Hello, everyone.

My name is Ms. Afzal, and I'm really thrilled to be here with you because we are going to be practising one of my very favourite things, and that is handwriting.

So we are gonna get into it.

We're gonna have a go at some practising some letters and some patterns.

We're gonna do some warmups.

It's gonna be a great time we have, and I hope you're ready.

I hope you're excited too.

Let's get started.

The outcome for today's lesson is I can correctly form the second join with a lead in and a lead out.

This is pretty exciting stuff, getting into the second join.

I'm really up for it.

I hope you are too.

Our lesson today has a number of keywords.

Let's look out for them.

Let's listen out for them.

My turn, your turn.

Cursive, lead in, lead out, baseline, ascender line.

Those are our keywords for today's lesson.

The lesson today, the second join: ch and ck with lead in has three parts to it.

We'll begin with our handwriting warmup.

Next, we'll move on to the second join: ch, and then the second joint: ck.

But first, warmups, and why are they so important? Before starting to write, it is important to warm up your hand and your wrist muscles.

That's because your hands and your wrists get stronger when you exercise them.

Warming up your hands before writing will help to improve your handwriting.

We are going to start our handwriting warmups with a really, really fun warmup.

This one is piano playing.

And this is so much fun because we get to exercise our hands and we get to imagine a really fun tune in our head.

So I'm going to go first and then it will be your turn.

I'm getting my fingers in position on top of my imaginary piano, and I am going to start pressing each of these keys on the keyboard by moving my fingers and pressing them down, stretching my fingers, moving along the keyboard, making a lovely tune.

Oh my goodness, this sounds great.

I'm enjoying hearing this in my mind.

Wonderful.

And now it's your turn.

Get your hands ready.

Get your fingers in position on just above the keys on your piano keyboard and let's go.

Let's start playing our tune.

So you are pressing your fingers down on the imaginary piano keyboard.

You are stretching out your fingers 'cause you need to go and to reach some of those notes that are a little bit further away.

Oh, how's your tune sounding? Are you enjoying it? I can hear all of these lovely imaginary tunes.

What a great, great sound.

What a great stretch of our fingers.

Well done, everyone.

Next, we're going to have a go at the clapping position.

So for this, we're going to bring our hands together as if we were clapping.

And I'll have a go first and then it will be your turn.

And I'm gonna press all of my fingers into each other.

So fingers from this hand, I'm pressing into the fingers from this hand and my palms, the centre of your hand.

Those the palms are pressing against each other as well.

It's a really, really nice way for us to get our hands and our wrists as well ready for handwriting.

It feels really nice.

It's your turn.

Get your hands ready as if you're going to clap.

You'll deserve a clap after this.

And let's press them together.

Pressing together each of your fingers, pressing together your thumbs, pressing the palms of your hands together.

Your wrists are getting a nice little stretch here as well.

Doesn't this feel great? Oh, lovely.

And relax.

All done.

Practising writing patterns helps us to prepare for writing and joining letters.

We can do up and down patterns, zigzags, loops.

So many amazing patterns.

Check for understanding.

True or false? Exercising your hands makes them weaker.

Pause the video while you decide.

That is false.

It's not true at all.

Exercising your hands, in fact, it makes them stronger, not weaker.

For your task, I'd like to copy and continue these patterns using your tripod grip.

So first of all, we can do this pattern of going up, across and down, across and up, across and down, and then we can do a lovely looping pattern.

Pause the video while you have a go at these patterns, and remember to keep your pencil on the page.

Don't lift your pencil when you're forming the pattern.

This will keep your movement smooth and flowing.

Welcome back.

How did you get on with copying and continuing these patterns? Did you use your tripod grip for each one? Did you keep your pencil on a page each time? Was your movement smooth and flowing? I hope so.

And now, let's move on to looking at the second join between the letters c and h.

Let's have a reminder of our example journey from print to cursive.

So we begin on the left with the print formation.

These letters have no lead in, no lead out.

They're just each sitting separately by themselves, not connected in any way, except for, of course, they're part of the same word.

In the middle here, we have pre-cursive formation.

Pre means before, so this means before cursive.

And these letters have a lead in and a lead out.

And on the right, we have cursive formation.

And here, the letters are joined.

