Lesson video

Hi, there and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, I love spelling and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

What you need today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write with and write on and someone or something to talk to would be great as well.

Let's get right into today's spelling lesson then.

In today's lesson, we're going to be spelling words using the apostrophe for both possession and contraction.

The outcome will be, I can spell words using the apostrophe for singular possession or contraction.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Make sure I can hear you saying these.

Apostrophe, possession, contraction, plural.

An apostrophe is a punctuation mark that can be used to both signify possession and contraction.

To signify possession, it goes before an s and shows that singular possession.

And to signify contraction, it replaces the omitted letters where two words have been squeezed together.

Possession is the ownership, or possession, or belonging of another item or object.

A contraction is a shorter way of writing two words where an apostrophe is used to replace the letters that have been omitted or left out.

And finally, plural shows more than one of something.

Please give an eye and ear up for these in our learning today as they're going to be very important.

Here then is our lesson outline.

We're spelling words with apostrophes for both possession and contraction.

We are going to look at the purpose of an apostrophe and then we're going to have a go at spelling some words using apostrophes.

Let's get on with looking at the purpose of an apostrophe then.

Apostrophes have two different purposes.

The first, is an apostrophe for contraction.

I quite like to clap to contract, 'cause it shows those two words that have been put together.

Some letters emitted and that apostrophe replaced coming together.

Do that for me now.

Contraction.

We can also use apostrophes for possession.

I quite like to pull that towards me, 'cause remember, possession is that idea of ownership or something belonging to a person or thing.

So, possession.

Apostrophes for contraction are used in informal writing.

When two words are pushed together, letters are removed or omitted and they are replaced by that apostrophe.

So, we clap to contract.

Let's have a look at this in action then.

Here we have they're over there, and that's that they are put together.

We've omitted our a from are and replaced that with our apostrophe.

They are there.

I won't like it.

Won't is will and not.

I will not like it.

Will not won't.

So, we have apostrophes for contraction.

Apostrophes for possession then is used to show belonging.

They are Jacob's shoes.

So, we have our noun phrase here.

Jacob is the owner of those shoes.

Our apostrophe s shows that those shoes belong to Jacob.

So, we have apostrophes for contraction and apostrophes for possession.

These words are all contractions.

I'm, can't, wasn't.

I am, I'm.

Can not, can't.

Was not, wasn't.

Clap to contract.

These words have an expanded form and I've just said those expanded forms. The expanded form is the two words that have been squeezed together.

Had a letter or letters taken out and replaced with an apostrophe.

The expanded form of I'm is I am.

I am very happy.

I can omit my a, and then replace that a with an apostrophe and squeeze the words together to say I'm very happy.

We can sometimes use the expanded form to check and help us with our spellings.

This sentence would still make sense with that expanded form, wouldn't it? I am very happy.

Can also be, I'm happy.

It's just a less formal way of saying I am.

The apostrophe for contraction shows us that a word is in a contracted form and the letters have been, might turn your turn omitted.

Omitted means taken out or left out.

Have a look here.

I'd like you to match the expanded form to the contraction in purple.

On the right-hand side here, we have our expanded forms and on the left hand side, we have some sentences that have some contractions in.

I'm happy it is Friday.

I don't like olives.

He's going home soon.

And we have our expanded forms. He is, I am, do not.

I'd like you to match 'em now these expanded forms to the contraction in purple.

Pause the video, off you go.

Good job, team.

Let's see how you did then.

I'm happy it is Friday.

Hmm, I've got he is, I am, do not.

I'm, I am, I'm.

Yeah, absolutely, I could put that.

I could say I'm happy it is Friday, or I could say I am happy it is Friday.

I don't like olives.

I do not like olives would also make sense there.

That's our expanded form.

And he's going home soon.

He is going home soon.

There you go.

He is, is the expanded form of the contraction he's.

You can see here the letters that have been omitted, the words that have been squeezed together, and where the apostrophe has then been placed to show those omitted letters.

Pause the video and see how you did now.

So, we've looked at apostrophes for contraction.

Now, we're going to look at apostrophes for possession.

Notice my action here, possession.

I'm doing that, because it means to own something that, that thing belongs to something.

So, that sense of belonging.

A singular noun can possess another noun or nouns.

Nouns, they're being plural.

It can possess more than one thing.

An apostrophe s is added to the first noun to show that, that other noun belongs to it.

A stick belonging to the dog.

Stick there, dog.

Dog here is our owner.

The stick is the noun that it owns.

The dog's stick.

Notice how we put our apostrophe s after our dog to show that, that stick belongs to the dog.

A crayon belonging to the boy.

Here we have crayon as the item that's being owned and the boy as the owner, the possessor.

The boy's crayon.

