Hello, everyone.

I'm called Mrs. Riley, and I'll be teaching you this lesson today.

Today, we'll be focusing on speeches.

We are going to watch part of a very famous speech that some of you might already know about, and we're going to use that speech to come up with some ideas of how to engage an audience.

We'll end the lesson by doing some speechmaking ourselves, so you're going to need your loud, clear voices for today.

Let's get started.

The outcome of today's lesson is to understand how repetition can be used to engage an audience when delivering a speech.

Here are our key words for today's lesson.

That means these words are going to be really important to understand the lesson today.

The first key word is audience.

My turn, your turn.

Audience.

Audience.

Well done.

An audience is a group of people listening to or watching a performance or speaker.

The next key word is engage.

Engage.

Engage means to get or hold the interest of.

If you are engaged in this lesson right now, you'll be concentrating and focusing and you'll be interested in what I'm saying.

But if you are not engaged, you might be daydreaming about what you're going to have for lunch.

The next key word is repetition.

Repetition.

Repetition is when a key word or phrase is said more than once in order to reinforce a point.

So if in a speech, I used repetition, I might be repeating saying the same word or phrase over again and again a few times to try and make a point really clear.

And we'll hear more about that later in the lesson.

So audience, engage, and repetition are our three key words.

In our lesson today, we are going to be looking at how Martin Luther King engages an audience.

And don't worry if you're not sure who he is, 'cause we'll discuss that later in the lesson.

First, we're going to just focus on engaging an audience, how to hold the interest of our audience.

And then in the second learning cycle, we'll look at a specific speech by Martin Luther King Jr.

So let's start off with learning cycle one, engaging an audience.

Have you ever found yourself completely hooked by a book before, so much that you can't even bear to put it down? Have some thinking time.

When a book is so good you don't want to put it down.

Or perhaps, you've been watching a movie at the cinema, and notice that your eyes were glued to the screen, 'cause you were so, again, so hooked by the film.

Or maybe it was a trip to the theatre or a production at school, and you found yourself completely mesmerised by what was happening on stage, so you're not noticing anything else 'cause you are just so mesmerised by what you are watching.

Okay, so three questions there that, hopefully, you've had a little time to think about.

And I now want you to pause the video and discuss.

Can you think of a time like any of these? So I want you to think of an example.

What gripped your attention so much and why was that? So you're gonna have a discussion with your partner a time when you've been really gripped by something, and then thinking, why do you think you were so gripped? What caused that? So pause the video now while you discuss this with a partner.

Okay, well done.

So engage is a verb.

It's something that we that you do and it means to get or hold the interest of.

If you find something engaging, it means your attention is so completely hooked on that thing, and it's very difficult to break.

And I'm kind of doing that action, 'cause it's like I'm not noticing anything else going on, because I'm so engaged in what I'm looking at or hearing.

People can be engaging, too, especially when they are speaking.

So I'd like you to now discuss, can you think of anyone in your life who is engaging when they speak and what were they doing when you were engaged by them? So a time in your life when someone was speaking to you and you found them really engaging, and then what were they doing do you think to make you so engaged? Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

So here are a couple of examples.

My grandfather is so engaging when he's telling me stories about the past.

Yeah, so some people can be really engaging when they tell stories.

Oh, here's someone else might say, "My teacher is the most engaging person I know, especially when she's teaching lessons in class." Where it's really good to have an engaging teacher, 'cause that's going to help you to stay hooked and concentrate, which means you will learn more.

A person can often be the most engaging when they are speaking.

A strong public speaker will be able to engage their audience, the people they're speaking to.

And here are some examples of public speaking.

Delivering an assembly.

That's probably maybe something you've done at your school.

Educational talks.

So if I was going to, if I wanted to learn more about eating healthily, I could go to an educational talk on healthy eating, someone would be giving a speech or doing public speaking.

Persuasion on a topic.

If someone was trying to persuade you to eat healthily, for example.

In speeches, it could be a political speech, it could be a speech at a wedding.

So let's check your understanding.