Each letter has a lead in and then lead out, joins to the next letter.

And this is what we call cursive formation, or joined-up handwriting.

And here we can see some examples of joined-up handwriting.

Cursive handwriting involves joining letters together without lifting your pencil.

How the letters are connected depends on which letter is joining to which letter.

Cursive letter joins refer to how the letters connect together.

And learning letter joins will improve your cursive handwriting skills, allowing for a smooth flow of handwriting.

The first join we learned is shown below.

And here's Aisha to remind us that the first join is from the baseline to the x-height letter.

Oh, thanks, Aisha, for that reminder.

Yeah, we can see it there really clearly.

From the baseline to the x-height line, that's the first join.

Check for understanding.

The first join is from the baseline to the descender line, to the x-height line, or to the ascender line? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected B, to the x-height line.

That is where the first join reaches up until.

It goes from the baseline up to the x-height line.

Let's look closely at examples of our second join.

What do you notice? What do you see? Pause the video and tell someone nearby.

Well done if you noticed a lead in to the c here, and the h has got a lead out.

Hm, what else is there to notice? All of the letters here have a lead in and they all have a lead out.

The first letter has a lead in from the baseline.

The join starts at the baseline.

So the baseline is the line that we can see in green, and most letters sit upon the baseline.

And the join starts at the baseline and it goes all the way up to the ascender line.

Now the many letters sit between the baseline and the x-height line.

The x-height line is the dotted line.

And then all the way up at the top there, we have the ascender line.

So letters that have, many letters that have ascenders, they reach up to the ascender line.

You don't lift your pencil when forming the join.

And the last letter, the h here has a lead out.

Thanks, June, for that reminder there.

The second join is from the baseline to the ascender line.

So this is quite a lengthy join.

So we're going all the way from the baseline, up to the ascender line, and then we form our next letter.

Okay, it's time for us to have a go at forming the join between the c and the h in the air.

So we're going to be forming the second join here.

This is exciting to have a go and put this into action.

And remember, we're gonna refocus on keeping our movements slow, flowing, and smooth.

Okay, I'm going to begin.

First of all, I'm gonna go, and then it'll be your turn.

So I'm going to begin at the baseline, and I'm gonna start with my lead in to letter c.

I'll form the letter c.

And then to join, I'm gonna move from my lead out.

I'm gonna keep going all the way up to the ascender line.

Then I'll come down to the baseline, forming my letter h, and finish with a lead out.

Let me show you one more time.

I'll start with a lead in to the c, form the letter c.

And then to join, I'm gonna keep my pencil on the lead out all the way up to the ascender line.

Then I'm going to form my letter h and finish with the lead out.

All right, it is your turn.

Are you ready to make the ch and that lovely join in between the second join? Let's go.

Lead in, form the letter c, and then keep your pencil going from that lead out from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

Great join.

Form letter h, finish with the lead out.

Let's do one more.

Lead in to the c, form the letter c, and then keep going with that join from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line, form the letter h, finish with the lead out.

Those are looking great.

Really well done, everybody.

I'm going to show you how to form the second join between letter c and h.

I'm sitting comfortably and I'm holding my pen in the tripod grip.

I'm going to say to myself, "Ready, line, go." And I'll start with a lead in, form my letter c, form the letter c.

And then from here, to join, I'm gonna keep going from that lead out, all the way up to the ascender line.

Then I'm going to form the h, and I'm gonna finish with a lead out.

Let's write out again.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in to the letter c, form my c.

And then to join, I'm gonna keep going with that lead out all the way up to the ascender line, down again for the base to the baseline for the h, and I'll finish with a lead out.

Let's try that one more time.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the letter c.

To join, I'll keep going with that lead out all the way up to the ascender line.

Form the letter h, finish with the lead out.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct join.

Which of these chs is joined correctly? Two of them are there as distractions, but one is the real deal.

Which one is it? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected that first ch.

It has got the lead in.

It has got the join going, can you remember from where? From the baseline, all the way up to the ascender line, and the h has a lovely lead out.

For your task, I would like you to practise the second join between the c and the h.

First of all, go over the grey examples.

Next, try using the starting dot.

And finally, complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

Enjoy everyone, enjoy the smoothness, the flow, and I'll see you when you're finished.

Pause the video here.

