Hello everyone.

This is Ms. Afzal, here again to share some more handwriting with you.

I'm so excited to be here.

I hope you're feeling excited to, we're going to, as always, do our best.

We are as always going to have lots of fun.

Are you ready to begin? Let's get started.

The outcome for today's lesson is, I can correctly form the fourth join.

Here are the key words for our lesson today.

Let's go through them one at a time.

My turn.

Your turn.

Join, lead out, ascender line, x-height line, letter string.

Fantastic.

I heard those loud and clear.

Let's make sure we are looking out for those words.

Let's listen out for them.

Let's think about them.

Let's be curious about these keywords that are going to come up in our lesson today.

So here's what we're covering in our lesson: The fourth join: wl, oh and ot with no lead in.

We'll begin with handwriting warmups.

Next, we'll look at a fourth join: wl and oh, and we'll finish with the fourth: join ot.

Okay, let's begin with those really fun handwriting warmups.

And why are they important? Before starting to write it is important to warm up your hand and your wrist muscles.

Your hands and wrists get stronger when you exercise them.

So warming up your hands before writing will help to improve your handwriting.

Let's have a go at the finger pull warmup, first of all.

I'll have a go and then it will be your turn.

So I'm going to take my hand and with my other hand, I'm going to pull first on my thumb.

Then I'm going to pull each of my fingers and I'm gonna pull and I'm gonna squeeze at the same time.

It feels really good.

It feels like a lovely, nice kind of hand massage, really.

So I'm gonna do the other hand, pulling each of my fingers and squeezing as well.

It's your turn.

Are you ready? Take whichever hand you want to begin with.

I'm gonna start here actually.

And you can start with your thumb and you're just gonna pull and squeeze.

And then the next one, you are gonna do the same thing for each of your fingers.

It feels really great.

Let's have a go on the other hand, and we're just going to squeeze and we're gonna pull each of our fingers.

We are getting our hands and our fingers ready and strong for handwriting.

Yes, it feels great.

Next we're going to have a go at the rolling wrists warmup.

For this, I'm gonna take my hand, actually put it in the same position as I started last one.

And I'm going to imagine that my hand is going to be mixing something really, really delicious to eat.

So maybe you like yummy cakes.

You could be mixing some delicious cake mixture.

I really like soups.

I'm gonna be pretend I'm mixing my soup in the pan.

So just doing this movement here.

And what we're doing is we're rolling our wrist, so we're gonna go in one direction and then back in the other direction.

I'm going to do that with this hand now as well.

I am stirring my delicious soup.

What's in a soup? Mm, carrots.

Yummy.

What else is in there? Maybe some potato.

This taste good? And I'm going to roll in the other direction.

Okay, now it's your turn.

Choose which hand are you gonna begin with.

Choose, most important decision, what are you going to be mixing? Is it some yummy cookie mixture? Is it a delicious soup? What are you stirring? Just imagine it and rolling your wrist around like this.

Now let's go in the other direction.

Keep stirring.

Mm.

Keep smelling that delicious food that you're mixing and stirring.

And let's have a go with the other hand, one direction, stirring, mixing, smelling the delicious food and going around the other way.

We are making our wrists so strong for handwriting.

This is going to really, really help us.

Plus we get to imagine that lovely food.

Well done everybody.

You've done a wonderful, wonderful job.

Practising writing patterns helps us to prepare for writing and joining letters.

Look at these fantastic patterns that have appeared on our screen.

It's time to make some handwriting patterns in the air.

I'm going to go first and then it will be your turn.

Here we go.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down and up.

And I'm gonna go the other way.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down.

That felt pretty good.

It's your turn to join in.

Are you ready? Let's do this.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down, up.

Let's go the other way.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down.

Up, around and down.

Doesn't that feel great? And yes, they're looking fantastic.

Great job, everybody.

For your task, I'd like you to copy and continue these patterns using your tripod grip.

So there's the pattern we've just done, and there's a lovely looping pattern.

And remember, don't lift your pencil when forming the pattern.

Focus on keeping the movement smooth and flowing.

And most importantly, enjoy every movement that you make.

Pause the video here while you copy and continue these patterns.

Okay, it's good to be back with you.

And I'm wondering, how did you get on? I've got a few questions.

Did you use your tripod grip? Did you keep your pencil on the page? And was your movement smooth? I'm gonna sneak in one more.

Did you enjoy it? I hope so.

All right.

