Lesson video

Hello, everybody, welcome to today's lesson.

My name is Mrs. Richards, and in today's session we are going to investigate more prefixes, particularly the prefixes, de-, re-, sub-, and super-.

So, let's get started.

We'll start today's lesson by exploring some key vocabulary.

Then, we'll investigate and generate rules, and finally, set our spelling words.

You will need an exercise book or paper, a pencil and definitely your brain.

Pause the video here, and go and get what you need.

Okay, let's get started, let's have a look at our key vocabulary.

There are two key terms that we need to understand and use, in today's lesson.

My turn, your turn, prefix.

Root.

Well done for joining in.

What do these terms mean? A prefix is a group of letters at the beginning of a word that change it's meaning.

And root? A root is the most basic version of a word onto which the prefix is attached.

Hmm, what can you remember? Can you remember, the term linked to each of these definitions? A group of letters at the beginning of a word that change it's meaning.

That is a? A prefix, well done.

The most basic form of the word onto which the prefix is attached is a? Root, well done.

Okay, let's explore this term prefix in more detail.

In fact, let's explode the word prefix.

The word prefix is made up of, a prefix.

Pre, meaning before, and a root word fix, meaning attach.

So, prefix means to attach something before a word.

That's what a prefix is.

Let's investigate and generate some rules.

There are four prefixes which we are going to explore in today's lesson.

De-, re-, sub- and super-.

Let's start by looking at the prefixes de- and re-.

Okay, on the board, there are three words.

I'm going to read them aloud to you, and then I want you to work out, what do these words mean? And what do they have in common? These words might have a spelling in common, and a meaning in common.

Here are your words.

Reappear, rebuild, recycle.

Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, shall we have a look? Re-, all of these words contain the prefix re-, meaning again.

Reappear, means to appear again.

I really hope my keys reappear.

Rebuild.

The prefix re-, and the root word build.

It means to build again.

The three little pigs need to rebuild their house.

The last word recycle, contains the prefix re-, and the root word, cycle.

Recycle, means to make something able to be used again.

It's really important that we recycle plastic.

Okay, let's have a look at another group of three words.

Decompose, deflate, de-ice.

What do these words mean? Do they have any meanings in common, or spelling's in common? Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, shall we have a look at how you got on? All of these words contain the prefix de-.

De- means, to make the opposite or undo something.

So, decompose means to rot, it's the opposite of compose.

Can you see the root word compose? Can you see the prefix de-? If I compose, I create something, I build something, I put the pieces together.

When something decomposes, those pieces fall apart.

It is undone.

Let's have a look at the next word, deflate.

Deflate, contains the prefix de-, and the root word flate.

Deflate, means to release the air in something.

It's the opposite of the word inflate.

I can inflate a balloon by blowing it up.

And I can deflate the balloon, by letting the air out.

I can do the opposite.

How about the last word, de-ice? Here, we can easily see the prefix de-, and the root word ice.

De-ice means to melt, it's the opposite of freeze.

On a cold frosty morning, I might need to de-ice the windscreen on my car.

That means, take away the ice that covers the windscreen.

When the prefix causes two vowels to be placed next to each other, we use a hyphen.

Can you see the hyphen in the word de-ice? That's because we have the vowels E and I, next to each other.

Okay, what've we discovered so far? We know that a prefix is a group of letters at the beginning of a word that change it's meaning.

We also know the term prefix contains the prefix, pre-.

We've learned about the prefix de-, and the prefix re-, do you remember their meanings? De- means, to make the opposite or undo something.

Re- means, to do something again.

In some ways we can think of these two prefixes as opposites.

Okay, let's have a look at our next two prefixes, sub- and super-.

You've got the same activity.

There are three words on the board, you need to spot what the words mean and what they might have in common.

Think about spelling's in common, and meaning in common.

Here are your words, submarine, subheading, subtropical.

Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, shall we see how you got on? All of these words contain the prefix sub-, meaning under, or nearly.

Let's break this down, submarine.

Submarine, uses the prefix sub-, and the root word marine.

It means something under the surface of the sea.

Submarine, is a noun, a person, place or thing.

And submerge, is the verb, the doing or being word that means to put below the surface of the water.

So, a submarine is a piece of equipment that goes below the water.

The next word was subheading.

Can you spot the prefix sub and the root word heading? I'm sure you will have used this term in your English writing.

A subheading, is a heading that comes under the main title.

How about the last word, subtropical? Here, sub doesn't mean under.

Here, it doesn't mean under tropical, it means something that is nearly tropical.

Subtropical, refers to a zone in the world, a geographical area where the climate is nearly tropical.

Okay, last two words, are you ready? What do the words mean? What do they have in common? Supermarket, superhero.

Go.

Okay, shall we see how you got on? I love this one.

Super, means above.

It means something that exceeds the normal, is larger or more powerful than the normal.