Which of these are examples of public speaking? A, phoning a friend.

B, giving an educational talk.

C, making a speech.

Or D, sending an email.

Could you pause the video and think about your answer now? Okay, well done.

The correct answers are giving an educational talk and making a speech are both examples of public speaking.

Well done if you spotted those.

So we're now gonna have a little bit of a think about how we can be as how a speaker can be engaging when they make a speech.

So in those examples, like a speech at a wedding or if someone was giving a speech at an educational talk, how could a speaker make their speech engaging? Could you pause the video and discuss this with your partner? Okay, well done.

I heard some really nice ideas.

Let's come back together.

So there are some top tips a speaker can use to engage their audience when making a speech.

First, they could stand up to speak.

That always helps to engage the audience.

Speak in a loud, clear voice.

Vary the pace.

That means how quickly or slowly you are speaking.

Speak in full sentences.

Make eye contact with the audience.

Use facial expressions and gestures with your body or hands.

Ask rhetorical questions.

These are specific questions that don't need to be answered.

And here's our key word, use repetition.

We're going to look at these now in a bit more detail.

So speaking in a loud, clear voice, why should we do that? Well, the audience will be able to hear and understand every word, which will help them keep engaged throughout the speech.

If I was listening to a speech and someone was mumbling or speaking quietly, I might lose interest, because I can't hear what they're saying.

Vary the pace.

So slowing down the speech, slowing down the speed of the speech can emphasise key points, and allow the audience time to absorb important information.

So if there was some really key information in your speech, you might slow down a bit to make that really stand out, and at other times, you might speak a bit faster.

We're varying the pace.

Use facial expressions and gestures, which is when we move, we use our hands or bodies.

Expressions can help convey the emotional tone of the speech and using gestures can help make the message clearer.

If we just stood as still as a statue and never changed our facial expression, again, the audience might lose interest.

So all of those facial expressions and gestures will help to keep our audience engaged.

Making eye contact with the audience forms a connection between the speaker and the audience, and it also helps to keep the audience focused on you and your message.

It's tempting sometimes if you are reading from a piece of paper to just stay, keep your head down, and just read what you see.

But that way, the audience won't be engaged.

So you always, if you are reading your notes, want to look up to get eye contact with the audience, and then you can read a bit more.

Go down to see your next point, and then come up again to get eye contact.

Asking rhetorical questions will spark the audience's interest as they think about the answer to the question in their heads.

So for example, if I was at my educational talk about how to eat healthier, they might say something to me like that, say something to the audience like, "Do you ever wonder why you don't have lots of energy?" And I'm not expect to answer, but it's gonna make me think.

Hmm, I do wonder about that sometimes.

And then I'm going to carry on listening, 'cause I want to know what the answer is.

Okay, let's check what we've just learned.

Which of these techniques involves changing the speed at which a speaker delivers part of their speech? A, using facial expressions and gestures.

B, varying the pace.

Or C, asking rhetorical questions.

Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

The correct answer is B, Varying the pace involves changing the speed at which a speaker delivers part of their speech.

Well done.

So now, we'll look at one special technique in more detail.

One special technique that can help to keep an audience engaged.

One special technique that can help make words or phrases memorable.

Now, you might have noticed that technique has been used in the sentence above, and what I just said earlier, I'd like you to pause the video and discuss with your partner what you think that technique might be and explain how it has been used.

Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

Well, I heard lots of you identified the special technique is repetition.

You'll see there in purple, I said one special technique that can help keep an audience engaged.

One special technique that can help make our words or phrases memorable.

So well done if you identify that that technique was repetition.

I've repeated the phrase one special technique.

So repetition is when a key word, so it could just be one word or it could be a phrase, so a few words is said more than once in order to reinforce a point.

Repetition can be an excellent way to engage an audience, because hearing the same words repeated will grab their attention, and make the part of the speech memorable.

Repeating a phrase at the start of a sentence is an effective way to use repetition.

So the start of the sentence, if we start, keep starting this in the same way.

Here's an example taken from a speech about why school uniform is a positive thing.

