Hello, everybody.

My name is Ms. Afzal and I am really delighted to be with you today.

That's because we're going to be doing some handwriting, and that's one of my favourite things to do.

So I hope you're ready.

Hope you're feeling good.

I hope you've got some paper, a pencil, a great deal of enthusiasm because we gonna have a great time together.

Let's get into it.

The outcome for today's lesson is I can correctly form the fourth join with a lead in and the lead out.

And here are the key words for today's lesson.

Let's go through them.

My turn, your turn.

Cursive.

Lead in.

Lead out.

X-height line.

Ascender line.

Okay, well done.

Good repeating back.

Make sure you look out and listen out for those words.

They will be coming up in this lesson.

They'll be coming up in our lesson.

The fourth join: wl, ok, rt and rl with lead in.

Our lesson will begin with handwriting warm up.

Then we'll look at the fourth join: wl and ok.

And then the fourth join: rt and rl.

Let's start with our handwriting warm ups.

Hmm.

Now, why is handwriting warm up important? Because before starting to write, it's important that we warm up our hands and our wrist muscles.

Because our hands and wrist get stronger when we exercise them.

And warming up your hands for writing will help to improve your handwriting.

We're going to start our handwriting warm ups with a really, really fun warm up.

This one is piano playing.

And this is so much fun because we get to exercise our hands and we get to imagine a really fun tune in our head.

So I'm going to go first and then it will be your turn.

I'm getting my fingers in position on top of my imaginary piano.

And I am going to start pressing each of these keys on the keyboard by moving my fingers and pressing them down, stretching my fingers, moving along the keyboard, making a lovely tune.

Oh my goodness.

This sounds great.

I'm enjoying hearing this in my mind.

Wonderful.

And now it's your turn.

Get your hands ready.

Get your fingers in position on, just above the keys on your piano keyboard and let's go.

Let's start playing our tune.

So you're pressing your fingers down on the imaginary piano keyboard.

You are stretching out your fingers 'cause you need to go and to reach some of those notes that are a little bit further away.

Oh, how's your tune sounding? Are you enjoying it? I can hear all these lovely imaginary tunes.

What a great, great sound.

What a great stretch for our fingers.

Well done, everyone.

Next, we're going to have a go at the clapping position.

So for this, we're going to bring our hands together as if we were clapping.

And I'll have a go first, and then it will be your turn.

And I'm gonna press all of my fingers into each other.

So fingers from this hand are pressing into the fingers from this hand.

And my palms, the centre of your hand.

Those the palms are pressing against each other as well.

It's a really, really nice way for us to get our hands and our wrists as well ready for handwriting.

Hmm.

It feels really nice.

It's your turn.

Get your hands ready as if you're going to clap.

You'll deserve a clap after this.

And let's press them together.

Resting together, each of your fingers, pressing together your thumbs, pressing the palms of your hands together.

Your wrists are getting a nice little stretch here as well.

Doesn't this feel great? Oh, lovely and relax.

Well done.

And practising writing patterns helps to prepare us for writing and joining letters.

Look at these fantastic patterns that we can see before us.

Let's have a go at some patterns.

I'm gonna have a go at this writing pattern in the air, then it will be your turn.

So I'm gonna go up, loop around and down, up loop and down, up loop and down.

Let's go backwards.

Up loop and down, up loop and down, up loop and down.

Very nice.

It feels good.

It's your turn.

Are you ready to feel good? Let's go.

Up loop and down, up loop and down, up loop and down.

Let's go the other way.

Up loop and down, up loop and down, up loop and down.

Very nice patterns.

Well done.

For your task, I would like you to copy and continue these patterns using your tripod grip.

Remember, don't lift your pencil when forming the pattern.

Focus on keeping the movement smooth and flowing.

Pause the video while you create your patterns.

How did you get on with your patterns? Did you use your tripod grip? Did you keep your pencil on the page? Was your movement smooth? I hope so.

Hope you enjoyed them too.

And now it's onto the fourth join: wl and ok.

And let's remind ourselves about what cursive writing is and the joins that we know so far.

Cursive handwriting involves joining letters together without lifting your pencil.

So that's what the word cursive means.

