Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you for today's spelling lesson, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write on and write with, and someone to talk to would be excellent.

Let's get into today's lesson then.

I'm really looking forward to it.

In today's lesson, we're going to be using and spelling suffixes.

And in particular, we're going to be looking at adding the -er suffix to the end of a word.

The outcome will be, "I can spell words using the suffix -er." Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Make sure I can hear you saying these back to me.

Suffix.

Root word.

Adjective.

Consonant.

Syllable.

Brilliant.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters that we can add to the end of a word to create a new word.

The important bit there is it's added to the end of a word.

A root word is that base word onto which we can either add a prefix or a suffix.

An adjective describes a noun.

It tells you what it's like.

A consonant is a sound that's made when air is blocked in the mouth, either by the lips, the tongue, the teeth, or the palate.

P and T, M and N, are examples of consonants.

And finally, a syllable is a single sound or beat found in a word that contains a vowel sound.

The word hop, for instance, contains one vowel.

Hop.

It can help to clap out those vowel sounds, to clap out the syllables.

Some words can have more than one syllable, and they're known as polysyllabic words.

Poly meaning many.

Keep an ear out for these words in today's learning.

They're gonna be really important.

So, we're using the suffix -er today.

We're going to look at adding this suffix to a number of different root words.

We're going to consider how those root words change.

In the first learning cycle.

We're just going to add -er to some root words, and then we're going to look at words where we need to remove the Y.

Then we're going to look at removing E, or doubling the consonant in certain words.

So let's begin by just adding -er, and by removing Y from root words and adding our suffix, -er.

Remember, a suffix is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of a word, which creates another word.

Here, my root word is play, and I've added my -er suffix to create the word player, a new word.

We can see here, play is that root word, and onto it, we have added our suffix, to create a new word, player.

Here's another suffix, the -ed suffix, which you may have looked at before.

My root word is smile.

I've then removed my E and added my -ed suffix, to create the word smiled.

Sometimes that root word will actually change.

In the instance of smile, here, we can see we've removed that E and then added our -ed suffix.

There are lots of different types of suffix.

There are different rules for how the root word will change when we add that suffix.

Let's have a read of some words that contain our -er suffix, then.

My turn, your turn.

Teacher.

Jumper.

Like the jumper I'm wearing now.

Faster.

Happier.

Braver.

Nicer.

Hotter.

Sadder.

So, we can see here that in each of these words, there is our -er suffix.

Now interestingly, adding the -er suffix to the end of a word can create an extra syllable in a word.

So my root word, teach, contains one syllable, but the word teacher contains two syllables.

Jump contains one.

Jumper contains two.

Fast or fast contains one.

Faster or faster contains two syllables.

So adding that suffix adds another syllable into the word.

Brave has one syllable.

Brave.

Braver has two syllables.

And remember, it can help to clap out the syllables in a word, so you make sure you hear each sound.

Let's have a look at a bit more detail at these words then.

'Cause I've noticed something else here as well.

I can see here that some of my words are nouns.

Words like teacher and jumper can be nouns.

But most of them are adjectives.

Words like faster, happier, braver, nicer, hotter, and sadder, are all adjectives.

And remember, adjectives describe nouns.

"She is faster than me." "Faster" there is being used to describe "she" in that sentence.

These adjectives help us to compare things.

So these -er adjectives in particular are used to help us compare different things.

"They are happier than me." That's comparing the happiness between them and me.

"She is braver than him." That's then comparing the braveness between she and him.

"Today is hotter than yesterday." Again, it's comparing the difference in temperature between today and yesterday.

"She was faster than her sister." "Today was hotter than yesterday." So our -er suffix creates adjectives that can compare different nouns.

Often, we just have to add this -er suffix to the root word, without changing it.

So let's have a look at some examples.

Here, my root word is "quiet".

With this word, I just need to add -er, to create the word "quieter".

Here, my root word is tall.

Taller.

I've created that comparative adjective.

Slow, which is an adjective.

Slower, that comparative adjective.

Fast, faster.

Comparative adjective.

When the root word ends in a Y, the Y is replaced with an I, and then the suffix -er is added.

And this is like some of the other suffixes that I'm sure you may have looked at in your learning.

Happy, happier.

Happy ends in a Y.

I remove that Y, I add an I, and then my -er.

Busy.

Busier.

Notice again, I've removed the Y, I've added an I, and then my -er suffix.

Funny.

How do you think, then, I'm going to spell the word funnier? Pause the video and have a think now.

Funny ends in a Y.

What do I need to do? Pause the video.

Great.

Absolutely, because it ends in that Y, I need to get rid of the Y, replace it with an I, and then add my -er suffix to create that comparative adjective.

Here's another one.

Easy becoming easier.

Again, rid of the Y.

Add an I, -er.

So, I'd like you to have a look at these root words below, and we'll say them in a moment.

And I want you to put them into the correct column that show what will happen when we add our -er suffix to create that comparative adjective.

Are we just going to add -er, or do we need to remove a Y, and then add our -ier? Let's read these root words first.