It's time for us to move on to the fourth join: wl and oh.

So let's just have a little recap about join, so we can see these letters here joined together.

So cursive handwriting involves joining letters together.

So joining is when we are connecting letters together, we're joining them together, and we keep our pencil on the page.

How letters are connected together depends on which letter is joining to which letter.

Cursive letter joins refer to how letters connect together.

So there's a few different cursive letter joins.

And learning these letter joins will improve your cursive handwriting skills, which will allow for a smooth flow of handwriting.

Believe me, it looks good.

It feels good.

It's really worth putting some time and effort into learning and practising your cursive letter joins.

So let's have a little recap.

The first join we learned is shown below.

Take a look at these joins here.

Mm.

Can you see which part is joining to which part? Where is that join going from and to? You want a little helping hand? Here's Aisha to remind us.

The first join is from the baseline to the x-height line, like so.

There we go.

Fantastic.

Thanks for reminding us of that, Aisha.

Next one.

The second join we learned is shown below.

Again, take a close look at all of these pairs of letters that are joined together.

Can you notice where the join is going from and to? Okay, I hope you've got it.

And here's a reminder from Jun.

The second join is from the baseline to above the x-height line towards the ascender line.

Fantastic.

Like so.

Oh, and it's interesting, can you see that some of these letters go all the way up to the ascender line? However, the letter t goes halfway in between the ascender line and the x-height line.

Next up, it's the third join.

So here's this third join that we've learned.

Mm, look closely at these, all of these pairs of letters.

Can you spot where the join is beginning and where it's ending? Where does it go from and to? Hope you got that.

And here we get a reminder from Alex.

The third join is from the x-height line to the x-height line like this.

Fantastic.

Thank you for helping us out with that one, Alex.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct third join.

Take a look at these joins.

Which one is the correct third join? Something fishy about a couple of them, but one of them is the correct one.

Pause a video and see if you can select the correct third join.

Well done if you selected that first one above the letter a.

It's going from the x-height line to the x-height line.

Fantastic look.

Alright, so now it's time for us to have a close look at an example of our fourth join.

Hmm.

Let's take a look at these two joins here.

What is it that you are noticing? What can you see? I'd like you to pause the video here and tell someone next to you everything you notice, everything you can see about these letters.

I'll see you when you've had that discussion.

Okay, what did you notice? What did you see? Let's find out.

Did you spot the lead out? So the l has got a lead out.

Do you know where it is? On the, yep, you got it.

On the baseline.

And the same with the h.

It's got a lead out on the? Baseline.

Fantastic.

What else? These two letters are joined together.

Okay.

And let's find out more about that join.

So what do you notice about how these letters are joined? The last letter, we talked about this one.

The last letter has a lead out.

Now a lead out, this is one of our keywords.

Let's think about this a little bit more.

So lead out is a special line that takes us out of the letter.

It does what it says.

It leads us out of the letter.

And what it actually does is it's what joins.

We go from that lead out, keep going from that lead out and that's what will become a join and take us into the next letter for our cursive handwriting.

The first letters have a starting point on the x-height line.

Oh yeah.

Yep.

You can see that for the w and the o.

What else have we noticed? The fourth join starts at the x-height line and it goes up towards the ascender line.

So let's remind ourselves about these two lines because these are some of our keywords, the x-height line and the ascender line.

So the x-height line is the line that x-height letters go up as high as.

For example, the w and the o, they go up as high as the x-height line.

And that's the dotted line that we can see on our set of tramlines And the ascender line, do you know which one that is? Yeah, well done.

It's the one right at the top, the top letter in our set of tramlines.

And that is where most letters with ascenders go up to.

They go up to the ascender line.

The letters l and h reach all the way up to the ascender line.

Yeah, fantastic point.

And you don't lift your pencil when forming the join.

So we go from, let's take a look at the at wl, we're going from that w, we form the w and then we keep going up to the ascender line and then we form it out and we don't lift our pencil off while forming that join.

Here's Izzy.

The fourth join goes from the x-height line up towards the ascender line like so.

Fantastic.

Thanks for really clearly showing us that, Izzy.

There's our fourth join.

Okay, it is time for us to form these joins in the air.

So I'm gonna go first, I'm gonna form the joins wl and oh, and it'll be your turn.

So I'm gonna begin at the, where does the w begin? Yep, you got it.

At the x-height line.