So cursive handwriting is the special kind of handwriting where we're keeping our pencil on the page when we join our letters.

And how the letters are connected together depends upon which letter is joining to which letter.

Cursive letter joins refer to how the letters connect together, so the actual particular join.

Learning the letter joins will improve your cursive handwriting skills, allowing for a smooth flow of handwriting.

Let me tell you, it feels good when you get the hang of this.

So it's really worth us putting in a little bit of time and effort to improve our cursive handwriting skills.

Have a look here.

We can see the first join that we've learned.

It's shown here below in all of these letters.

Do you notice where the join is beginning and where it's going to? Yep.

Hopefully you've got it.

And just in case you haven't, here's Aisha with a helpful reminder.

What are you saying, Aisha? Aha, I see, "The first join is from the baseline to the x-height line," like this.

Thank you, Aisha, for that really great reminder.

Next up, is the second join.

Hmm, what about this one? Where does the join begin? Where is it going up to? Do you need a reminder? Here's June.

Thank you, June.

"The second join is from the baseline to above the x-height line, towards the ascender line." So we have some more keywords here.

So the x-height line is that dotted line that you can see.

And x-height letters such as the c and the i go up as high as the x-height line.

And the second join is going above the X-height line is going up towards the ascender line, another one of our keywords.

The ascender line is the highest line, the top line that we can see on these sets of tramlines and letters with ascenders or most of them reach up as high as the ascender line.

Thank you, June.

And there's our second join.

Next up, is the third join.

And we've been learning about this join too.

Have a look at this one.

Hmm.

Where is it going from? And two, do you need a reminder? Here's Alex.

Thank you, Alex, for sharing with us that.

"The third join is from the x-height line to the x-height line." Do you remember what this one does? It just dips below the x-height line and comes back up again like this.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct second join.

Which of these chs is join correctly? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the first one.

The c is going from.

The join is going from the baseline all the way up above the x-height line to the ascender line.

Let's look closely at some examples of our fourth join.

Hmm.

Have a look at this wl and ok.

What do you notice about the join? I wonder what do you see? What do you notice? Tell someone nearby and pause the video.

Okay.

Did you spot the lead in, the w, the l? They each have a lead in.

Did you spot the lead out? Good noticing.

Hmm.

What else is there first to notice? Did you notice that all of the letters have a lead in and a lead out? More keywords here.

So let's talk about these.

So a lead in is the line that takes us into the letter.

So it leads us in literally to that letter.

And lead out does the opposite.

It takes us out of the letter.

And lead ins and lead outs, they connect together and that's what the join is.

When a lead out and a lead in come together, it's like they're holding hands, they're friends.

And then that's what makes the join.

The first letter has a lead in from the baseline.

And a join starts at the x-height line and it reaches up to the ascender line.

The last letter has a lead out on the baseline.

Here's Izzy.

Oh, thank you, Izzy, for telling us that the fourth join goes from the x-height line up towards the ascender line.

Oh, that's really helpful.

And here are some arrows.

Great.

Thanks a lot, Izzy.

Really making it so clear and helpful for us.

There's our fourth join.

Okay, it's time for us to form these joins in the air.

I will go first and then it's your turn.

So first of all, I'm gonna make the wl join.

I'm gonna keep my movements smooth and flowing.

I'm gonna enjoy it.

I'm gonna go for it.

Are you ready? Here I am at the baseline.

I'm gonna make my lead in to w.

I'm gonna form my w.

And then to join, I am going to, from that lead out, I'm gonna dip down and then go all the way up to the ascender line and then form my l, lead out at the end.

Let me show you one more time.

Lead in, form my w, and then to join, I'm gonna dip down just a little bit and then go all the way up to the ascender line, form my l, lead out.

Okay, it's your turn, wl.

Let's go lead in, form the w.

And then to join, we'll just dip down a tiny bit and then go up from the x-height line to the ascender line, form the l, lead out.

One more, lead in w.

Here comes our join.

Tiny dip down and then up to the ascender line, lead out.

Oh yes, those look very good.

Now, it's my turn for ok.

Okay, let's do it.

Lead in, form the o anti-clockwise, and then from here I'm gonna make my join.