So see if as I read this, you can spot the repetition.

I can promise you that children enjoy the sense of belonging they feel from wearing the same as their friends.

I can promise you that teachers feel more confident taking classes on trips when they're all wearing the same.

I can promise you that parents are grateful that children do not need to choose what to wear to school each day.

So could you now discuss with your partner how this speaker has used repetition and what impact repeating this particular phrase has on the audience.

So could you pause the video and discuss that with your partner now? Okay, well done.

I heard some lovely discussions going on there.

So we can see here that the phrase that we've repeated, which is in a different colour, is, I can promise you.

I've repeated that three times, and it always starts the sentence.

So repeating the phrase, I can promise you will help the audience to trust the speaker, 'cause I'm saying I can promise you, I'm making you trust me.

It's emphasising the key points.

It's creating a rhythm to it to the speech.

It almost makes it a bit like a song or a rap or something like that rather than just lots of different words.

Coming back to that phrase at the start of each sentence creates a nice rhythm to the speech.

It grabs the audience's attention.

And remember that's what we want to do in a speech.

And it makes this part of the speech memorable.

If I was listening to a debate and one child was telling me that gave this speech about why children should wear uniform and they kept repeating, I can promise you, and then the next person didn't use repetition, I might remember this speech a bit more because of that repetition.

So I would like you now to discuss how does the use of repetition impact the audience in a positive way.

So pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

Here are some examples of what you might have discussed with your partner.

You might have said that using repetition makes part of a speech more memorable and adds a sense of rhythm.

You might have said using repetition helps to gain an audience's attention, and emphasise the key points of the speech.

So here's a reminder of some top tips a speaker can use to engage their audience when making a speech.

And you're going to need these for your task in a minute.

So make sure you are engaged with what I'm saying.

Stand up to speak.

Speak in a loud, clear voice.

Vary the pace.

Sometimes, quick, sometimes slow.

Speak in full sentences.

Make eye contact with the audience.

Use facial expressions and gestures.

Ask rhetorical questions.

Use repetition.

So here's your task.

You are going to use repetition by saying a few sentences for a speech that all start in the same way.

Imagine the sentences are taken from a speech with the title, "Why my school is the best".

Here are some phrases you could use to start your sentences or you can create your own.

My school is the greatest because.

and then you'd give your reason.

Brilliant schools all have.

I am proud that my school.

And finally, a reason why my school is the best is, mm.

So you are going to come up with a few sentences for a speech and each sentence can start the same way.

So for example, I might choose one of those phrases.

I am proud that my school.

And I might say, "I am proud that my school encourages everyone to be kind to one another." I am proud that my school and then you would continue.

So each sentence is going to start in the same way.

So we've got that repetition.

You can use one of those phrases or you can come up with your own, whatever you would prefer.

So pause the video now and good luck with this task.

I hope you enjoy it.

Okay, well done.

Let's come back together.

I loved hearing all those lovely things about your school, and I was really engaged.

I think maybe because of that repetition.

So did you do the following? Did you use repetition? Did you stand up to speak? Did you speak loudly and clearly? Did you make eye contact with your audience, with your partner? Did you vary the pace? Sometimes, were you a bit slower to emphasise key points? So here's an example of what you might have said.

My school is the greatest because it has the best teachers.

My school is the greatest because it is where my friends are.

My school is the greatest because it has amazing playground equipment.

So we can see the repetition there.

Every sentence starts with my school is the greatest because.

Here's another example.

Brilliant schools all have strong values.

Brilliant schools all make their pupils feel like they belong.

Brilliant schools all challenge their children to be the best they can be.

So we can see again the repetition there, brilliant schools all and then the sentence is finished.

Okay, well done.

So we're going to move on to our second learning cycle now where we're going to be analysing a speech by Martin Luther King Jr.

So I'd first like you to just pause the video and discuss, have some thinking time and discuss with your partner, have you ever heard of Dr.

Martin Luther King Jr.

? And do you know why he is an important part of history? So don't worry if you are unsure who he is, but perhaps if you are unsure, you could listen to some other ideas in the room.