So I'm gonna start by forming my letter w and then to join, I'm gonna keep my pencil on the page from that lead out and I'm gonna head all the way up towards the? Yep, you got it.

The ascender line.

And then I'm gonna form my letter l, and I'll finish with a? Yep, you got it.

A lead out on the baseline.

Boom.

Done.

Let me show you one more time.

So start at the x-height line, form my w, and then here's my join.

To join, I go from the lead out.

Keep going all the way up to the ascender line, form my letter l.

Finish with the lead out on the baseline.

Okay.

It's your turn to form the join wl.

Let's begin at the x-height line.

Form our w.

And to join, we'll keep going from the lead out, all the way up towards the ascender line, formal letter l, finish with a lead out.

Let's do one more, w, here comes our join.

Keep your pencil on the page.

Go all the way up to the ascender line.

Form your l.

Finish with the lead out on the baseline.

Those wl's are looking mighty fine.

Well done everyone.

Now I'm going to have a go at forming oh.

I'm gonna start at the yep, at the x-height line.

Well done.

I'm gonna form my letter o, going in an anticlockwise direction.

Always like forming the letter o.

Why is that? I'm not sure.

It's fun.

And now to join, I'm gonna keep my pencil on the page and I'm gonna go up to the ascender line and I'm gonna form my letter h, finish with a lead out.

Let me try that one more time.

Here's the o.

Go anti-clockwise form my letter o.

And then to join, keep my pencil on the page.

And I'm gonna go up to the ascender line form my letter h, lead out on the baseline.

It's time for you to join in.

Ready line, go.

Here's the o, anticlockwise.

And to join, keep your pencil on the page.

Keep going up to the ascender line form your letter h and lead out at the baseline.

Let's do another one.

Here's our o.

And here's our join.

Touch the ascender line, form your h, lead out on the baseline.

Oh my goodness.

Those are looking wonderful.

Great, great job everybody.

I'm going to show you how to form the fourth join: wl.

I'm sitting comfortably.

My pen is in the tripod grip.

I'm going to say to myself, ready, line, go.

And I'll put my pencil, my pen at the x-height line and form the letter w.

And then to join, I'm gonna keep my pen on the lead out.

And I'm gonna head up to the ascender line.

Then I'll form my letter l and I'll finish with the lead out at the baseline.

Let's try that again.

Start at the x-height line, form my w.

And then to join, I'm gonna go from my lead out, keep my pen on the page, go up to the x-height line, form my l, finish with the lead out at the baseline.

And let's try one more.

Here's my w.

And to join, I keep my pen on the page and I go up to the ascender line.

I'll form my l, finish with a lead out at the baseline.

I'm going to show you how to form the fourth join: oh.

I'm sitting comfortably.

My pen is in the tripod grip and I'm going to say to myself, ready line, go and put my pen at the x-height line to form the letter o.

And I'm gonna go round in an anticlockwise direction.

And then to join, I'm gonna keep my pen going from the lead out all the way up to the ascender line.

Then I'm gonna form my letter h and I'll finish with a lead out at the baseline.

Let's try that again.

Start at the x-height line.

Go anti-clockwise to form my letter o.

And then to join, I'm gonna keep my pen on the page.

From that lead out, I'm gonna go up to the ascender line, form my letter h, and I'll finish with a lead out at the baseline.

Let's try one more, o joining up to the ascender line.

Joining to my h.

Here's the h, and there's the lead out.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct join.

Take a look at these three wl's.

Hmm, which one of them is formed correctly? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the wl in the middle.

Absolutely, that one has got the join going from the x-height line all the way up towards the ascender line.

And now I'd like you to select the correct join out of these three oh's.

Pause video while you decide which is formed correctly.

Well done.

If you selected the first one.

This has got the join going from the x-height line, all the way up to the ascender line.

And the h has a lovely lead out on the baseline.

For your task, I'd like you to practise the fourth join: wl.

First of all, go over the grey examples.

Next, try using the starting dot.

And finally, complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

After that, I'd like you to practise the fourth join: oh.

Go over the grey examples.

Next, try using the starting dot.

And finally complete two lines independently, flowingly, with fun, with care on your tramlines.

So pause video here while you get on with your task and I'll see you when you're finished.

It's good to see you again.

So how did you get on with that task? I got a few questions for you.

Did you start on the x-height line? Did you join from the x-height line to the ascender line? And did you keep your pencil on the page? I certainly hope so.

Circle your best join and celebrate.

Great job everybody.