So I'm gonna keep going with my lead out and I'm gonna go up to the ascender line.

Then I'm gonna form my k and I'll finish with a lead out.

All right, are you ready for your turn? Okay, let's do it.

Lead in, form the o anti-clockwise.

Here we go.

Here's our join.

So from that lead out, we're gonna go up to the ascender line.

We're gonna form our k, lead out.

Let's do one more.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the o, and here's our join.

We'll go from the x-height line up to the ascender line.

Form the k, lead out.

Oh yes, okay, a ok.

These are great, great joins.

I'm going to show you how to form the fourth join: wl.

I'm sitting comfortably.

I'm holding my pen in the tripod grip and I'm going to say to myself, "Ready, line, go." And I'll start at the baseline with my lead in to the w, uniform my w.

And then I'm going to keep my pencil in the dip down of the lead out.

And I'm gonna go up to the ascender line to form my l.

And then I'll finish with a lead out.

Let's try that again.

I'll say, "Ready, line, go." Start at the baseline, form my lead in to the w, and then I'll keep my pen on the dip down of the lead out.

And I'll go up to the ascender line, form the l down to the baseline, lead out.

One more lead in.

Form my w.

Keep on that.

Dip down of the lead out.

Go up to the ascender line, down to the baseline, lead out.

I'm going to show you how to form the fourth join: ok.

I'm sitting comfortably and my pen is in the tripod grip.

And I'll say, "Ready, line, go." Put my pen at the baseline and begin with my lead in.

Form the letter o, going anti-clockwise, and then to join, I'm gonna keep my pen on the lead out.

And I'm gonna go up to the ascender line.

Then I'll form my letter k and I'll finish with a lead out.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the letter o.

And from here, I'll keep my pen on the lead out.

Go up to the ascender line, form the letter k, finish with the lead out.

One more.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the o anti-clockwise.

And to join or keep my lead in going all the way up to the ascender line, form the letter k, finish with the lead out.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct join.

Which of these wls is joined correctly and which ones are the ones we should be ignoring? I'm going to let you decide which is which.

Pause the video here.

Well done if you selected the wl at the end.

This one has got a lead into the w.

And there's that join from the w is dipping down ever so slightly, and then going all the way up to the ascender line.

And then we've got a nice lead out from the l.

And how about here? Select the correct join between the o and the k.

Which ok is okay? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the first one, we have the lead in to the o and there's our join going from the o and it's taking us up to the ascender line and lovely lead out at the end of the k.

For your task, I'd like you to practise the fourth join: wl.

First, go over the grey examples.

Next, try using the starting dot.

And finally complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

After that, practise the fourth join: ok.

Go over the grey examples.

Try using the starting dot.

And then complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

Enjoy every wl, enjoy every ok, and I'll see you when you're finished.

Pause the video here.

Okay, we are back together again.

How did you get on with these joins? Did you join from the x-height line to the ascender line? Did you remember to finish with a lead out? Was your movement smooth? Did it flow? Did you enjoy it? Circle your best one and celebrate.

And now it's time to look at fourth join: rt and rl.

Here they are.

Here they are appeared on our screen.

Look closely at them.

Look at these examples of the fourth join.

What do you notice? What do you see? Pause the video and tell someone nearby.

Did you notice the lead in to each of the rs? Did you notice the lead out from the t and the l.

Cross at the top of the t.

Hope you spotted all of those things.

What else can we notice about how these letters are joined? Well, all the letters have a lead in and all the letters have a lead out.

The first letter has a lead in from the baseline.

And the join for rt starts at the x-height line and reaches up to between the x-height line and the ascender line.

That's a special thing about the letter t.

Do you remember that? It's a letter.

It has an ascender, but it doesn't ascend all the way to the ascender line.

It's midway between the ascender line and the x-height line.

While the join for rl starts at the x-height line and reaches up to the ascender line, the last letter has a lead out on the baseline.

Here's Izzy.

Thank you, Izzy, for giving us this help reminder.

"The fourth join goes from the x-height line up towards the ascender line for most letters and to almost the ascender line for the join to the t." Like so.

That's very helpful and clear.

Thank you, Izzy.

Okay.

