Lesson video

Hello and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you, for today's spelling lesson, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write on and write with, and someone to talk to you would be excellent.

Let's get into today's lesson then.

I'm really looking forward to it.

In this lesson, we're going to be using and spelling words with suffixes, and we're going to be in particularly adding the -est suffix to the end of words.

The outcome is, "I can spell words using the suffix -est." Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Make sure I can hear you saying these after me.

Suffix.

Root word.

Adjective.

Consonant.

Syllable.

Good job.

So let's have a little chat about these then.

We are adding the -est suffix to words today.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters that you can add to the end of a word to create a new word.

The root word is the base word onto which you either add a prefix or a suffix.

Adjectives.

Adjectives describe nouns: they can tell you what it's like and they can add detail.

Consonants: a consonant is a sound that is made by blocking the air in the mouth with the teeth, tongue, lips, or palates.

T, p, m and n are all examples of consonants.

And finally, a syllable.

A syllable is a single sound or beat in a word that contains a vowel sound.

The word hot, for instance, contains one syllable.

Some words can be polysyllabic, which means they contain more than one syllable.

Keep an ear out for these words in today's learning because they're going to be very important.

Here's the outline for today's lesson than.

We are spelling suffixes.

We are concentrating on that -est suffix.

We're going to be looking at some different rules and how those root words change when we add this suffix.

But first of all we're going to look at some words where we just have to add that -est suffix.

We're also going to be looking at some words where we remove the y from the root word before adding that suffix.

Then we're going to look at removing E from root words and also doubling the consonant of the root word.

Let's get on then at looking at some words where we just add the -est and some words where we need to remove our y, and what we then need to do.

A suffix is a group of letters or letter at the end that we add to the end of a word that can create a new word.

Let's have a look at some in action.

My root word here is play.

I'm gonna add that -er suffix here: becomes player.

Here you can see, it's like a jigsaw piece being fitted onto the end of my root word.

Notice here how the root word play hasn't had to change.

This won't always be the case, some suffixes will make the root word change.

Here we had the root word fast or fast.

It's an adjective.

If I add the -est suffix I then get a new word; fastest or fastest.

Notice how my root word here, again, didn't change, I just add on my -est suffix.

There are lots of different types of suffix.

There are different rules of how the root word will change when we add different suffixes.

Remember, today we are looking at adding that -est suffix.

Let's read some words then.

My turn, your turn.

Fastest.

Strongest.

Happiest.

Rainiest.

So most rain falling.

Nicest.

Bravest.

And biggest.

Thinnest.

Have a look at these for me.

What do you notice about these words? Have a pause and a think.

Absolutely, they all end in this -est suffix.

Adding the suffix -est creates an extra syllable in the word.

So if I look here at the word fast or fast.

Fast, single syllable, fastest.

And I have two syllables 'cause I have two vowel sounds in that word.

Strong, one syllable.

Strongest, two syllables.

Happy.

Happy actually has two: happy.

Now, if I look at happiest: happiest, I now have three.

So it's added another syllable into that word.

Rainy.

Again, two syllables: rainiest.

Three syllables.

Nice, one syllable.

Nicest, two syllables.

Clapping can really help us with those syllables 'cause it helps us to hear the beats in the word.

Thin is one syllable: thin.

Thinnest, two syllables: it's added an extra syllable there.

If we look more closely at these words as well, you may notice something.

They are all adjectives.

They're words that we can use to describe nouns.

"Adjectives describe nouns.

"These adjectives help us to compare things.

"She was the fastest sprinter in the class." That's us describing the she here, our noun, and it's comparing her to the rest of the class.

"This is the biggest pencil I have ever seen." Biggest is being used to describe the pencil there, and it's comparing it to all of the other pencils that this person's seen before.

So it's the comparative adjective.

"Adding the suffix -est means the most of something," okay.

So fastest means you are the most fast.

Biggest means that is the largest, the most big thing.