Tall.

Happy.

Slow.

Busy.

Fast.

Funny.

So if I take tall, for instance, I want to create the word taller, to create that comparative adjective.

Which column would it go into? You guys, pause the video now, and sort these words into the correct columns.

Off you go.

Well done, team.

So, I can see here that I've got the words tall, slow, and fast.

And in that instance, I just had to add my -er suffix to create those new adjectives.

Happy, busy, and funny, on the other hand, ended in a Y.

And our rule there was remove the Y, add -ier to create happier, busier, and funnier, as our comparative adjectives.

Pause the video and see how you did.

So let's do a little test now, and let's see if you've been paying attention as to these two rules we just looked at for adding that -er.

Just adding the -er or removing the Y, and then adding -ier.

I'd like us to have a go at adding -er to these adjectives to create some comparative adjectives.

Our words are, my turn, your turn.

Small.

Happy.

Quiet.

Funny.

So I want us to make smaller, happier, quieter, funnier.

Pause the video and have a go at adding -er to these words.

Don't forget our rules.

Off you go.

Well done, everyone.

Let's have a look and see how you've done then.

Small becomes smaller.

Let's think about this.

Sounds like I'm just going to add my -er suffix.

I don't need to add an I, because the word doesn't end in a Y.

And is my root word going to change? It's not going to suddenly use an L, is it? No.

Correct spelling.

Just adding -er.

Happier, I've seen written like this.

Watch out for this one.

It ends in that Y.

What must we do? Remove the Y, add -ier.

So the correct spelling is this one here.

Quiet.

Seen written like this.

Hmm.

Middle one doesn't look right to me there.

That says quitter.

Definitely not right.

Hmm.

Quite-r? Hmm.

We're adding an -er suffix, aren't we? This one's just an -er.

That's our correct spelling.

And finally, funny.

That word ends in a Y.

Remember what we need to do when it ends in a Y? That's it.

Removes the I, add.

Sorry, remove the Y, add an I, and then add our -er.

<v ->Ier.

Funnier.

</v> This is our correct spelling.

Well done, everyone.

Check and see how you did.

So we've looked at adding, just adding -er, and we've looked at removing Y and adding -ier.

Now we're going to look at root words that end in an E and root words that end in a consonant and doubling that consonant.

When the root word ends in an E, the E is removed before adding our suffix -er, because we don't want to have double -er.

Let's have a look at this in action, then.

Here's the word wise, like someone who's incredibly smart and knowledgeable.

Wise.

I want to create the word wiser.

"She is wiser than him." Remember, we're creating comparative adjectives.

Describe nouns.

So, wiser will be spelled like this.

We remove the E from the end of wise, and then we add our -er suffix.

It's the same with brave.

Remove the E, add our -er suffix to create braver.

Wide, as in this street is wider than that one.

So again, wide ends in an E.

Remove the E and add our -er suffix.

Wider.

This is just like adding the suffix -ing, where you must also remove the E before then adding the -ing.

So the word dance, for instance, or dance.

You would need to remove that E before adding -ing, to create dancing.

This is quite common with many other suffixes, too.

So keep an eye out for this.

Removing that E, and then adding the suffix.

Choose the correct spellings in each sentence.

I'll read them to us, and think about the rules we've just been looking at.

"She felt wiser after reading the book." "The blue desk is wider than the black one." "She felt braver when her friend was nearby." Pause the video and select the correct spelling of the comparative adjectives now.

Good job, everyone.

So remember, we've just looked at that rule that said, if our root word ended in E, remove the E and add -er.

So the first one is wiser.

My root word is wise.

I know that ended in E, so I'm going to just remove that E, and then add -er.

Wise is spelled W-I-S-E.

That root word, the majority of the spelling there is not going to change.

The only thing that's going to change is that E at the end being removed, and then my ER.

Wider.

Again, remove the E from the word wide, and then add -er.

And finally, braver.

For the first spelling, that definitely doesn't look right.

We're adding -er suffix today, aren't we? So that person, there's removes the E completely, and then not added any E back in.

So the correct spelling is this one here, braver.

"She felt braver when her friend was nearby." Pause the video and check to see how you did there.

So when the root word contains a short vowel, ah, eh, ih, oh, uh, and ends in a consonant, so one of those sounds that's created by blocking air in the mouth with the teeth, tongue, lips, or palate, the consonant is doubled before adding your suffix -er to the end of the word.

Let's look at this in action.

Here I have the word big.

Big.

Single syllable.

Ih, ih, short vowel, and a G as my consonant.

I need to double that consonant and then add -er.

So I get bigger.

Now with two syllables, but a doubled consonant before my -er.

Thin.

Thin.

Ih, ih, short vowel.

N as my consonant.

I need to double that consonant before then adding my -er.

Thinner.

And that -er again is adding another syllable, isn't it? Wet.

I want to create wetter.

Hmm.

"My towel is wetter than it was before, because I've been swimming." Wetter.

