Lesson video

Hi there, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, I love spelling and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears and your thinking brains, as well as that, something to write with and write on, and someone or something to talk to would be great as well.

Let's get right into today's spelling lesson then.

In today's lesson, we're going to be spelling adjectives with the suffix -y.

The outcome will be, I can change nouns to adjectives by adding the suffix -y.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn and make sure I can hear you saying these back to me.

Suffix, brilliant, root word, noun, adjective, consonant.

Please keep an eye for these words.

Let's have a little chat about what they mean then.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning.

A root word is the base word from which other words are formed, often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

A noun is a naming word for people, places, or things.

An adjective describes a noun, it tells you what it's like.

And a consonant is a sound that is made by blocking air in the mouth with the teeth, tongue, lips or palettes.

So today we are going to be taking nouns as our root words, and we're going to be adding suffixes to them to turn them into adjectives.

And some of those nouns that end in consonants, have certain impacts on the spelling of that root word when we add the suffix -y.

Here's the outline for today's lesson.

We're spelling adjectives with the suffix -y, we're first of all gonna look at some rules when we add that suffix and generate some rules, and then we're gonna practise and apply spellings and write a sentence that contains some of the words that we are looking at today.

Let's get on with looking at rules for adding the suffix -y then.

Remember, a suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word, which creates a new word.

Here, I have my root word play, and to the end of that word, I add my -ing suffix to create a new word, playing.

Here I have the root word haze, I'm adding the suffix that we are concentrating on today, a y, to create the word hazy.

Now, notice here, when we add certain suffixes, the root word will in fact change.

Sometimes it stays the same, sometimes it changes.

So there are lots of different types of suffix.

Here you can see three; ing, ed, and y, and they all when added to words, create new words.

Sometimes that root word stays the same, and sometimes that root word changes and we're gonna be generating some rules around adding that -y suffix today and how that impacts the root word.

So let's have a read of some words then.

My turn, your turn, cloudy, foggy, dirty, sleepy, sunny, juicy, greasy, funny.

Now, have a look at these words.

What do you notice about them all? Pause the video, have a think, have a read of them again.

What sound do you hear at the end of each word? How is that sound spelt? How does it look on the page? Pause the video and have a think now.

Lovely, some great conversations going on there, team.

So I can see that they all end in this suffix -y and that -y spelling is making an e sound, isn't it? Cloudy, foggy, so that -y spelling is making an e sound.

Also, all of these words are adjectives.

They're words that we can use to describe nouns.

Adjectives describe a noun, they tell you what it's like.

So let's have a read of some sentences.

They all contain adjectives that are describing a noun.

It was a cloudy day.

My adjective here is cloudy, and day is my noun.

The adjective is describing the day.

Monday was rainy.

Monday here is my noun, and rainy is my adjective, is describing Monday.

Watch out for the muddy puddle.

Puddle here is my noun, and muddy is my adjective.

Would you like a juicy apple? Juicy here is my adjective, and apple is my noun.

So juicy apple, juicy there is adding description to my noun, my apple.

So did you notice that all of these adjectives also end in that suffix -y? The suffix -y or the -y suffix is often turned, used to turn nouns into adjectives.

So the cloud is in the sky.

Cloud there is a noun.

So here the cloud is a thing, it's a noun, it's a PPT; a person, a place, or a thing.

The sky is cloudy.

In this sentence, sky is my noun, and cloudy is now an adjective.

It's describing the sky.

So the word cloudy here describes the sky, it's an adjective.

So I've added my -y suffix to my noun, cloud, my root word was a noun, cloud, and I've added that -y suffix to create a new word class, a new word, and it's in a new word class, cloudy, which is an adjective.

So when we add that -y suffix to a noun, it will often create an adjective.

So have a look here for me, let's check and see if you've been listening to what I've been saying.

What word classes are the words fog and foggy in these sentences? I'll read the sentences to you.

The fog is spreading.

Hmm, today is a foggy day.

Which word class is each one? There's a noun there and there's an adjective there, but which is which? Pause the video and decide now.

Great job, team, so let's see how you did then.

Fog is a thing in this sentence, it's a noun.

The fog is spreading, it's a noun, a PPT.

Foggy here is that word fog, and we added that suffix -y to the end to create an adjective, it's describing the day.

Notice also, I've added an extra letter here when I've added my -y suffix, so my root word has changed.

Hmm, perhaps this is one of the rules we're going to be looking at.

I've got a double g now, and then my suffix -y.

Hmm, so look at what happens to these words when our suffix -y is added to these nouns.

Our root words, wind, plus my suffix -y, makes windy.

No change there to my root word, but I've gone from a noun to an adjective.

Thirst has become thirsty, an adjective.

If you're thirsty, you really need a drink of water.

Greed has become greedy, an adjective used to describe someone who wants all of the money in the world.

So what do you notice here? Is my root word changing at all? Have a look at what's happened when I've added my -y suffix.

Pause the video and have a think.

Really nice, so this is the first rule that we're gonna generate today, which is the root word has not changed, we just have to add a y.

And this usually happens when the root word ends in two consonant letters, for instance, in wind and thirst, I have an nd and an st, two consonant letters, so I then just add a y, or if it's a vowel, diagraph and a consonant, for instance, I have eed as my vowel diagraph and consonant, single consonant there at the end of greed.