But if you do know anything about Dr.

Martin Luther King, pause the video and share them with your partner now.

Okay, well done.

Let's come back together.

So I heard someone say, "I've heard his name before and I think he fought to stop racial inequality." And I heard someone else saying, "I think he was an important part of the anti-racist movement in the United States quite a long time ago." Well, both of those ideas are right.

So Martin Luther King Jr.

was born in 1929 in the city of Atlanta, which is in Georgia, in the United States of America, which, sometimes, people shorten to U at the USA.

1929 is definitely before any of you were born.

It's even before I was born.

It's even before my mom was born.

So that gives you an idea of how long ago he was born.

And Martin Luther King Jr.

led the civil rights movement in the United States.

The reason he's called Martin Luther King Jr.

is because he was named after his father.

So his father would've been Martin Luther King Sr.

and he's Martin Luther King Jr.

So that you can tell the difference between the two of them.

So Martin Luther King used nonviolent, peaceful protest to try to get equal rights for African Americans.

So he wasn't encouraging people to go out and fight and be use aggression.

He was using nonviolent, peaceful protests to try and stand up for equal rights for all.

He lived in a part of America that had certain laws enforcing racial segregation.

Racial segregation is the practise of keeping Black and white people separated.

This meant that Black people would have different schools, toilets, restaurants, and even different sections of the bus to white people.

Martin Luther King Jr.

dedicated his life to changing this and achieving equality and justice for Americans of all colours.

This was very difficult, but he refused to stop trying, and he was arrested many times and was even sent to prison.

So Dr.

Martin Luther King Jr.

was released from prison, and in 1963, he went to Washington, which is America's capital city to make a speech.

His speech called for an end to racism in the United States, and 200,000 people came to hear him speak.

So think about, can you see that picture? Look at that audience that you are speaking to.

200,000 people were his audience and had come to hear him speak.

So let's check you were listening.

In which city did Martin Luther King Jr.

make a speech in front of 200,000 people? Was it A, London? B, New York.

Or C, Washington? Pause the video while you choose your answer.

Well done, it is C, Washington.

Dr.

Martin Luther King Jr's speech is often regarded as one of the most important and famous features ever made.

In front of a huge crowd and with many more people tuned to their TV and radio, he told of his dream that his children would one day live in a nation where they wouldn't be judged by the colour of their skin, but by the content of their character.

So we're now going to watch part of this very famous speech, and after you've watched it, you are going to discuss how does Martin Luther King Jr.

engage the audience.

Can you recognise any of those techniques that we have discussed in our lesson? So really enjoy watching this incredible speech, and then enjoy your discussion about how he engaged the audience afterwards.

Pause the video now.

Okay, let's come back together.

Wow, well, wasn't that a powerful speech? And I loved hearing your discussions about it, as well.

So his speech is an excellent example of how to engage an audience.

It is also clear to see how repetition can be used effectively in a speech.

Martin Luther King repeated the phrase, "I have a dream" many times throughout his speech.

And now, most people refer to this speech as "I have a dream".

The repetition of "I have a dream" made the message of his speech strong and memorable.

It emphasised his desire for people to live together in a peaceful world where they are all treated equally.

So I'd like you to discuss now, why do you think Martin Luther King Jr.

chose to repeat the phrase, "I have a dream" many times in his speech? Why that phrase, I have a dream? Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

I heard some lovely discussions there.

I heard someone saying, "I think he chose this phrase because he wanted the audience to know that he's dreaming about a future where racism doesn't exist." So he's telling them what he dreams about.

And someone else said, "I think by repeating "I have a dream" lots of times, he's trying to emphasise that this is a dream that others could and should share, too." So we're now going to watch the speech again, and we're going to look out for the use of repetition to engage the audience.

And then I want you to discuss what else does Dr.

Martin Luther King Jr.

do to engage the audience? So you are watching, again, looking out for repetition, and then also thinking about what other things does he do as well to engage the audience.

Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

Let's come back together.

So I heard someone saying that he also engages the audience by speaking loudly, clearly, and making eye contact, and by using gestures.

