Lesson video

Hello and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you for today's spelling lesson, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write on and write with, and someone to talk to to be excellent.

Let's get into today's lesson then.

I'm really looking forward to it.

In today's lesson, we're going to be using and spelling suffixes.

You'll be concentrating on adding this -ed suffix to the end of words.

The outcome is, I can spell words using the suffix -ed.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Suffix, root word, past tense, consonant.

Let's say those one more time.

Suffix, root word, past tense, consonant.

Brilliant.

So a suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to create a new word.

Root word is the base word onto which either a prefix or a suffix is added.

Sometimes, the root word changes when we add a suffix.

Past tense shows something that has happened already.

It's happened in the past.

And today, we're gonna be particularly concentrating on past tense verbs, actions that have already happened.

And a consonant.

A consonant is a sound that's made by the blocking of the air in the mouth, by the use of the teeth, the palate, the lips, or the tongue.

Letters like P and T and Q and M and N are consonants.

They are not vowels.

Vowels are spoken with an open mouth, like A-E-I-O-U.

The other letters in the alphabet then are consonants.

So we are going to be using the spelling and spelling suffixes, the -ed suffix today.

Here's our learning cycles.

We're gonna look at just adding -ed and removing the Y from root words.

And then we're going to be looking at removing the E from root words or doubling a consonant.

Let's get on with just adding our -ed suffix and removing the Y then from root words.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of a word that creates another word.

Here, my root word is 'play', and I'm going to add a suffix, an -ing suffix.

It creates the word 'playing'.

'Play' here is my root word.

And then I add onto it that -ing suffix to create the word 'playing'.

Smile.

Here, I'm adding my -ed suffix.

It becomes 'smiled'.

There are lots of different types of suffix, and there are different rules for how the root word changes when we add the suffixes.

And we're gonna look at some of these different rules today.

Let's have a read of some words.

My turn, your turn.

Walked, helped, cried, worried, danced, closed, stopped.

What do you notice about all of these words? Pause the video and have a think.

Good job.

Oh, and there was one more as well.

My turn, your turn.

Clapped.

Brilliant.

Well, I've noticed that all of these words end in that -ed suffix, don't they? These are verbs in the past tense.

So they're actions that have already happened in the past.

A bit of a confusing ending though, because sometimes, it sounds like a T.

Sometimes it sounds like a D, and sometimes it sounds like an 'id' as well, but they're all still spelt with this -ed suffix.

The word 'walked,' for instance, I didn't say I walked into the room.

I say I walked.

Sounds like a T, doesn't it? Whereas the words closed, that's a clear D, isn't it? So have a look here for me.

Choose the correct words to complete these sentences.

We have the words below.

There's only three spaces though, so you can only select three words.

Let's read those words, and then I'll read the sentence to us as well.

So the words are, my turn, your turn.

Suffix, which remember is that a group of letters or a letter at the end of a word that then change it into a new word.

Prefix, end, start, past, present.

And those final two are tenses.

So let's read the sentence, and then you are gonna select the correct words to finish the sentence for me.

<v ->Ed is a type of mm that is added to the mm of words.

</v> When -ed is added at the end of a word, it usually shows the mm tense.

Pause the video and select the correct three words and finish the sentences now.

Off you go.

Good job.

Let's see how you did then.

<v ->Ed is a type of suffix,</v> and we add suffixes to the end of the words.

When -ed is added to the end of a word, it usually shows the past tense.

So an action has already taken place.

Let's read through this sentence one more time.

Just listen.

<v ->Ed is a type of suffix that is added to the end of words.

</v> When -ed is added to the end of a word, it usually shows the past tense.

Often, we can just add the suffix -ed to the root word without changing it.

Remember, a root word is that base word onto which we either add a prefix or a suffix.

Today, we're looking at adding suffixes.

So we're adding to the end of a word.

For instance, my root word here is 'walk'.

I add my -ed suffix and it becomes 'walked'.

Here I have the word 'help.

' Becomes 'helped.

' Again, just adding our -ed suffix to make it a past tense verb.

'Ask', as in, I asked a question.

There we go, that word 'asked.

' Just adding -ed.

'Called', as in I made a phone call.

I wanted to turn it into the past tense.

"Yesterday, I called my friend." Called, -ed.