"Often we can just add the suffix -est to the root word "without changing it." Fast becomes fastest.

Short becomes shortest.

Notice how the root words fast and short have not had to change here when adding that -est suffix.

Warm has become warmest.

New, hmm, how do you think I'm going to spell newest then? Pause the video and think.

Do you think every root word's going to change? Pause the video, off you go.

Brilliant.

Absolutely not.

And this is new as in something that's brand new that you just bought not new as in I knew here, which would have a naughty silent k before it.

And that wouldn't actually be able to be a word at all.

When the root word ends in y, the y is replaced with an i before adding our -est suffix.

This is like many other suffixes you may have looked at before with the root word ending in a y.

Happy ends in a y.

So what do I need to do? I need to get rid of the y, add an i, and then my -est suffix to create happiest.

Busy becomes busiest.

Again, ends in a y.

Get rid of that y, add an -iest to create busiest.

How do you think then I'm going to spell the word funniest.

The root word funny ends in a y.

What's my rule when adding that -est suffix if my root word ends in a y.

Pause the video and spell out the word funniest for me now.

Great.

Absolutely.

Because it ends in that y, that root word, we get rid of it, add an i and then -est.

Easy.

Quite easy.

Following this pattern, ending in a y, get rid of the y, add -iest.

So we've just looked at two rules.

Sometimes we just add -est.

Sometimes if the root word ends in a y, you get rid of the y, you add an i and then our -est.

There's some root words below.

I'd like you to sort them into the correct columns in this table.

Do they just add an -est? Or do you need to remove the y and then add -iest.

Let's say the root words first.

Tall.

Happy.

Slow.

Busy.

Fast.

Funny.

So tall will become tallest.

Consider, are we just adding -est or is there a y there? Sort these words into the correct columns now.

Off you go, pause the video.

Great, so I'm hoping you sorted them like this.

The root word tall: just add in an -est Slow: again, just add in an -est.

And fast, or fast, again, -est.

The words happy, busy, and funny will end in that y.

And we said our rule when adding that -est suffixes, remove the y, add -iest to create; happiest, busiest, funniest.

Pause the video and see how you did now.

So we're gonna have a go now at spelling some words, some adjectives, okay.

So here are some adjectives.

We're gonna create some of those superlative, comparative adjectives now, okay.

Small, happy, quiet and funny are our adjectives we have here.

And I want us to have a go at adding our -est suffix to the end to create a new word, a new adjective.

So small will become smallest.

Happy will become happiest.

Quiet will become quietest.

And funny will become funniest.

Consider, does the root word need to change at all? Do I need to remove anything and add anything, or can I just add my -est suffix? Pause the video and create those new adjectives now.

Off you go.

Well done team.

So here I can see smallest has been written in these ways.

Now does that root word end in a y? Do I need to be getting rid of anything and adding in -iest? I don't think so.

Is that route word going to change at all? Enter the double l, doesn't it? I just need to add -est here to create smallest.

Happy: now that word ends in a y, doesn't it? What have we said? If that root word ends in a y we add an -est, we get rid of the y, we add an i and then our -est.

So happiest is my correct spelling here.

Quiet, quietest.

Let's have a look.

I've seen it written like this.

Now is that root word going to change? It's not gonna become quit, is it? It's gonna become, still says quiet.

And I'm not going to add -ist ever on its own, it'll be -iest if I've gotten rid of a y.

So I just need to add -est to this word.

So it's quietest.

It does sound a little bit like an I-S-T though, -ist, doesn't it? I didn't necessarily go quietest, and really enunciate that e do I? So listen out for that.

Be careful.

It's that E-S-T spelling of that ist sound.

And finally, funny.

I've seen it written like this.

Now, funny ends in a y, what's our rule? I'm sure you're all shouting at me right now.

Mr. Moss, Mr. Moss, chop off the y, add i and then -est.

So my correct spelling is this one here: F-U-N-N-I-E-S-T.

