Lesson video

Hi, everybody.

I'm Ms. Gardner.

Welcome to your first lesson from our unit where we are writing a non-chronological report all about healthy lifestyle.

I'm really excited to start this unit.

I hope you are too.

So let's get going with our first lesson.

In this first lesson of our healthy lifestyle unit, we are going to be looking at what you could expect to find in a non-chronological report.

So your learning outcome today is, I can identify important features of a non-chronological report.

So let's start by looking at the keywords.

We're going to do my turn, your turn.

So I'll say the word first and then you can say it back to the screen or to your partner or in class or whoever you're with.

Linguistic feature, non-chronological report, subject-specific vocabulary, fronted adverbial, conjunctions.

Let's have a look at what these mean.

So a linguistic feature is a structure of language that uses words.

A non-chronological report is a non-fiction text that informs about a subject or event and that is written out of time order.

Subject-specific vocabulary is vocabulary used when writing about a particular subject.

A fronted adverbial is a sentence start followed by a comma.

And a conjunction is a word that joins words, phrases, or clauses.

So there are three sections of our lesson today.

In the first, we'll be looking at the purpose and the subject of the non-chronological report.

In the second, we'll be looking at structural features of a non-chronological report.

And in the third section, we're gonna be looking at linguistic features of a non-chronological report.

So let's start with looking at the purpose and the subject.

So the purpose is the aim of the text.

Why is a text written? The purpose of a non-chronological report is to provide information and facts about a subject.

Non-chronological reports use subject-specific vocabulary.

Let's just try that keyword my turn, your turn.

Subject-specific vocabulary.

Now, subject-specific vocabulary are words which are related to the topic of the text or non-chronological report is all about healthy lifestyle.

So the subject-specific vocabulary will all be related to healthy lifestyle.

Factual, so containing lots of facts, and they're often found in non-fiction texts.

So let's just check for understanding.

True or false? The purpose of a non-chronological report is to provide information about the subject.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it is true.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, a non-chronological report uses subject-specific and factual vocabulary to give information about subject.

Or B, a non-chronological report is a non-fiction text.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it is A, a non-chronological report uses lots of subject-specific and factual vocabulary so the reader can learn loads about the subject.

Well done.

This is some of the subject-specific vocabulary that you will use when we start writing our non-chronological reports about healthy lifestyle.

So let's have a look at what these words are and what they mean.

We'll do my turn, your turn.

Moderation.

That's doing something without excess.

So that means, if you were saying we're eating chocolate in moderation, we don't eat loads and loads of chocolate all day every day, 'cause that would be excessive.

That would be an excess.

So eating a little bit of chocolate every now and then, that's eating it in moderation.

Balanced diet.

That means eating a variety of food types with differing nutrients.

We want to have lots of different types of food because all different foods contain different nutrients and we need lots of different nutrients to keep our bodies healthy.

Nutritionist.

A nutritionist is a scientist that specialises in food and nutrition.

Exercise.

That is any activity that requires physical effort in order to improve your fitness, to make you become fitter and fitter.

So let's check for understanding, what is subject-specific vocabulary? A, words that describe a noun.

B, words related to a specific topic or subject.

Or C, a general word used in the English language.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it is B.

Well done, everyone.

So it's time for task A.

You need to circle the five words that are specific to the topic of healthy lifestyle.

So here are your options, nutritionist, humans, hair, exercise, diet, moderation, animals, balanced, and nails.

Pause the video now and circle the five words that you think would be found in a non-chronological report all about healthy lifestyle.

Welcome back, everybody.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

So the five words that are specific to the topic of healthy lifestyle.

Nutritionist, that scientist who specialises in food and nutrition.

Exercise, so any activity that you do to try and make you become fitter.

Diet, so what you eat.

Balanced, that means we want a balanced diet to keep us healthy.

Eating lots of different types of food.

And moderation, so not eating anything in excess, not eating too much of something.