This usually happens when the verb ends in two consonant letters.

We usually add this -ed when that word ends in two consonant letters.

So 'walk' ends in an L and a K, two consonants.

And so we add our -ed.

'Help' ends in an L and a P, two consonants, so we add our -ed.

'Ask' ends in an S and a K, two consonants, so we add an -ed.

And 'call' ends in double L, two consonants, so we add -ed.

Remember, consonant is a sound that is made when air in the mouth is blocked using the teeth, the tongue, the lips, or the palates.

When the root word ends in a Y, the Y is replaced with an I before we add that suffix -ed.

This is really like other suffixes we've looked at as well, like the -ly suffix.

So 'worry' here ends in a Y.

I need to get rid of that Y, add an I, and then my -ed to make the word 'worried.

' See here, that Y is gone.

I've replaced it with an I, and then I've added my -ed suffix.

Carry.

I want to make the word 'carried,' turn it into past tense.

'Carry' ends in a Y.

So I must get rid of that Y, add an I, and then my -ed to make 'carried.

' This word here is 'cry'.

My root word is 'cry'.

'Cry' ends in a Y.

How do you think I'm going to spell the word 'cried' with that -ed suffix? Pause the video and spell out that word now.

Cried.

Good job.

It ends at a Y, doesn't it? What do I have to do? I have to get rid of that Y, add an I, and then my -ed.

So 'cried' is spelt like this.

Listen here.

Worry, carry, that Y at the end is making an E sound.

Cry, that Y at the end is making an I sound, so that Y spelling can represent different sounds, remember.

There is an exception.

Remember, exceptions are those things that don't follow our regular patterns or rules.

If the Y is part of a digraph, so two letters making one sound, coming after another vowel, it doesn't follow this rule.

Look at this word here.

Play.

A here, A-Y is a digraph making that A sound, isn't it? And it's after an L, which is a consonant.

So here, I need to keep my Y and then add -ed.

This word says 'enjoy'.

'Oy' here is a digraph.

O-Y is making that 'oy' sound, and it's following a J, a consonant.

So I need to keep that Y and just add -ed to make 'enjoyed'.

"I enjoyed last lesson." So remember, if the Y is part of a digraph coming after another vowel, like here, we have our Y following an A or a Y following an O, which are both vowels, then we just add our -ed.

Have a look here for me.

We've got some root words below.

Those base words onto which I'd like us to have a think about how we would add our -ed suffix.

What will happen to those words when we add that suffix? I've got two columns here.

I've got just add -ed, and I've got replace the Y with an I, then add -ed.

Let's read the root words, and then you're gonna put them in the correct columns.

My turn, your turn.

Help, carry, walk, cry, play, hurry.

Pause the video now and put these words into the correct column.

Are you just gonna add -ed, or are you gonna replace the Y with an I and then add -ed? Have a think.

Pause the video.

Good job, all.

So I'm hoping you've managed to sort these words like this.

The words helped, walked, and played, we just add -ed.

The one that was supposed to catch you out here was that word 'played', 'cause we've said when that word ends in a Y, usually, we get rid of that Y and add -ied.

But because this was part of the digraph, okay? That Y was following a vowel and was making that A sound, we're gonna keep that Y and just add -ed.

Not the same in the words 'carry', 'cry', and 'hurry' though.

In this instance, we need to get rid of our Y, add I and then -ed, because those Ys there were coming after consonants.

Check and see how you did.

So we're gonna have a go now at spelling some words.

We're gonna have a go at adding the suffix -ed to these verbs.

Let's read these verbs first.

Play, walk, cry, help.

So I want you to turn these into past tense verbs by adding that -ed suffix.

Think about the rules that we've just looked at, those two rules.

Just adding -ed or getting rid of the Y, adding an -ied.

But remember, there are some exceptions.

So I'm looking for you to spell the words: played, walked, cried, helped.

Pause the video and have a go at spelling those for me now.

Great job, everyone.

So I've seen 'played' written like this: played, plaied, and playd.

Now, the last one, I think we can immediately get rid of, can't we? 'Cause our suffix has been adding -ed, not just a D.

Now, the middle one was supposed to catch you out, 'cause this is this exception.

This is this instance where we don't get rid of our Y, because it's part of that digraph.

It's making that A sound.