Welcome back.

How did you get on with the second join? I'm really curious.

Did you join from a baseline all the way up to the assembly line? Did you keep your pencil on the page for the join? Were your movements smooth and flowing? I really hope so.

Circle your best join and celebrate.

And now, it's time for us to focus on the second join.

This time, between letters c and k.

Are you ready? They're about to appear.

Here they are.

So let's look closely at this example of our second join.

What do you notice? What can you see? Tell the person next to you.

Pause the video here.

Well done if you notice the lead in.

There is a lead in to that c.

How about how did we finish this k? Yes, you got it with a lead out.

Well done for spotting that.

Hm, what else do you notice about how these letters are joined? All the letters have a lead in and they have a lead out, and the first letter has a lead in on a baseline.

The join starts at the baseline, and it goes all the way up to the ascender line.

And we don't lift our pencil when forming this join.

The last letter has a lead out.

And it's always helpful to have a reminder, here's, June.

Thanks, June, for reminding us.

The second join is from the baseline to the ascender line.

Yes, that's it.

You've got it, June.

Thank you.

And now it's time for us to form the join.

The second join between the c and k in the air.

I'm going to go, first of all, I'm gonna use my finger to have a go at this join.

I'm gonna keep my movements flowing and smooth.

Afterwards, it will be your turn.

Okay, I'm gonna start the baseline and I'm gonna start with my lead in, form my letter c.

And then to join, I'm gonna go from that lead out all the way up to the ascender line.

That's the second join.

I'm going to form my k, I like that loop and the little line out to the side, and then a lead out.

Let me show you one more time.

Lead into the c, form my letter c.

And then to join, I'm gonna go from a baseline all the way up to the ascender line, form my letter k, finish with a lead out.

Okay, are you ready? It's your turn.

Let's go.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in to the c, form the letter c, and then all the way from the baseline to the ascender line.

That's our join.

Form the letter k, and flick upwards for the lead out.

One more time.

Ready? Form the letter c.

Well, sorry.

Let's start with our lead in, form the letter c, and then keep flowing that movement from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

That's our join.

Then we form the letter k, that nice loop, diagonal line, and a flick upwards for the join of the lead out.

Well done, everyone.

Those cks look great.

I'm going to show you how to form second join between letter c and k.

I'm sitting comfortably, I'm holding my pen in the tripod grip, and I'm gonna say to myself, "Ready, line, go." As I begin with my lead in at the baseline, I'll form my letter c.

And then to join, I'll keep my pen on the page from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

I'm going to form the k, my loop, diagonal line.

Now, finish with a lead out.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, form the c.

To join, keep my pen going from that lead out from the baseline up to the ascender line, form the letter k, finish with a lead out.

Let's try that one more time.

Ready, line, go.

Lead in, c.

Keep going for that lead out to become the join, goes up to the ascender line, form the k, and finish with the lead out.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct join between the c and the k.

Two of these cks are really shouldn't be here at all, but one of them has got the correct join.

Which one is it? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the ck in the middle, it has got the lead in correctly formed.

It has got the join from the baseline all the way up to the x-height line.

That's our second join.

And then the k has a really nice lead out.

For your task, I'd like you to practise the second join between the c and the k.

First of all, go over the grey examples.

Next, try using the starting dot.

And finally, complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

Keep your movement smooth flowing.

Keep your pencil on the page while you form these two letters and I'll see you when you're finished.

Pause the video here.

Okay, we are back together again.

And I am super curious to find out how you got on.

Did you join from the baseline to the ascender line? Did you keep your pencil on the page for the join? And how was smooth was your movement? Did it flow? Was there some smoothness? I hope so.

And I want you to circle your best join and celebrate.

In our lesson, the second join: ch and ck would lead in, we have covered the following, cursive handwriting involves joining letters together, cursive letter joins refer to how the letters connect together, the letters all have a lead in and a lead out, the first join goes from the baseline to the x-height line, and the second join goes from the baseline to the ascender line, and you don't lift your pencil when forming the join.

That way, our motion is smooth and flowing.

Well, I hope you've had a smooth and flowing time in this lesson, especially when forming those joins.

And really, really well done for getting into the second join here today, and I'm really looking forward to seeing you on the next lesson.

Bye for now.