If you need to go back and make some edits to this task A, that's absolutely fine.

You can pause the video and do that.

Otherwise, really well done.

It's now time for the second section of our lesson today where we are gonna be looking at the structural features of a non-chronological report.

So how a non-chronological report is laid out in our books or on a piece of paper.

So non-chronological reports often follow the same structure.

You start at the top with a title.

Then your first section is your introduction.

The introduction explains what the text is about and encourages the reader to read on, to carry on reading and find out more.

Then you have section one and section two, and these sections following the instruction contain paragraphs, giving detailed information about a specific theme.

So we want the facts in these sections to be really specific and really detailed.

And the subheadings show what the section is about.

So for example, section one is going to be about healthy diet.

So our subheading will be healthy diet, and the reader will know, "Okay, I want to find out about what we should be eating, what is a healthy diet?" And it can go straight to that section.

Then finally, your fourth section is the conclusion.

And the conclusion is the last paragraph and it summarises the key information from the text.

So here is a structure of a report about healthy lifestyle.

The introduction introduces the subject of the report and it gives a brief outline of the report to introduce key vocabulary.

So in our introduction, we'll say to the reader that this report is about healthy lifestyle and we'll kind of explain briefly with a general fact what that means.

What is a healthy lifestyle? We have to have a healthy diet and we have to do exercise, but we're not going to go into more detail than that.

Then we'll have section one, which is a paragraph that explains what is included in a healthy diet.

So what we should be eating to make sure we're leading a healthy lifestyle.

Then section two will be a paragraph again, but that explains the importance of exercise and sleep.

And then our conclusion, we're going to refer to the future and how having a leading a healthy lifestyle will help us in the future.

And we'll refer to what we've already said and kind of summarise what we've said.

So let's check for understanding here.

Order the following sections from one to four to show the order that they would appear in our non-chronological report about healthy lifestyle.

So we have A, a paragraph that explains the importance of exercise and sleep.

B, introduce the subject of the report: healthy lifestyle.

C, a look to the future with reference to what has been read and written in the report.

And D, a paragraph that explains what is included in a healthy diet.

So you need to number these one to four.

Pause the video now.

Off you go.

Okay, welcome back.

So number one was B, introduce the subject of the report: healthy lifestyle.

That's our introduction.

Number two was D, and a paragraph that explains what is included in a healthy diet.

We're talking first about what we should be eating.

Then number three, A, a paragraph that explains the importance of exercise and sleep.

And then finally number four was C, a look to the future with reference to what has been read.

Well done, everyone.

So now it's time for task B.

You need to match the sentences to the section that you would find them in.

So we have four sections, introduction, section one, about healthy diet, section two, about exercise and sleep.

And then four, our conclusion.

And then here are your four options of sentences.

A balanced diet includes eating a variety of fruits and vegetables.

In summary, it's important to lead a healthy lifestyle, or our physical health will suffer.

This non-chronological report will teach you about how to lead a healthy lifestyle.

And finally, children are recommended to take part in 60 minutes of exercise a day.

So you need to draw lines from the sentence to the section that you would find them in.

So pause the video now, and off you go.

Well done, everybody.

Welcome back.

Let's go through the answers to task B.

So the sentence that you would find in the introduction.

This non-chronological report will teach you about how to lead a healthy lifestyle.

It's in the future tense, will teach you, because they haven't started reading it yet.

Once they start reading it, then they'll start to learn all about how to lead a healthy lifestyle.

Section one, which is about healthy diet is a balanced diet includes eating a variety of fruit and vegetables.

Section two, which will include facts all about exercise and sleep.

Children are recommended to take part in 60 minutes of exercise a day.

And then finally our conclusion.

In summary, it's important to lead a healthy lifestyle, or our physical health will suffer.

If you need to make any edits to task B, you can pause the video and do that now.

Otherwise, really well done.

It's time for our final section of today's lesson where we are looking at the linguistic features of a non-chronological report.