So let's check your understanding for what we've done so far.

In which part of a sentence does Martin Luther King Jr.

repeat the phrase, "I have a dream"? Does he repeat this at the start of a sentence? B, in the middle of a sentence? Or C, at the end of a sentence? Pause the video now.

Well done.

He repeats this at the start of a sentence.

That's how he starts his sentences, I have a dream, and then he says what that dream is.

So here's a reminder of some top tips the speaker can use to engage with their audience when making a speech.

And you are going to give a speech for your second task.

So make sure you are concentrating now and remembering these top tips.

So number one, stand up to speak.

Speak in a loud, clear voice.

Vary the pace.

It's how quick or slow you are.

Speak in full sentences.

Make eye contact with the audience.

So if you've made some notes, don't just keep your head down, make eye contact with the audience.

Use facial expressions and gestures.

Ask rhetorical questions.

For example, Martin Luther King might have said, "Do you have a dream?" That would be an example of a rhetorical question.

And finally, our key word, use repetition.

So you are now going to write your own short speech using repetition.

Now, don't worry if that seems daunting.

It doesn't need to be a really big, long speech.

It only needs to be a few sentences.

And then you are going to share your speech with an audience.

So it might be in front of the class, it might just be in front of a small group.

You are going to use the speech by Dr.

Martin Luther King Jr.

as inspiration.

So let that inspire you for your own speech.

And think about a change you would like to see made in the world or your own life.

So obviously, we know Martin Luther King wanted to make a change.

He wanted everyone to be treated equally and to be judged by their character rather than how they looked.

What is a change you would like to see? And here's an example to help you.

I wish for a future where the air is clean and fresh for everyone.

I wish for a future where forests and oceans are healthy and thriving.

I wish for a future where we use energy that doesn't harm our planet.

So we can see here that this person's speech is about climate change and about looking after our planet.

And they've used the repetition, I wish for a future where, that starts every sentence, there are three sentences, and they all start in the same way.

So here are some other ideas that you might use for your speeches.

It might be about stopping bullying, it might be about ending climate change like in the example we just saw.

It might be about ensuring education for all.

So every single person should have a chance to be educated.

Remember to choose a phrase to repeat in the same way that Martin Luther King Jr.

uses.

He used "I have a dream".

For example, I hope that one day or I wish for a future where.

So you might start off by first of all, thinking, what is my speech going to be about, choosing a topic, and then choosing your phrase you are going to repeat.

You might start by just writing that phrase down, and then you can think how to finish those three sentences.

So good luck.

Remember all those top tips for speech making, like standing up, loud and clear voice, and good luck writing and performing your speeches.

I think they're going to be incredible.

Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

They were fantastic.

I hope you feel really proud of yourselves.

They were very engaging speeches.

So have a quick think about the speeches that you listened to and have a think.

Did the speaker do the following? Did they use repetition? Did they stand to speak? Did they speak loudly and clearly? Could you hear every word? Did they vary the pace? Did they make eye contact? So you might have a little think about the people you listened to, but also you might think about yourself and give yourself a personal target.

Maybe you might think, "Oh, I actually didn't get eye contact with the audience." So maybe next time, that's what I'm gonna try to remember to do.

So pause the video now, and have a little bit of reflection time for the speeches you heard and your own speech.

Okay, well done.

So here's an example of what someone might have said to somebody else.

I think the repeated phrase you used was very powerful and made the message of your speech strong and memorable.

Standing to speak also made sure you really engaged the audience.

So that might have been some feedback you might have given at someone else.

So let's summarise what we've learned together today.

We've learned that a speaker can engage an audience through a variety of techniques including repetition.

We've learned that Martin Luther King Jr's famous speech entitled "I Have A Dream" uses repetition to engage the audience.

And we've learned that "I Have a Dream" by Martin Luther King was written to help bring about racial equality.

So well done for all your hard work today.

I hope this is really useful for whenever you are doing public speaking or speeches in the future.

And hopefully, I'll see you for some more learning another time.