Great job, everyone.

Pause the video now.

Make any corrections.

Share how you did with those around you.

Pause the video, off you go.

Okay, so we've looked at adding just -est to certain root words.

We've looked at getting rid of the y and adding -iest to certain root words.

Now we're gonna look at two more rules when adding -est suffix to the end of a word.

We're gonna look at removing r or doubling the consonant.

When the root word ends in an e, it is removed before adding our -est.

We don't want a double -est at the end of our words.

So the word wise here, okay, as in knowledgeable or smart.

I'm not gonna spell it with just adding my -est, otherwise I'd have two e's, and it would look very strange.

So I'm gonna get rid of the e that's there, and then add -est: wisest.

Brave again, ending in an e.

Get rid of that e and then add my -est.

Wide, widest.

That is the widest street I have ever seen.

It's the most wide.

How am I gonna spell widest do you think? Wide ends in an e.

What's the rule we are looking at? Pause the video and spell widest out loud.

Off you go.

Good job.

Heard some excellent spelling there.

Of course, I'm gonna remove the e and then add -est.

This is like adding the suffix -er, which you may have looked at before.

So here with the word brave 'cause it ends in an e, I need to get rid of the e before then adding my -er.

You'll notice that both these suffixes begin with an e, don't they: E-S-T-E-R.

We don't want that double e there.

We need to get rid of the e and then add either -est or -er.

Some suffixes do behave similarly, so keep an eye out for these in your reading and writing.

So I'm gonna read some sentences to you now, and I'd like you to select the correct spelling of the words, those adjectives that are within them.

"The owl was the wisest animal in the wood.

"The blue desk is the widest in the classroom.

"She felt the bravest she had ever been." Pause the video and select the correct spelling of those adjectives now.

Consider the rules we've looked at.

Good job team.

So let's go through them.

The owl was the wisest.

Well wise ends in an e, I get rid of the e, I then add -est.

I don't want two e's there.

The desk was the widest.

Again, it does sound a bit like widist, doesn't it? Ih, ih.

But as we know we're adding that E-S-T spelling, for that ist sound.

So -est, getting rid of the e from our root word wide.

And then bravest.

Again, sounds a bit like -its, doesn't it? But we know spelling it E-S-T, so bravest.

The root word brave had an e, I got rid of the e and then added my -est.

Paused the video now and see how you did.

So when the root word contains a short vowel, ah, eh, ih, oh, uh and ends in a consonant.

And remember consonants are those sounds that are created by blocking air with the mouth, using the teeth, tongue, lips or palates, P, t, m, n are some examples.

That consonant is then doubled before adding our suffix.

So short vowel sound of the consonant, double that consonant and then add your suffix.

Let's have a look at this in action.

Here I've got the word big.

Big, ih, ih, that's a short vowel, isn't it? Ah, eh, ih, oh, uh, ih, ih.

And then I have my g consonant, my g, I need to double that g, add -est.

Thin, ih, ih.

Again, short vowel.

And then an n, a consonant.

Double that n, add -est.

Wet, W-E-T.

But it's making an eh, eh, w, eh, t.

We, eh, eh, eh, short vowel.

And then my t consonant, double that consonant, add -est.

This is just like adding a suffix -er again.

The word big here, short vowel before the consonant.

I'm gonna double that g, -er: biggest, bigger.

Behaves very similarly here when adding -est as it does to -er.

Short vowel wound for the consonant, double that consonant, then add your suffix.

So with that in mind, I'm gonna read you some sentences and I want you to select the correct spelling.

"I had the biggest piece of cake.

"The grass was wettest during the rainstorm.

"It was the hottest day of the week." Look at those adjectives, select the correct spelling of the adjectives.

Consider, is it a short vowel? Do I need to double the consonant before adding my -est suffix? Pause the video and select the correct adjectives now.

Well done.

Biggest: eh, eh, short vowel sound.