So non-chronological reports have specific linguistic feature.

So non-chronological reports have specific linguistic features.

So non-chronological reports are written in the present tense because it is a current topic that is relevant now.

We don't say, children needed to eat lots of different vegetables.

Its children need to eat.

Children today need to eat lots of different vegetables.

They contain subject-specific vocabulary, which we looked at in the first section of the lesson.

They maintain a factual and formal tone.

That means the language is less descriptive and more official than you would find in maybe a narrative type of writing.

They contain fronted adverbials of cause, which we're gonna look at in a minute.

And they contain formal fronted adverbials.

They also have a range of conjunctions and this improves text flow.

So let's start by looking at fronted adverbial of cause.

So a cause is an event or action that brings about another event or action.

It is what leads to something else happening.

And we call this, there's something else, the effect.

So the effect is the result that occurs as a result of the cause.

It is what happens because of the cause.

Now a fronted adverbial of cause is a sentence starter that tells the reader the cause and the effect of something.

So we have our cause and this leads to the effect.

And we use our fronted adverbial of cause to tell the reader all about this cause and effect.

So for example, this is a fronted adverbial of cause that we can use in our non-chronological report.

As a result, let's do my turn, your turn.

As a result.

And you can see just like every other fronted adverbial, it's followed by a comma 'cause it's a sentence starter.

So it links a cause in one sentence to its effect in the next sentence.

So it's basically starts the second sentence.

So you have your cause and then you have your effect.

And as a result, links these two sentences together.

So let's have a look at this in an example.

Wholegrain foods release energy slowly.

This is our cause.

The effect is, we stay fuller for longer.

So let's link these two sentences together using a fronted adverbial of cause.

As a result, wholegrain foods release energy slowly.

As a result, we stay fuller for longer.

You can see that in blue that as a result in these two, it starts the second sentence to link the two sentences together.

So let's just check for understanding.

Which of these are true for a fronted adverbial of cause? A, it links a clause to its effect.

B, it lists two adverbs to describe a noun.

Or C, it links one sentence to the next sentence.

Pause video now.

Okay, so a fronted adverbial of cause, A, it links a cause to its effect and C, it links one sentence to the next sentence.

Really well done, everyone.

Now another linguistic feature of a non-chronological report were conjunctions.

Now conjunctions are a really important part of a non-chronological report because they ensure that the text flows so that all the different pieces of information are linked together clearly.

They're not just randomly dotted around your non-chronological report.

They're linked together really nicely so that the text flows.

These include coordinating conjunctions.

Let's do my turn, your turn.

Coordinating conjunctions.

And these include and, but, and or.

There's three coordinating conjunctions.

For example, taking part in regular exercise strengthens muscles and it keeps a person's heart working properly.

I wonder if anyone knows what type of sentence this is.

We have a main clause, taking part in regular exercise strengthens muscles, coordinating conjunction "and", and we have another main clause, it keeps a person's heart working properly.

Can anyone say what kind of sentence that is? Have a think.

That's right, it's a compound sentence.

Compound sentence.

Main clause.

Coordinating conjunction.

Main clause.

Okay, now we also want to include some subordinating conjunctions.

Subordinating conjunctions.

So let's have a look at these in sentences.

Drinking six to eight glasses of water a day is suggested by scientists because it allows our bodies to function.

"Because" is our subordinating conjunction and it starts our subordinate clause because it allows our bodies to function.

I wonder what kind of sentence is this? We have our main clause, drinking six to eight glasses of water a day suggested by scientists.

We have our subordinating conjunction, "because".

And then we have our subordinate clause, because it allows our bodies to function.

What kind of sentence is this? Have a little think.

That's right, it is a complex sentence because it has a main clause and a subordinate clause.

Okay, let's have a look at another complex sentence.

As it is crucial for us to have a healthy gut, it's recommended to eat plant-based foods that are rich in vitamins and fibre.

