Hello everyone.

This is Ms. Afzal here again to share some more handwriting with you.

I'm so excited to be here.

I hope you're feeling excited too.

We're going to, as always, do our best.

We are as always going to have lots of fun.

Are you ready to begin? Let's get started.

The outcome for today's lesson is I can correctly form the second join.

Here are the keywords that will appear in our lesson today.

Let's go through them one at a time, my turn, your turn.

Join.

Starting point.

Lead out.

Baseline.

Ascender line.

Fantastic job.

I heard those loud and clear, and we're gonna be exploring those words in our lesson today.

So our lesson today, the second join, il, it, ik and ul with no lead in has three parts to it.

We'll begin with some fun handwriting warm ups.

Next, we'll look at the second join il and it, and finally, we'll look at the second join ik and ul.

But first of all, handwriting warmups.

Why do we do them? Well, before starting to write, it's important to warm up your hand and your wrist muscles, because your hands and your wrists get stronger when you exercise them.

Warming up your hands before writing will help to improve your handwriting.

Let's have a go at the finger pull warmup first of all.

I'll have a go and then it will be your turn.

So I'm going to take my hand, and with my other hand, I'm going to pull first of all my thumb, then I'm going to pull each of my fingers, and I'm gonna pull and I'm gonna squeeze at the same time.

It feels really good.

It feels like a lovely, nice kind of hand massage, really.

So I'm gonna do the other hand, pulling each of my fingers and squeezing as well.

It's your turn.

Are you ready? Take whichever hand you want to begin with.

I'm gonna start here actually.

And you can start with your thumb, and you're just gonna pull and squeeze.

And then the next one, you are gonna do the same thing for each of your fingers.

It feels really great.

Let's have a go on the other hand, and we're just going to squeeze and we're gonna pull each of our fingers.

We are getting our hands and our fingers ready and strong for handwriting.

Yes, it feels great.

Next, we're going to have a go at the rolling wrists warmup.

For this, I'm gonna take my hand, actually put it in the same position as I started the last one, and I'm going to imagine that my hand is going to be mixing something really, really delicious to eat.

So maybe you like yummy cakes, you could be mixing some delicious cake mixture.

I really like soups.

I'm gonna pretend I'm mixing my soup in the pan.

So just doing this movement here, and what we're doing is we're rolling our wrist.

So we're gonna go one direction, and then back in the other direction.

I'm going to do that with this hand now as well.

I am stirring my delicious soup.

What's in a soup? Mm, carrots, yummy.

What else is in there? Maybe some potato.

This tastes good.

And I'm going to roll in the other direction.

Okay, now it's your turn.

Choose which hand that you're gonna begin with.

Choose, most important decision, what are you going to be mixing? Is it some yummy cookie mixture? Is it a delicious soup? What are you staring? Just imagine it, and rolling your wrist around like this.

Now let's go in the other direction.

Keep stirring.

Mm, keep smelling that delicious food that you're mixing and stirring.

And let's have a go with the other hand.

One direction, stirring, mixing, smelling the delicious food, and going around the other way.

We are making our wrists so strong for handwriting.

This is going to really, really help us, plus we get to imagine that lovely food.

Well done everybody.

You've done a wonderful, wonderful job.

Practising writing patterns helps us to prepare for writing and joining letters.

Look at these fantastic patterns that you can see on the screen.

Lets have a go at making some patterns.

We'll go my turn and then your turn.

I'm going to have a go at making this pattern in the air using my finger, then after that it will be your turn.

So here I go.

Gonna make a tall line, and small line, and even taller line, and a small line, and an even taller line, and small line.

Let's go backwards.

Tall line, small line, tall line, small line, tall line and down.

Okay, it's your turn.

Are you ready? Let's go.

Make a tall line, a small line, an even taller line, a small line, a really tall line and back down.

Let's go backwards.

Small line, tall line, small line, tall line.

Finish.

Love it.

Well done everybody.

For your task, I'd like you do copy and continue these patterns using your tripod grip.