And now it's time for us to look at the fourth join: ot.

Here it is.

Here's an example of our fourth join: ot.

Hmm, I'd like you to look very closely at it.

Take a look at it from every angle, from every side.

What can you see? What do you notice? Pause, video and tell someone nearby.

Okay, did you spot all of these things? What a lot is going on here.

So the t has a lead out at the baseline.

The t has a cross at the x-height line.

And what about the join? Did you notice that the t goes up to in between the ascender line and the x-height line? These two letters are joined together.

Let's find out more about this join.

Hmm.

So what did you notice? What do you notice about how these letters are joined? Did you notice these things? That o has a starting point on the x-height line.

The fourth join is from the x-height line up towards the ascender line.

When joining to the letter t, the join reaches to between the x-height line and the ascender line.

The lead out is at the baseline.

And the cross for the t is added when the letter string is complete.

And the letter string is when we have two or more letters that appear together.

Heres Izzy to remind us that the fourth join goes from the x-height line up towards the ascender line, like so.

Thank you, Izzy.

Makes it so nice and clear for us.

It's time to form these letters in the air.

I'm going to go first.

I'm gonna form the join ot in the air with my finger.

Afterwards it will your turn.

I'm gonna focus on keeping my movements smooth and flowing.

Okay.

I'm beginning at the x-height line with my o, my anticlockwise.

And then to join, I'm gonna keep my pencil on the page and I'm gonna go up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line.

I'll form my letter t.

There's a lead out.

And then I'll take my pencil off and cross the t at the x-height line.

I'll show you one more time.

Here's my letter o, form that by going anti-clockwise.

And then to join, I'm going from my lead out up to in between the ascender line and the x-height line, form my letter t, lead out, cross.

Okay, I think you are ready, aren't you? Yep.

Let's do it.

Let's do this together.

Ready, ot.

Here's the o.

And then to join, keep your pencil on the page.

After that lead out, let's go up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line.

Form your letter t, lead out at the baseline, cross at the x-height line.

Let's do one more.

We can't stop.

These are looking good.

Here's the o.

Here's our join from the x-height line up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line.

Here's the t.

Lead out the baseline, cross at the x-height line, ot, job done.

I'm going to show you how to form the fourth join ot.

I'm sitting comfortably.

My pen is in a tripod grip.

I'm gonna say to myself, ready, line, go.

And I'll put my pen at the x-height line and I'll form my letter o going around anticlockwise.

And then to join, I'm gonna keep my pen on the page from that lead out.

And I'm gonna go up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line.

Then I'm gonna form my t, finish you a lead out at the baseline and then cross that t at the x-height line.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Here's the o, anticlockwise.

And then here's my join, going from the x-height line up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line.

Form the letter t with a lead out there and a cross at the x-height line.

Let's try one more.

Here's the o.

Here comes the join going up to and between the x-height line, going up to towards the ascender line.

Form my t, lead out and a cross.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct join.

Take a look at these three ot's.

Hmm.

I'm not sure about two of them, but yeah, one of them is very, very nicely joined.

I'd like you to select the correct join.

Pause the video while you decide which one it is.

Well done.

If you selected the join above the c, this has got the join going from the x-height line up to in between the ascender line and the x-height line and the a has a cross at the x-height line.

For your task, I'd like you to practise the fourth join: ot.

First of all, go over the grey examples.

Next, try using the starting dot.

And finally complete two lines independently on your tramlines.

Pause the video while you have a go at this task and keep your movement smooth and flowing, and enjoy every ot.

I'll see you when you're finished.

It's good to see you again.

How did you get on with forming the join: ot? Did you use the correct starting point? And did you join from the x-height line to in between the x-height line and the ascender line? Did you add the cross for the letter t at the end of the letter string? Circle your best join and celebrate.

In our lesson, the fourth join: wl, oh, and ot with no lead in, we covered the following: Cursive letter joins refer to how the letters connect together.

The first letters all have a starting point on the x-height line.

The fourth join starts at the x-height line and reaches up towards the ascender line.

The letters l and h both reach up to the ascender line.

Letter t reaches to between the x-height line and the ascender line.

You do not lift your pencil when forming the join.

And the cross for the letter t is added once the letter string is complete.

Thank you so much for joining in with this lesson.

I love the way you formed these joins.

I loved how you got really into it, and really focused, and really enthusiastic, and I can't wait to see you for the next lesson.

Bye for now.