Notice again, after boy, we put that suffix apostrophe s and then our noun that is owned to show that it is possessed, the boy's crayon.

The stickers belonging to Jun.

Think about this.

Who is the owner here? What is the noun that is owned? Could you have a go at saying the noun phrase like you think I'm going to put up next that uses an apostrophe s to show possession.

Pause the video and say it now.

Fantastic, I could definitely hear you saying the correct thing there.

We have stickers here, and Jun, Jun is our owner.

The stickers are what he owns.

So, it's Jun's stickers, apostrophe s after Jun to show that those stickers belong to him.

This is the apostrophe for possession and it shows my turn your turn belonging.

Have a look here.

Tick the example that shows the apostrophe for possession in the correct place.

The bag belongs to Jacob.

Which noun phrase here is correct? Jacob's bag.

Select the one that uses the apostrophe for possession correctly.

Pause the video and select it now.

Good job, team.

Let's have a look then.

A, hmm? Remember, it's apostrophe s, not s apostrophe.

So, that can't be right.

B looks right to me, Jacob's bag.

Yeah, apostrophe s and then our own noun.

Again, I don't think that the third one can be right.

it's the same as the first one, And D we're not gonna put the apostrophe, but just before the thing that's owned now be that bag.

So, our correct answer is B, Jacob's bag.

Jacob apostrophe s bag to show that that bag belongs to Jacob.

Its and it's are homophones.

Homophones are words that sound the same, but are spelled differently and have different meanings.

We have to keep an eye for 'em, 'cause they can sometimes trick or trip us up in our spelling.

So, you can see here one of these it's has an apostrophe.

I wonder which type of apostrophe it is.

Apostrophe for possession or apostrophe for contraction.

Let's think about this.

It's with an apostrophe.

Is the contracted form of it is, it is it's.

So, the expanded form is it is.

It is my birthday could become, it's my birthday.

Has to have an apostrophe in it though, 'cause it's that could contracted form of it is.

When it's is in a sentence shown possession, so without an apostrophe, there is no apostrophe.

Like with the words his or her.

Jacob is my friend.

He gave his book to me.

This is my dog.

It loves its bone.

Notice the lack of apostrophe here in its.

Interestingly, we would not to show possession here, put an apostrophe before the s, because otherwise it will become the contracted form and it wouldn't then make sense.

I wouldn't say this is my dog, it loves it is bone.

Its without an apostrophe is the possessive form ITS.

It's with an apostrophe is the contracted form of it is.

Which spelling of it's is the correct in each sentence.

Think about saying the expanded form to check to see, if its our it's with an apostrophe.

If it doesn't make sense, then it's probably our possessive form without an apostrophe.

I'll read the sentences to you now.

It's very cold today.

My pet hamster loves playing in it's wheel.

Sometimes I forget when it's the weekend.

Pause the video and select the correct spelling of it's now.

Well done, team.

Let's go through these then.

It's very cold today.

Let's try saying the expanded form.

It is very cold today.

That will make sense, which means it's my contracted form.

So, I'm looking for, oh, and there we go.

There was a little hint.

Say the sentence with the expanded form to check.

Here we go.

Its/It's, it is very cold today.

It's is my contracted form.

Clap to contract.

My pet hamster loves playing in it's wheel.

That sounds like that wheel belongs to that hamster.

Remember, our possessive form of its here does not have an apostrophe.

I wouldn't say my hamster loves playing an it is wheel.

So, it's this one here, the possessive form of its no apostrophe and sometimes I forget when it is the weekend.

Oh, that makes sense, doesn't it? I said the expanded form.

So, it's gonna be my contracted form, it is.

It's clap to contract.

Pause the video, see how you did.

So we know that apostrophes can have two purposes.

Apostrophes for contraction.

Clap to contract.

Apostrophes for possession.

Pull it towards yourself to show that it's that belonging.

They are Izzy's comics.

She's going to share her snack.

Which one here shows contraction? Which one here shows possession? Have a think for a moment.

Great, absolutely they are Izzy's comics is our possessive.

So, I put a p there, and she is, she's going to share her snack.

That's going to be our contraction there.

Our expanded form is she is, our contracted form is she's.

Identify whether the apostrophes in the following sentences are apostrophes for contraction or possession.

I can't find my shoes.

My friend's flat is next door.

It's cold today.

The doctor's room is down the hallway.

So, I'd like you to find the words that have the apostrophe in and decide whether they are clap to contract or apostrophe for possession.

Pause the video and do this now.

Well done.

Let's have a look at a then.

I can't find my shoes.

So, my apostrophe in the word can't.

I can not find my shoes would be the expanded form.

This is a contraction.

My friend's flat is next door.

Here the word friend's has that apostrophe.

It's apostrophe s, and it sounds like that it sounds possessive to me.

It's that flat that belongs to the friend.