And it's followed, or sorry, preceded by a vowel, an A.

So we just add our -ed here.

'Walked' was our next one.

Now again, we're adding -ed, aren't we? So it's not gonna be a T, although it does sound like a T, doesn't it? Walked.

I walked into the room.

So it's our -ed, and we're just adding -ed here.

So this is the correct spelling.

'Cried' was the next one.

Now, this is one of the instances where when it ends in that Y, we get rid of that Y, add an I, and then -ed.

So the correct spelling, past tense of cry, cried is this one.

And then 'helped'.

Helped.

L-P, two consonants, so we're gonna just add our -ed.

And it sounds like a T, but we're adding that -ed suffix.

Remember that -ed suffix can sound different.

Can sound like a T, it can sound like a D, or it can sometimes even sound like an -id.

Check and see how you did here.

Good job, everyone.

Pause the video.

Onto then our next learning cycle.

So we are gonna now look at when adding that -ed suffix, removing the E from the root word, or doubling the consonant of the root word.

When the root word ends in an E, the E is removed before adding our suffix -ed.

We don't want to have two Es at the end of that word before our D.

So here, I've got the word smile.

I'm gonna make 'smile' into 'smiled.

' I get rid of the E, and then I add my -ed suffix.

Here, I have the word 'bake'.

I baked a cake.

I'm gonna get rid of that E and then add my -ed suffix.

Here I have the word 'hope'.

"I hope the weather is good later on today." I'm gonna get rid of that E and add my -ed suffix.

This is just like adding the suffix -ing, which you may have looked at before.

We're getting rid of that E and then adding the suffix.

So here's the word 'dance'.

We would get rid of that E and then add the suffix -ing.

So remember, that root word ends in an E, get rid of the E, and then add your -ed suffix.

Have a look here for me.

You're gonna choose the correct spelling for each sentence.

I'll read them to you first.

And then think about the rule we've just looked at.

"I hoped my team would win the race." "He baked a cake yesterday." "He was friendly and smiled all the time." Pause the video and select the correct spelling of each of the verbs in the sentences.

Off you go.

Good job, everyone.

Can see people pointing at the correct spellings.

Very engaged.

So I hoped.

Now, that root word hope is H-O-P-E.

The next spelling actually says 'hopped', which would be a different word where we double that P and add -ed.

'Hoped' is what I was looking for.

'Hope' ends in an E.

You get rid of the E and add -ed.

The next word was 'baked.

' We're not gonna have double E-D.

We're gonna get rid of the E and then add our -ed suffix.

And finally, 'smiled'.

Hmm, something not right there with the first one, is there? That doesn't have my -ed, it just has a D.

And I'm adding the -ed suffix to that past tense today.

So 'smiled', this is the correct spelling.

Pause the video, see how you did.

So when the root word contains a short vowel and ends with a consonant, okay? Remember, a consonant is a sound that's made by blocking the air in the mouth, by using the teeth, tongue, lips, or palates.

The consonant is then doubled before adding the suffix -ed.

We kinda looked at one of these on the previous page, actually, that word 'hopped'.

So have a look here.

'Hop' is my single syllable.

Short vowel sign there, oh, oh, followed by the consonant.

And I'm gonna double that consonant P before adding my -ed.

Here's the word 'clap'.

Like I clapped my hands together.

That's ah, ah, a short vowel sound followed by P, which is a consonant, P, blocking that air.

So I'm gonna double that P and add my -ed.

Here's the word 'stop'.

Hmm, short vowel sound - oh, oh.

Consonant, P-P.

How am I gonna spell the word 'stopped'? "He stopped running." Stopped, how am I gonna spell that? Pause the video and have a think.

Great thinking.

Absolutely, we have a short vowel followed by a consonant.

We double that consonant, so double P, and then we add -ed.

Some words don't follow any of these rules.

They have irregular past tense verbs.

"Yesterday, I ate toast." I wouldn't say, "Yesterday, I eated toast." We used the irregular past tense verb 'ate'.

"Last week, I broke my toy." I wouldn't say, "Last week, I breaked my toy" and add -ed to that verb 'break'.

So sometimes, we have irregular past tense verbs, and they don't use that -ed suffix.

Watch out for these.

So have a look here and choose the correct spelling in each sentence for me.