I'm going to have a go at forming the joins rt and rl in the air using my finger.

I'll go first then it will be your turn.

Here we go.

I'm gonna concentrate on being smooth and flowing, and enjoying it.

Here I go.

I'm gonna lead into my r, form my letter r.

And then to join, I'm gonna go from that lead out dip down just a little and then go up to halfway between the ascender line and the x-height line.

Form my t, lead out, cross the t.

Let me show you one more time.

Lead in, form my letter r.

And then to join, I'm gonna go from that lead out, just tiny dip down and then up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line, form my t with the lead out, and a cross.

It's your turn.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the letter r, little dip down, and then up to between the ascender line and the x-height line, form your t, lead out, cross.

One more, lead in, form the r, dip down, go up to the midpoint between those two lines, lead out, cross.

Job done.

Looking good.

Let's go for the rl now.

I'm first.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, and forming my r, and dip down over so slightly, and then there's my join going all the way up this time to the ascender line and down for my l, lead out.

Oh, that felt really nice.

I'm gonna have to do one more all for myself.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, there's the r.

Here comes my join.

And I'm going up to the ascender line all the way down, lead out.

It's your turn.

Ready, line, go.

Form the r.

Here's our join.

Just step down slightly and then up to the ascender line, lead out.

One more.

Lead in, form the r.

Here comes our join from the x-height line up to the ascender line.

There's a l, lead out.

Oh yes, they're looking very fine.

I'm going to show you how to form the fourth join: rt.

I'm sitting comfortably holding my pen in the tripod grip and I'm gonna say to myself, "Ready, line, go." Put my pen on the baseline and begin with my lead in to the r or form my letter r.

And then to join, I'll keep my pen on the dip down of the lead out, and then I'll go up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line, form my t, lead out, cross the t.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the r, dip down, and then go up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line, form a t, lead out, cross the t.

One more.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, this my r, dip down, cross the t.

I'm going to show you how to form the fourth join: rl.

I'm sitting comfortably holding my pen in the tripod grip.

I'll say to myself, "Ready, line, go." Begin on the baseline with my lead in, form my letter r.

And then to lead out, to join I'll go from that lead out, dip down, go all the way up to the ascender line, form my l, finish with a lead out.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the r, and then to join, I'll keep going from that dip down from the r.

Go up to the ascender line, form the l, lead out.

One more.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form my r, to join I'll keep going from that dip down from the r, go up to the ascender line down to the baseline, lead out.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct join.

Which of these rts is joined correctly? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the first one.

We have got the lead in to the r.

We've got that join from the r, dipping down ever so slightly, and then up to that midway point between the ascender line and the x-height line, and a lovely lead out.

Select the correct join between the r and the l.

Pause the video while you decide which one it is.

Well done if you selected the one in the middle, we've got the lead in to the r and there's our join coming from the x-height line up to the ascender line for the l and a nice lead out.

For your task.

I'd like you to practise the fourth join: rt.

First of all, go over the grey examples.

Next, try using the starting dot and finally complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

After that, I'd like you to practise the fourth join: rl.

Go over the grey examples, try using the starting dot, and then complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

Enjoy all these joins.

Enjoy the lead ins, the lead outs, and the flow and the smoothness.

And I'll see you when you're finished.

Pause the video here.

All right.

It's good to be back together again.

So I've got some questions for you.

Did you join from the x-height line to the ascender line for the join of rl? And did you join from the x-height line to between the ascender line and the x-height line for the join rt? Did you keep your pencil on the page for the join? Was it smooth? Was it flowing? Did you enjoy it? I hope so.

Circle your best join and celebrate.

In our lesson, the fourth join: wl, ok, rt and rl with lead in, we have covered the following.

Cursive letter joins refer to how the letters connect together.

The letters all have a lead in and a lead out.

The fourth join goes from the x-height line up towards the ascender line.

The joins wl, ok and rl all reach the ascender line.

The join rt, reaches to between the x-height line and the ascender line.

You do not lift your pencil when forming the join.

It was great to spend time with you today.

Thank you for joining in with this lesson and for giving it your best and really going for it with this fourth join.

And I'm really looking forward to seeing you for some more handwriting at the next lesson.

Bye for now.