So, it's a apostrophe for possession.

It's cold today.

Now remember, our possessive its doesn't have an apostrophe.

And let's say if our expanded form of it's here, it is, will work.

It is cold today.

Absolutely, so it's here is going to be a contraction.

And finally, the doctor's room is down the hallway.

Here we have our apostrophe in the word doctor's is paired with that noun.

There's a noun phrase.

That room belongs to the doctor apostrophe s, it shows possession.

Pause the video and see how you did.

So, I'd like you to read the following sentences and identify the apostrophes in these sentences.

Decide whether it is an apostrophe for contraction, clap to contract, a C, or an apostrophe for possession P.

You could write C or P next to them.

So, I'm gonna show you some sentences now.

The story about dragons is Andeep's favourites.

I think it's fun to dance in the rain! Aisha's garden is full of flowers.

I don't know if I can come to your house.

The teacher's bag was by the door.

Pause the video.

Find the words that contain apostrophes.

Look at the context of the sentence.

Consider using the expanded form, if you think it might have one.

And decide whether the apostrophes used are apostrophes for contraction or apostrophes for possession.

Pause the video and do this now.

Great job, everyone.

I could see people really carefully looking at the words of apostrophes in and then looking around them in the sentence.

Some people I could see were saying the expanded form.

Some people were also looking to see, if there was anything that was belonging to that noun.

Really great job.

Let's go through and see how you did then.

So, Andeep's, the story about dragon is Andeep's favourite.

Sounds like that's possessive isn't it? It's his favourite.

So, that is for possession.

Apostrophe s for possession.

I think it's fun to dance in the rain.

I think it, it is fun.

Say the expanded form that makes sense, doesn't it? So that's for contraction.

Aisha's garden is full of flowers.

It sounds like that garden belongs to Aisha.

So, that's possessive apostrophe s.

I don't know if I can come to your house.

I do not know.

Say the expanded form.

Oh, that makes sense.

So, don't is our contracted form of do not.

So, that is there contraction.

And the teacher's bag.

Sounds like that bag belongs to the teacher.

Apostrophe s there for possession.

So, it's a possessive apostrophe.

Pause the video and see how you did.

Onto our next learning cycle then, which is spelling words using the apostrophe.

When spelling words with an apostrophe for possession or contraction.

It can be easy to get mixed up.

Sometimes we can accidentally put an apostrophe in when we don't need one.

The child's coat.

Apostrophe for possession.

I wasn't there.

That was not as our expanded form.

This is an apostrophe for contraction.

Cats and dogs.

Do you think this needs an apostrophe at all? No apostrophe is needed here.

These are just plural nouns.

Remember, plural is showing more than one.

So, cats and dogs, more than one.

More than one set of cats and dogs.

No need for an apostrophe here.

There's no possession and there is no contraction.

We will play a game.

Clap when you hear a phrase with an apostrophe for contraction.

Clap to contract.

Pull your hand to your chest when you hear a phrase using an apostrophe for possession.

This is grabbing your belongings.

So, clap to contract, grab your belongings.

Put your hands on your head, if it is neither and doesn't need an apostrophe.

So, clap contract.

Pull to your chest for possession.

Hands on head, if it doesn't need an apostrophe at all.

He didn't go.

Well done.

Absolutely, clap to contract.

Ready for the next one? The wheels on the bus.

Hands on head.

Well done, doesn't need one.

Okay, it's just plural.

More than one wheel.

My brother's bedroom.

Brilliant, absolutely, you're gonna grab your belongings.

That's a possessive apostrophe.

Well done.

Let's try some more.

Watch out for it's and its.

Remember, it's with an apostrophe is our contracted form.

It is, it's and its without an apostrophe before the s is our possessive form.

So remember, clap to contract, hand to chest for belonging, possessive, and hands on head, if you don't think there needs to be an apostrophe at all.

Try to just listen to the phrases or the sentences rather than reading the words on the screen.

Might listening out might help you.

It's mine.

Brilliant, as a clap to contract.

It is mine, it's mine.

The school's canteen.

Canteen is a place where you would eat your lunch.

The school's canteen.

Absolutely, I hope you grabbed it to your chest there.

That's possessive, that canteen belongs to the school.

The toys in my room.

Brilliant, hands on head.

It's just the plural of toy there.

Toys, more than one toy in your room.

No need for an apostrophe.

It wasn't fair.

Great job, clap to contract, was not, wasn't.

The pots and pencils.

Brilliant, I'm hoping you put your hands on your head there.

That's just plural isn't it? Of pot and pencil, pots and pencils.

Next, we need to check to spot when the apostrophe is used correctly in writing.

It is important to check over our spelling to see if it is correct.

You can use different strategies to help with this.

Try saying the expanded form to check if it's a contraction.