How am I gonna spell wetter? That's a short eh, eh sound, isn't it? What do I need to do to the consonant before adding my -er suffix? Pause the video now, and sound out or spell out that word "wetter" for me.

Off you go.

Great job.

So because it's a short vowel, I need to double the consonant before adding my -er.

That's how we would spell that comparative adjective, wetter.

This is just like adding, again, the suffix, -ing.

Here we have the word skip.

Ih ih, short vowel.

For the consonant, P at the end.

Skip.

I need to double the content before adding -ing.

There's lots of similarities in the rules and behaviours of adding many different suffixes, so keep an eye out for these in your learning.

So have a look here.

Choose the correct spelling in each sentence.

I'm gonna read the sentences.

"I wanted a bigger piece of cake." "The grass was wetter after the rain." "It was hotter in the sunshine." Hmm.

Think carefully.

What rule have we just looked at? I think I can hear a short vowel in each of these adjectives.

Pause the video and select the correct spellings now.

Well done, team.

So, bigger.

My root word, there's big.

Ih ih, short vowel.

Double the consonant, add -er.

The grass was wetter.

Eh, eh, short vowel.

Double the consonant, add -er.

And hotter.

Hotter.

Oh, oh.

Short vowel.

Double that consonant, add -er.

Pause the video and see how you did.

When adding the suffix -er, there are four different rules to remember.

In some words, you just add -er to create that comparative adjective.

If a word ends in a Y, we're gonna remove that Y, and then add I before adding our -er suffix.

We remove the E and add -er if a word ends in an E.

And, if there's a short vowel followed by a consonant, we double that consonant and then add -er.

When spelling words with a suffix, try to think about which rule you're using.

Think about that root word.

Think about how it's spelled, how it sounds.

Look at it carefully.

So, I've got some root words below.

I'd like you to put them into the correct column, using the correct rule.

And our four rules are here.

We can see in each column it says, "just add -er." One says, "remove the Y and add an -ier." One says, "remove the E and add -er." And then we have, "if it has a short vowel, we double that consonant and add -er." Let's read our root words first, then you're gonna sort them, and say what those new comparative adjectives are gonna be.

Tall would obviously become taller.

So you think about that one.

Easy will become easier.

Sad will become sadder.

Fast will become faster, or faster.

Wise will become wiser.

Happy will become happier.

Brave will become braver.

Hot will become hotter.

Think about each of these root words.

Think about how they're spelt.

Think about how they sound.

What rules do they need to follow? Pause the video and put them in the correct columns now.

Great work, team.

So I'm hoping you sorted them like this.

The words tall and fast or fast, we just have to add -er to.

The words easy and happy both ended in a Y, so we chopped off that Y, added an I, and then our -er.

Wise and braver both ended in an E, okay? So what we have to do there was remove the E and then add -er.

And finally, sad and hot.

Ah, ah, oh, oh, short vowel before our consonant.

Double the consonant, add -er.

Check and see how you did.

So we're gonna have a go now at spelling some of these words.

I'd like us please to add the -er suffix to each of these words, to create that new comparative adjective.

So here are our initial adjectives.

My turn, your turn.

Funny, hot, brave, thin.

Remember, we're adding that -er suffix.

So I'm gonna hopefully have you spelling funnier, hotter, braver, thinner.

Look at each of the words.

Consider how that root word ends, or how it sounds.

And that's going to inform you as to which rule you're going to use for adding that -er suffix.

Pause the video now, and create the new adjectives by adding our -er suffix.

Off you go.

Good job.

So, I've seen funnier written like this.

Hmm, now, think about that word.

Funny, funny.

Well, the root word's not going to change too much, is it? But it does end in that Y.

So I need to chop off that Y, and add an -ier.

Definitely not going to lose one of my Ns.

The only thing that's going to change there is that Y at the end.

Hot.

Think about that one.

Oh, oh.

Short vowel followed by a consonant.

We're going to need to double the consonant and then add -er.

So it's hotter, H-O-T-T-E-R.

I've seen brave written like this.

Now think about this.

It ends in an E.

We need to get rid of the E and then add -er, because we're adding that -er suffix.

So it's always going to end in that -er, not a double -er.

So our correct spelling is this one.

And thin.

Th-ih-n.

Ih, ih.

Short vowel.

So I'm gonna double that consonant, and then add my -er suffix.

So this one here is the correct spelling.

Thinner.

Brilliant job.

Share any successes.

Think about the rules that we've had to use.

Pause the video, make any corrections now.

So in today's lesson, we've been adding that -er suffix.

Remember, a suffix is a group of letters or a letter that we add to the end of a word to create a new word.

When using the -er suffix, there's four key rules.

Sometimes we just have to add -er to the root word.

Other times you have to remove the Y from the root word and add -ier.

Other times we remove the E and then add -er.

And sometimes when there's a short vowel sound followed by a consonant in the root word, we double that consonant and then add our -er.

Excellent spelling today, everyone.

Keep an eye out for these comparative adjectives in your reading and writing.

I'll see you soon.