Think about that word supermarket.

A word which we have experienced from very young age.

A word which we're very familiar with reading and spelling.

When you break down what it means it becomes really interesting.

Supermarket, contains the prefix super, because it refers to a large market.

A place to buy food that is bigger than normal.

It's larger than a normal market.

How about the word superhero? A superhero, is a hero with extraordinary powers.

Powers that are larger, more powerful than normal.

They're not just a hero, they're something greater than, or above a hero.

Hmm, what've we discovered in this part of the lesson? Well, we've got the two prefixes sub- and super-.

Remember, super- means above or something which exceeds the normal.

Supermarket or superhero.

Sub-, means under like submarine or nearly, like subtropical.

And in some ways, these prefixes are also opposites, they can express opposing ideas.

Okay, what can you remember? We've had four prefixes in this lesson.

Can you remember the meaning of each one? Pause the video now, and tell the screen the meaning of each prefix.

Okay, shall we see how you got on? De-, remember means to undo, or do the opposite of something.

Re-, means to do something again.

Sub-, means under, and super- means above or over.

Okay, how about if we do it the other way around? Here are the definitions.

Can you write down the prefix spelt correctly, that would match each definition? Which prefix meant under? Which prefix meant again? Which one meant above? And which one meant undo, or do the opposite? Pause the video, and write down the four prefixes.

Okay, shall we have a look? Sub- meant under,.

Re- means again.

Super- means above or greater than, and de- means undo, do the opposite of.

Well done forgiving that a go.

Okay, I love learning about prefixes because when we learn about prefixes, we're able to break down words.

Better understand what words mean, and where they come from.

And when we are interested in words, and when we're involved in words, then that has a really positive impact on us.

Now, I've got a challenge for you over the next few days.

We have looked at four prefixes in this lesson.

I'm going to briefly explain the meaning of three more prefixes to you.

And, over the next short period of time, I want you to look out for these prefixes in text, and listen out for them in conversation.

Can you spot these prefixes in the world around you? In signs? In notices? In letters that come through the door? In text, in books that you're reading? Can you hear these words said aloud in conversation? Here's three more to challenge yourself with over the next few days.

Inter-.

Inter- means between.

The prefix inter- is used within the word international, between nations, between countries.

For example, the flight was international.

It flew from one country to another.

Anti-, the prefix anti- means against.

For example, anti-clockwise, going against time.

Auto-.

Auto-, is a prefix referring to self.

For example, an autobiography.

I wonder if you've ever read an autobiography? When someone writes about their lives, they write about themselves.

Okay, look out for, and listen out for these three prefixes, over the next few days.

Okay, let's set our spelling words.

There are 10 words here, which you need to copy accurately onto a piece of paper.

Start by writing the numbers one to 10, down the margin, or down the side of the page.

Pause the video, and do that now.

Okay, word number one, reappear.

Reappear.

I hope my keys reappear.

Copy this word really carefully.

Remember, that when we spell prefixes, words containing prefixes, sometimes it's not the prefix which is the tricky part of the word to spell.

The tricky spelling might actually be found in the root.

Here, for example, appear has a double P.

Can you also spot the word ear, towards the end of this word? Reappear.

Pause the video now, and copy the word down.

Okay, word number two, recycle.

Recycle.

It is important that we recycle plastic.

Here, we have the ss sound, being made by the letter C.

And, look at that letter Y.

It's very unusual to spot a Y, in the middle of a word.

Pause the video, and copy the word down now.

Well done.

Number three, rebuild, rebuild.

The three little pigs needed to rebuild their house.

Rebuild, means to build again.

Pause the video, copy it down.

Number four, decompose.

Decompose.

Remember de-, means to undo something, to do the opposite of.

So decompose, is about doing the opposite of compose, it's about breaking things apart, decompose.

Pause, and copy it down.

Word number five, deflate.

Deflate.

I deflate the balloons after a party.

That means, I take the air out.

It's the opposite of inflate.

Pause, and copy it down.

Number six, subheading.

Subheading.

Remember, sub- means under or nearly.

Here, subheading refers to a heading that is under the main title.

Pause, and copy it down.

Word number seven, submarine.

Submarine.

A submarine is a piece of equipment that goes below, under the surface of the water.

Pause, and copy it down.

You're doing brilliantly.

Word number eight, submerge.

Submerge.

Submerge, is the verb.

Submerge, means to go below the surface of the water.

You can submerge something underwater.

Pause, and copy it down.

Word number nine, supermarket.

Super-, meaning above greater than, market.

Pause, and copy it down.

Last word, word number 10, superhero.

Superhero.

Spider-Man is a superhero.

Pause, and copy it down.

Well done! You've finished today's spelling lesson.

You've done brilliantly.

I hope you've enjoyed it as much as I did.

See you soon, bye.