"As" is our subordinating conjunction and it starts our subordinate clause.

Then you have your main clause.

So we have another complex sentence here.

So true or false? Checking for understanding.

Conjunctions are an important part of non-chronological reports.

That's right, it is true.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, a range of conjunctions helps us to link the information in the text together.

Or B, a range of conjunctions means there's a variety of sentence types.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it is A, we use a range of conjunctions to improve text flow.

Well done.

So the subordinating conjunction allows us to join the adverbial clause to a main clause to make an adverbial complex sentence.

For example, it is recommended to eat plant-based foods that are rich in vitamins and fibre.

That's our main clause.

As it's crucial for us to have a healthy gut.

That's our subordinate clause.

These two join together make a complex sentence and we use the subordinating conjunction "as" to link the clauses together.

But you could also switch it around so that the subordinate clause comes first.

As it's crucial for us to have a healthy gut, it's recommended to eat plant-based foods that are rich in vitamins and fibre.

And you'll notice there's something different in the second sentence.

When our subordinate clause comes first, it needs to be followed by a.

Comma.

Well done.

So the adverbial clause relies on the main clause to make sense.

We cannot have an adverbial subordinate clause by itself.

It needs to be linked to the main clause to make sense.

So let's just check for understanding.

Tick the examples of adverbial clauses containing a subordinating conjunction.

A, because protein is needed to strengthen muscles.

B, fibre is important for gut-health.

C, so that we can lead a healthy lifestyle.

D, scientists recommend getting 9 to 12 hours of sleep.

Have a look for those subordinating conjunctions and whether they start our adverbial clause, our subordinate adverbial clause.

Pause the video now.

Okay, so our subordinate adverbial clauses are, because protein is needed to strengthen muscles.

"Because" is our subordinating conjunction.

And so that we can lead a healthy lifestyle.

"So" is our subordinating conjunction.

Well done.

So it's time for task C.

In the first part of task C, we are looking at fronted adverbials of cause.

So you need to link the two sentences and you need to use the fronted adverbial of cause we learned about earlier in this lesson, followed by a comma.

So here are the two sentences you need to link.

Our cause, scientists suggests that children in primary schools should have 9 to 12 hours of sleep a night.

And the effect of this is, this improves brain performance, mood, and immune systems. So I need you now to rewrite these two sentences by linking them with a fronted adverbial of cause.

Pause the video now, and off you go.

Okay, well done everybody.

Let's go through this.

So our sentences linked using a fronted adverbial of cause, will look like this.

Scientists suggest that a children in primary school should have 9 to 12 hours sleep a night.

As a result, this improves brain performance, mood, and immune systems. Well done, everybody.

Right, the second part of task C is looking at conjunctions.

You need to select an appropriate subordinating conjunction to complete and write the following adverbial complex sentences.

So your three options are, which you can see at the bottom, "as", "so", and "because".

Eating foods containing protein is important, blank, we need protein to support the strength and growth of muscles.

Number two, it's as important to prioritise what we eat, blank, we can lead a healthy lifestyle.

And three, blank, they release energy slowly, whole grain foods keep you fuller for longer.

Pause the video now.

Off you go.

Welcome back, everybody.

Let's go through these.

So number one, eating foods containing protein is important because we need protein to support the strength and growth of muscles.

So we can cross off "because".

It's important to prioritise what we eat so we can lead a healthy lifestyle.

And number three, as they release energy slowly, wholegrain foods keep you fuller for longer.

Well done, everybody, for working so hard on task C.

Here's a summary of everything we've learned in today's lesson.

The purpose of a non-chronological report is to provide facts about subject.

The structure of a non-chronological report can follow this structure.

Introduction, section split into subheadings by theme, and a conclusion.

Subject-specific vocabulary and a formal tone are used.

Conjunctions are used to ensure that the text flows.

And fronted adverbials of cause are sentence starters that tell the reader the cause and the effect of something.

Brilliant job, everybody, today.