Remember, don't lift your pencil when forming the pattern.

Focus on keeping the movement smooth and flowing.

Pause the video here while you have a go at these patterns.

Okay, it's good to see you again.

How did you get on? Did you use your tripod grip? Did you keep your pencil on the page? Was your movement smooth and flowing? I really hope so.

And now it's time for us to look at our second join, il and it.

Print and cursive are the most common forms of handwriting.

Print is when each letter is formed separately.

So have a look at these three letters in the word cat.

As you can see, they're totally separate.

They're not touching each other at all.

They're not joined in any way.

This is called print.

Cursive is also known as joined up handwriting, and we can see the word joined there, and joined is one of our keywords.

So if you join, it means you connect.

It means you link something together, if you join something.

And with joined up handwriting, we're joining the letters together, and this is done in a nice flowing manner.

And can you see there in the word cat at the bottom, we can see that the c is joined to the a, and the a is joined to the t.

So they're all joined together.

Here are some more examples of some cursive writing.

Cursive handwriting involves joining letters together without lifting your pencil.

So keep the pencil on the page as you make these joins.

How the letters are connected together depends on which letter is joining to which letter.

Cursive letter joins refer to how letters connect together.

Learning letter joins will improve your cursive handwriting skills, allowing for a smooth flow of handwriting.

It's gonna look good, it's gonna feel good, you're gonna love it.

The first join we learnt is shown below.

So have a look at these letters and how they're joined together.

Can you notice the first join, how each first letter is joined to the second letter? Do you want a little reminder? Here's Aisha.

"The first join is from the baseline to the x-height line." Thank you, Aisha.

That's very helpful.

And there's one of our keywords, the baseline.

So in these images, you can see the line in green, that is the baseline.

It's the line that most of the letters sit on.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct first join.

We have got three examples here of joins.

Which one is the correct first join? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the first one of these joins.

That a is going from the baseline, the join is going from the baseline up to the x-height line to join to the c.

And now let's look closely at some examples of our second join.

Hmm, what do you notice? What do you see about the way that these letters are joined together? Pause the video and tell someone nearby.

Okay, did you notice things like the i has got a dot at the top, the t has got a cross at the x-height line, and both the l and the t have got a lead out.

So lead out, that's another one at our keyword.

So lead out is a special line that takes us out of a letter, so it leads us out of the letter.

So we don't just finish the letter with letter ordinarily finishes.

We have this extra little line to help lead us out.

And what the lead out does, in fact, it's the thing that joins to the next letter.

So it's really helpful to have a lead out.

We can see that these two letters are joined together.

Let's find out more about that join.

So what did you notice about how these letters are joined? Did you notice that the last letter has a lead out? The first letter's starting point is on the x-height line.

So starting point means where you begin the letter, where you start, the actual point, the place at which you start making, forming that letter.

The second drawing starts at the baseline, and it goes up to the ascender line for the letter l.

Another of our keywords here is ascender line.

So the ascender line is the line, the highest line out of all of the lines here on our tram lines.

And letters with ascenders, or most letters with ascenders reach up to the ascender line, or at least they go towards the ascender line.

The second join starts at the baseline, and goes up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line for the letter t.

So the letter t has an ascender, but it doesn't reach all the way up to the ascender line.

Kind of halfway in between the ascender line and the x-height line.

And you don't lift your pencil when forming the join.

And a join, as we said before, is how the letters link together.

And here's Jun with a helpful reminder for us.

"The second join is from the baseline to the ascender line.

For the letter t, it reaches to in between the x-height line and the ascender line," like so.

Thank you, Jun.

Okay, let's have a go at forming these joins, il and it.

I'm going to go first and then it will be your turn.

So I am going to begin at the x-height line, and I'm going to form my letter i, but I'm not gonna do the dot just yet at the top, that will come at the end.

And now to join, I'm gonna go from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line for my l.

And then I'm gonna come back down to the baseline, finish with a lead out.

Take my pencil off and dot the i.