I'll read the sentences first.

Think about the rules that we've been looking at today.

"I hopped as fast as I could in the race." Hopped.

"They clapped at the end of the show." "She stopped at the red man." Pause the video and select the correct spellings of those verbs now.

Good job.

So our first one was hopped.

Now, 'hop' is our root word, H-O-P.

Short vowel, consonant, double that consonant, add -ed.

Clap is our root word.

Short vowel, ah-ah, consonant, double that consonant, add -ed.

Stop, oh-oh.

Short vowel.

P is a consonant.

Double that consonant, -ed.

Remember, short vowel followed by consonant, double that consonant, then add -ed.

Check and see how you did.

When adding the suffix -ed, there are four different rules that we need to remember.

The first is, sometimes, we just add -ed.

Sometimes, we need to remove the Y and add an I before adding our -ed suffix.

Sometimes, we need to remove the E and then add -ed.

And then if we have a short vowel and a consonant, we're gonna double that consonant and add -ed.

When spelling words with the suffix -ed, try to think about these different rules.

Try to think about what the root word looks like, how it sounds, what you're going to need to do to it before adding that suffix.

So let's then like put this into action.

I've got my four rules here that we've generated.

I've got my four columns you can see.

I've got just add -ed, remove the Y and add -ied, remove the E and add -ed, and then double the consonant and add -ed, where there's that short vowel.

Let's read the words here, and then you are gonna sort them.

Smile, ask, or ask.

Cry, hop, clap, bake, walk, carry.

Pause the video and put these words into the correct columns now.

Excellent job, everyone.

I'm hoping you've got some sorted columns like this.

The word 'ask' would become 'asked'.

We're just gonna add -ed.

The word 'walk' will become 'walked.

' We're just gonna add -ed.

Our root word 'cry' and 'carry' both ended in a Y.

And there was the instance there where we would need to get rid of the Y and add our -ied.

'Smile' and 'baked' both had E at the end.

We removed that E and add our -ed for 'smiled' and 'baked.

' And then 'hop' and 'clap', short vowel followed by a consonant.

We double the consonant and add -ed.

'Hopped' and 'clapped'.

Check and see how you did.

Pause video now.

So we're here looking at removing the E or doubling the consonant.

We're gonna have a go now adding the suffix <v ->ed to these verbs.

</v> Think about the rules that we've looked at and generated today.

Here are the words.

'Smile' needs to become 'smiled'.

'Cry' needs to become 'cried.

' 'Stop' needs to become 'stopped' and 'ask' or 'ask' needs to become 'asked' or 'asked.

' Pause the video.

Add that -ed suffix now.

Don't forget, think what you might need to do to that root word.

Pause the video, off you go.

Great job, everyone.

'Smiled' ends in that E, doesn't it? So we're gonna get rid of that E and then add -ed.

We've been adding the -ed suffix.

There will be an -ed there, not too Es and AD and -ed.

Correct spelling is this one here.

'Try', I want to make 'tried'.

Hmm, that's that Y.

They're making that I sound.

I need to get rid there of that Y and then add -ied.

Correct spelling is this one here.

'Stop' become 'stopped'.

Be careful.

Sounds like a T at the end, but it's not.

It's that -ed.

And listen to that word, 'stop.

' Oh-oh, short vowel.

And then our consonant P.

So we're gonna double that consonant.

I'm gonna add -ed.

This is our correct spelling.

And finally 'ask' or 'ask', depending on how you pronounce it.

We're just gonna add -ed here.

I know it sounds like it's a T, but again, it's that -ed past tense suffix.

This is the correct spelling.

Check and see how you did.

Pause the video now.

Great work today, everybody.

Really impressed with your spelling.

Today, we've been using and spelling suffixes, and we've been looking at that -ed suffix.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters at the end of a word, which creates another word.

And we've been looking at adding this -ed suffix to create some past tense verbs.

There are four key rules.

Sometimes, we just add -ed.

Sometimes, we have to remove a Y and add an I before adding our -ed.

And then sometimes, we even have to remove an E and then add our -ed.

And finally, when there's that short vowel sound, like the word hop, hop, hop, hop, hop, we're gonna double that consonant, and then we're gonna add -ed.

Keep up with great spelling, everyone.

I'll see you again soon.