Then my g consonant, double it, -est.

Wettest: again, eh, eh, short vowel sound.

Consonant, double it, -est.

And finally, hottest, oh, oh.

Another short vowel before my consonant t, double that t, -est.

Well done.

Pause the video and see how you did now.

So when adding the suffix -est, today, we've looked at four different rules for adding a suffix.

Some words you can just add -est, others you need to remove the y before adding -iest.

If that root word ends in an e, remove the e and then add -est.

We don't want any double e's.

And if there's a short vowel and a consonant at the end of that root word, like big, ih, ih, short vowel ah, eh, ih, oh, uh, before that continent, double that consonant, add -est.

Big becomes biggest.

When spelling words with the suffix -est, try to think about which rule you are going to be using, so you've got four of them.

So I've got some root words here, and I've got my four rules here in each column.

Just add -est, remove the y and add -iest.

Remove the e and add -est.

Double that consonant with the short vowel and then add -est.

Let's read the root words and then put them into the correct columns and have a go at saying each of them with our -est suffix.

Long.

Easy.

Sad.

Fast or fast.

Nice.

Funny.

Brave.

Big So long would become longest.

Think about which of those columns it would go into, then do the same with each of the other words.

Pause the video, and off you go.

Great job team.

So I'm hoping you sorted them like this.

Long and fast, we just had to add -est.

Easy and funny, the root words both ended in y, we get rid of that y, add -iest.

Nice and brave, the root words ended in e.

Get rid of the e, add -est, no double e's.

And sad, big, ah, ah, sad, ah, ah.

B-I-G, ih, ih, short vowels before our consonant d and g, means we need to double that consonant, saddest, double d, -est.

Big, biggest, double g, -est.

Well done.

Pause the video, see how you did.

So now we do a practise task where we're going to add the suffix -est to these adjectives to create another adjective.

Let's read our adjectives first.

Brave.

Long.

Nice.

Thin.

Think about the rules you've been looking at.

Remember, there's those four key rules when adding this -est suffix.

What sounds can you hear? What endings do our root word have? Pause the video now and add -est to these root words.

Off you go.

Well done team.

So bravest: that root word ends in an e, doesn't it? Brave, I can see.

You need to get rid of the e and then add -est.

It's not gonna be braviest, okay.

Or braveest, no double e's: bravest: B-R-A-V-E-S-T.

Long, longest.

Again, it sounds like an ih, ih, but we know we're adding -est for that sound, aren't we? So longest.

I don't say longest.

I say longist, but I know it's my E-S-T spelling.

I'm just adding -est to this one.

This is the correct spelling.

Nice, it's gonna be nicest.

Think about this one.

The root word nice, like brave is ending in an e.

What did we say our rule was? Get rid of the e, get rid of that e and then add -est: nicest.

There you go.

And finally: thinnest.

Ih, ih, n, thin: thinnest.

Short vowel there before my consonant.

So I need to double my consonant and then add -est: thinnest.

Remember, it might sound like an I-S-T spelling, but it's not, it's an E-S-T spelling for that sound.

Be careful with long as well, oh, oh.

Has a short vowel in it, doesn't it? I'm not gonna double that g because before my consonant there there's two consonants, n, g.

So I don't need to double any consonants there.

Brilliant.

Pause the video and see how you did now.

Well done today.

Great spelling everybody.

We've been looking at using and spelling suffixes, and we've been concentrating on the -est suffix.

In our learning today we've looked at the fact that "a suffix is a letter or group of letters "at the end of a word which creates another word.

"When using the -est suffix, "there are four key rules to remember." Some words we just add -est.

If the word ends in a y, that root word, you remove the y and add -iest.

The root word ends in an e, remove the e and add -est.

And if it's a short vowel before one consonant at the end of the word, we double the continent and add -est.

Remember the suffix -est is creating adjectives.

Excellent spelling today.

Keep up your great work.

And I'll see you again soon.