Oh yes, that's looking good, il.

I'll show you one more time.

Start at the x-height line for my i.

From the baseline to join, I'm gonna go all the way up to the ascender line, and lead out, dot the i.

Okay, it's your turn.

Ready, line, go.

Begin at the x-height line, form your i.

And then from the baseline, we're gonna join, gonna go all the way up to the ascender line.

And then we'll form our l, lead out, dot the i.

Let's do one more.

X-height line form, the i, and then to join, baseline up to the ascender line, all the way back down.

Lead out, dot the i.

Oh yes.

Job done.

Looking great.

Now I'm going to have a go at it.

I will begin same place at the x-height line.

I'm gonna form my i.

No dot yet, do you remember that will come at the end.

And here's my join from the baseline up to this time I go in between the x-height line and the ascender line, form my letter t, lead out, dot the i, cross the t.

Your turn.

Are you ready? Start at the x-height line, form the i.

Here's your join from the baseline up to the starting point of the t.

In between the x-height and the ascender line.

Form your t.

Lead out, dot the i, cross the t.

Let's do one more.

Form the i, here's your join, up to our starting point for the t.

Form the t, lead out, dot, cross.

Oh yes, it is looking great.

I'm going to show you how to form the second join, il.

I'm sitting comfortably.

My pen is in the tripod grip.

I'm going to say to myself, ready, line, go.

And I'll put my pencil, my pen at the x-height line and begin to form the letter i, without the dot.

And then to join, I'm gonna go from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line and form the letter l.

And then I'll finish with the lead out at the baseline, and then I'll go back to dot the i.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Begin at the x-height line.

There's the i.

Here's my join.

Going all the way from the baseline up to the ascender line.

Come back down to the baseline, lead out, dot the i.

One more.

Here's the i.

Here's the join up to the ascender line, all the way back down to the baseline, lead out, dot the i.

I'm gonna show you how to form the second join, it.

I'm sitting comfortably.

My pen is in the tripod grip.

I'll say to myself, ready, line, go, and I'll put my pen at the x-height line to begin the i.

I'll come down to the baseline, and to join, I'll go from the baseline up to in between the x-height line and the ascender line for the t.

Form my t, finish with the lead out, and then dot the i and cross the t.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Here's the i, here's my join from the baseline to the starting point for the t.

Come down, lead out.

Dot the i, cross the t.

One more.

Here's the i, here's my join from the baseline up to in between those two lines.

Here's the t.

Lead out, dot the i, cross the t.

Check for understanding, Select the correct join, il.

Pause the video while you decide which of these is joined correctly.

Well done if you selected the one in the middle.

That has got the join, the second join going correctly from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

Select the correct join between the i and the t.

Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the first one.

This has got the join going correctly from the baseline up to the starting point of the t, which is in between the x-height line and the ascender line, and we've got the cross on the t and dot on the i.

For your task, I'd like you to practise the second join il.

Firstly, go over the grey examples, then try using the starting dot, and finally complete two lines independently on your tram lines.

After that, I'd like you to practise the second join, it, go over the grey examples, try using the starting dot, and complete two lines independently, enthusiastically, with focus, on your tram lines.

Pause the video while you get on with your task, and I'll see you when you're finished.

And here we are back together again.

How did it go? I'm very interested to hear.

Did you start at the x-height line? Did you join from the baseline to the ascender line for the letter l, and from the baseline to in between the x-height line and the ascender line for the letter t? Did you enjoy them all? Circle your best join and celebrate.

And that's time for us to look at our second join, ik and ul.

Are you ready? Here they are.

Here they are on our screen.

Take a close look at them.

What do you see? What do you notice about these letters? Pause and tell the person nearby.

Okay, so did you notice that the i has a dot at the top? Did you notice that the k has a lead out, and the l has a lead out also? The two letters are joined together.

Remember, joined is that they're linked, they're connected together.

So what do you notice about how these letters are joined? Well, the first letters both have starting points at the x-height line.