Think, is it clap to contract? Is it grab her belongings, or is it neither? So, hands on head.

Check.

She put the pens into the pot.

Hmm? She put the pens into the pot.

This doesn't need an apostrophe at all.

This would be hands on head, because those pens aren't belonging to anyone.

We're just talking about the plural of pen here.

More than one.

So, no need for an apostrophe.

Which sentences are written correctly? I'm gonna read these sentences to you now and you need to decide which ones are written correctly or incorrectly.

I think its going to rain later.

Hmm.

The dog's really wanted to eat their bones.

He can't reach the top shelf.

Pause the video.

Which sentences are written correctly.

Could you make any corrections to them if they're wrong.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, let's have a look then.

I think its going to rain later.

I think I'm missing an apostrophe there.

I think it is going to rain later.

So, that's might should be my contracted.

So, that one definitely isn't correct.

The dogs really wanted to eat their bones.

Hmm? Now, listen to this one.

The dogs, that sounds plural to me.

We don't need an there for our plural, do we? So, that one isn't correct.

He can't reach the top shelf.

Let's say our expanded form.

He can not reach the top shelf.

Yep, that's the correct sentence then, isn't it? The other two were incorrect.

This is our correct use of an apostrophe.

Well done.

It should be, I think it's going to rain later, it is.

The dogs really wanted to eat their bones.

If I was to correct that, I would take away my apostrophe there.

There's no possession there.

We are going to write a sentence, which may contain some apostrophes.

When we write the sentence, we need to do several things at once.

So, let's really take our time.

Remember the whole sentence? Look out for some common exception words.

Those words that don't follow our phonics.

Patterns or rules.

Remember sentence, punctuation, catalyst and full stops.

And think carefully about whether an apostrophe is needed and think about what type of apostrophe it is.

Is it clap to contract? Is it apostrophe for possession? So, just listen to me say the sentence first of all.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

It's Jun spelled with a J.

I'm gonna use some strategies here to help us remember the sentence.

First one is tapping out using your head, your shoulders.

Okay, your desk, your table, the floor.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

Pause the video and tap that sentence out now.

Brilliant, whispering it.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

Pause the video and whisper that sentence to yourself or to someone now.

Whisper it.

Brilliant, I could barely hear you there.

And finally, counting the words.

So, make sure you didn't miss any out.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

Pause the video and count that sentence out now on your fingers.

Brilliant.

So, I'm gonna say the sentence one more time and then you are gonna have a chance to write it.

Remember, sound out each word, okay? Think about any common exception words.

Check your sentence, punctuation, capital letters, full stops.

And remember, to keep an ear out for apostrophes.

Clap to contract, pulls to you for possession.

Maybe it doesn't need an apostrophe as well.

So be careful think about the rules we've looked at today.

Just say the sentence one more time.

The cat was chasing its tail round the room and it knocked over Jun's pencils in the pot.

Pause the video and write that sentence now.

Excellent work, everyone.

So, some brilliant use of apostrophes.

Some great use of punctuation, some lovely handwriting.

Let's have a look now.

I'd like to check your work and make any corrections as we go along.

The obviously needs to have a capital letter.

Cat was WAS chasing its.

Now listen, we don't need an apostrophe here do we? Because this is its possessive so there's no need for an apostrophe.

It's not the cat was chasing it is tail, okay? It's not the contracted form.

Tail round the room and it knocked ED there spelling, watch out for that one, sounds like a T and there's a silent K as well, over Jun's pencils.

Now, listen here.

Jun needs to have a capital letter, 'cause it's a proper noun, it's a person's name.

And we have an apostrophe s here for possession, because those pencils belong to Jun.

Jun's pencils in the pot.

And of course, we need a full stop.

So, we had two forms here, didn't we? We had the its form, which was the possessive form, which didn't need an apostrophe for possession.

And we had Jun here, Jun's apostrophe s pencils, which did need our apostrophe for possession.

We had two possessive words.

What did you learn? What successes did you have? Did you make any magic mistakes? Share your learning and make any corrections now.

Pause the video.

Really great work today, everyone.

Dealing with apostrophes can be quite tricky and we really have to keep an eye for them.

Today, we've been spelling words using the apostrophe for possession and for contraction.

Remember, an apostrophe has more than one purpose and we've looked at two purposes.

An apostrophe can show possession, so belonging.

An apostrophe can show contraction, which means this is replacing omitted letters when we informally join two words together.

It's is the contracted form of it is.

So, it's with an apostrophe is the contracted form of it is.

Plural nouns that end in s do not use an apostrophe.

Dogs, cats, et cetera.

When used in a sentence that is using 'em as a plural, they don't need an apostrophe.

Well done, everyone.

Keep up the great spelling, and I'll see you again soon.