct join sequences are used.

Well done.

We're now moving on to the last task of our lesson.

You've done so well.

In this task, I would like you to practise forming the high frequency words at and and.

First of all, gonna focus on the word at going over the grey examples you can see here.

Then using the starting dot, and then completing two lines independently on your tram lines.

After you've done this, I would like you to do the same for the word and going over the grey examples, using the starting dot, and then completing two lines independently on your own.

Enjoy.

Have fun.

I'll see you soon.

Pause the video now.

Welcome back.

Let's have a look at your words.

Did you enjoy writing those words? Did you get your pencil flowing? I hope so.

I wonder if you used the correct starting point for the first letter.

The first letter for both of these words was A, so the starting point was on the x-height line.

Did you join the letter string using the correct joins? Have a look at these examples.

Have a look at yours.

And did you keep your pencil on the page when joining the letters? Remember, I told you that will help you to keep the flow of your handwriting smooth.

I would like you to have a look at your words, circle your best, and celebrate.

Well done.

In today's lesson, we have been reviewing high frequency words in cursive with no lead-ins.

These are some of the words that we have looked at.

In, on, and and.

We've also learned that high frequency words are words that appear most frequently in written texts.

Letters in the high frequency words will be joined using a range of joins depending on the letters in the word.

You start at the correct starting position for the first letter.

The last letter always has a lead out.

There is an appropriate space between the letters joined in cursive, and you don't lift your pencil until the letter string is complete.

You have all done so well today.

I have learned so much.

I hope you have too.

It's been such a lot of fun, and I look forward to seeing you again soon.

Bye.