The second join starts at the baseline and it goes up to the ascender line.

So it's the highest line that we can go to on our set of tram lines.

And you don't lift your pencil when forming the join.

The last letter has a lead out.

Here's Jun.

"The second join is from the baseline to the ascender line." Thank you, Jun.

Like so.

Okay, I am gonna have a go at forming the joins ik and ul.

I'll go first and then it'll be your turn.

All right, here I go.

I'm gonna begin at the x-height line.

I'm gonna form my i.

I won't do the dot just yet, that's for the end.

And now here's my join from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

I'm gonna form my letter k, finish it with a lead out and then dot the i.

Yes, that's looking good.

All right, it's your turn, ik.

Are you ready? Start at the x-height line.

Form an i.

Here's your join.

Baseline up to the ascender line.

Form the letter k, finish with a lead out and dot the i.

Let's do one more.

This is looking so good.

I, here's the join, baseline to the ascender line, form the letter k, lead out, dot the i.

Oh, yes, I like it.

All right, my turn for you now.

Here I go.

I'm gonna begin at the x-height line for my letter u.

And then here's my join from the baseline up to the ascender line.

Form my letter l, lead out.

Ooh, that was pretty satisfying.

I wonder if you'll find the same.

Let's go.

From the x-height line, formula a u, and from the baseline, let's join all the way up to the ascender line.

Form your letter to l, lead out.

One more, u.

Join from the baseline to the ascender line.

Form the l, lead out.

Oh yes, I like them.

I'm going to show you how to form the second join, ik.

I'm sitting comfortably.

My pen is in the tripod grip.

I'll say to myself, ready, line, go.

Start at the x-height line, I'll form the i.

And then to join, I'll go from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line, and I'll form my k.

Finish that with a lead out and then dot the i.

Let's try that again.

Start my i, the x-height line.

Here's the join going all the way from the baseline up to the ascender line.

Here's the letter k with a lead out.

Dot the i.

Let's try one more.

I, here's the join.

Here's the k.

Finish it with a lead out and dot the i.

I'm going to show you how to form the second join, ul.

I'm sitting comfortably.

My pen is in the tripod grip.

I'll say to myself, ready, line, go, and I'll put my pen at the x-height line to begin the u.

Form my letter u, and then to join, I'll go from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

Come back down and finish with a lead out.

Let's try that again.

Ready, line, go.

Form my letter u.

And my join goes from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

I'll form the l, finish with the lead out.

Let's try one more.

Here's the u, here's the join and here's the lead out.

Check for understanding.

Select the correct join.

Which of these iks has got the correct join? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the one in the middle.

This has got the join going from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

Select the correct join.

Which of these uls has got the correct join? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you selected the first one.

This has got the join going from the baseline all the way up to the ascender line.

It's looking good.

For your task, I'd like to practise the second join, ik.

First of all, go over the grey examples, then tracing the starting dot, and finally complete two lines independently on your tram lines.

After that, I'd like you to practise the second join, ul.

Go over the grey examples, try using the starting dot, and finally, complete two lines independently, enthusiastically, and great focus on your tram lines.

Pause the video while you have a go at this task, and I'll see you when you're finished.

Okay, it is good to be back with you.

How did it go with the ik and the ul? Was your starting point on the x-height line? Did you join from the baseline to the ascender line? Did you keep your pencil on the page for the join? Did you enjoy them? I really hope so.

Circle your best one and celebrate.

In our lesson, the second join, il, it, ik, and ul with no lead in, we've covered the following.

Cursive letter joins refer to how the letters connect together.

The starting point for these first letters is on the x-height line.

The first join goes from the baseline to the x-height line.

The second join goes from the baseline to the ascender line when joining a tall letter.

The second join goes from the baseline to in between the x-height line and the ascender line when joining to the letter t.

You do not lift your pencil when forming the join.

Well done everyone for joining in with this lesson all about the second join.

I loved your commitment and your enthusiasm and your focus.

And I'll see you at the next lesson.

Bye for now.