So our first rule is we just to some words add a y to change them from nouns to adjectives by adding our -y suffix.

So what will the spelling of these words be when we add our suffix -y at the end? Dust, smell, water.

I'd like you to pause the video and I want you to think about how I'm then going to spell the new adjectives that I'm creating; dusty, smelly, watery.

Pause the video and have a go at spelling them now.

Good job, everyone, so let's have a look.

Dusty, I'm just gonna add a y.

It ends in two consonant letters, S and a T.

Smelly, I have my double consonants it ends in there, ll, so I just had a y, and watery there, just adding a y.

So our first rule is we just add a y often to words.

So the spelling of the root word can help us to spell the new adjective and in this instance, we are just adding a y and remembering that it's often when we have a word ending in two consonant letters or a vowel, diagraph and a single consonant, we then just add our y.

Now, look at what will happen when the suffix -y is added to these nouns.

Juice becomes juicy, an adjective, grease becomes greasy, shine becomes shiny.

What do you notice here? What are each of our nouns ending in? And what's happening when we add our -y suffix to create adjectives? Pause the video and have a think.

Good job, team, lovely discussion there.

So let's have a think.

The root word has changed this time.

I've removed the e before adding my -y suffix there to create my adjectives.

Juice has removed that e to make juicy, grease removes the e, shine removes the e and then add our y.

Otherwise, juice would become juicy, with that ey there, and we know it's just our y spelling there that's making that e sound at the end of the word.

So here our rule is remove the e and then add our y.

So how will these words that end in e change when we add our -y suffix to create our adjectives? First one is spice, smoke, noise.

So I'd like you to have a think for me, look at those root words, what's gonna happen to them when we add our -y suffix to turn those nouns into adjectives? And the adjectives are gonna be spicy, as in something that's hot, smoky, and noisy.

Pause the video and have a go at spelling those adjectives now.

Good job, everyone.

So remember, looking at that root word can really help us, all of these root words end in an e.

What's our rule when it ends in an e? Kshh, get rid of the e and add your y.

So spicy is S-P-I-C-Y, get rid of the e.

Smoky, get rid of the e and add the y, noisy, get rid of the e and add a y.

Remember, the spelling of the root word can help us to spell our new adjective.

Remove the e and then add a y, is our rule here.

So two rules we've got so far, sometimes we just add a y, other times, remove the e and add a y.

Now let's have a look at what happens when we add the suffix -y to the end of these nouns.

Fog, and we thought about this earlier remember, becomes foggy.

What's happened here? Sun becomes sunny, and mud becomes muddy.

What do you notice here? Pause the video and have a think.

How is that root word, that noun changing before adding the y to become an adjective? Pause the video and have a think.

Great job, everyone.

So I can see here that something in particular is happening, isn't it? We are changing that root word.

The consonant at the end of the word is doubling, and then we are adding our suffix -y.

And I notice here as well, they're all short vowel sounds, aren't they? O, o, u, u.

So foggy, double the g, add a y.

Sunny, u, u, double the n, add a y.

Muddy, u, u, short U, so double the d and add a y.

So our rule here is that if the root word has that short vowel and a single consonant, we're gonna double that consonant and then add our y to create our adjectives, foggy, sunny, and muddy.

So how will these words with short vowels and a single consonant at the end change when we want to add our suffix -y to create adjectives? I have fun, chat, which means to talk, and nut.

So pause the video and have a think for me and look at those root words.

Do you hear any short vowel sounds there? What do you need to do to the consonants at the end before adding your y? Have a go at spelling funny, chatty, and nutty for me.

Off you go, pause the video.

Lovely, team.

So funny, double the n 'cause I've got my short u, u, my short vowel, and then add my y.

Chatty, a, a, remember, our short vowels are a, e, i, o, u.

A, a, double the t, add a y, and nutty, N-U-T-T-Y, brilliant.

So remember, the spelling of the root word and listening to that root word as well with that short vowel there and the single consonant, is gonna inform us what happens when we add that suffix to spell our new word.

We double the consonant and then add our y.

So we have generated three magical rules.

First thing, first of all, we just add a y sometimes.

Then the next rule, remove the e and add a y, and finally, short vowel sounds, double the consonant at the end of the word, and then add your y.

Let's look at these in action then.

Just adding the y, we have thirst and wind here.

Remember, it's most commonly when there's two consonant letters at the end of that word.

So for most root words, we just add the y to create an adjective, where if we're removing the e to add the y, shine and noise becomes shiny and noisy, this is when our root word ends in an e, and doubling our consonant and adding a y, funny and chatty, this is when our root words have that short vowel sound before that single constant at the end.

So in fun, we have an u, u, and chat, we have an a, a, short vowel sounds, a, e, i, o, u.

Have a look at these rules again for me for a moment.

Make a mental snapshot, sometimes just adding a y, other times, remove the e and add a y, and then sometimes, double that consonant and add a y.

Take a mental snapshot now, everybody, kshh, ready to go.

So with those rules in mind, and looking here at my three children, I've got just add a y in a, remove the e and add a y in b, and double that consonant and add a y in c.

I'm gonna show you now some root words, and I want you to tell me what my rule is going to be to add my suffix -y and turn those nouns into adjectives.

So mist, hmm, mist.

What am I gonna do here, do you think? Pause the video, select which rule you're gonna use, a, b, or c, off you go.

Good job.

So be careful here, it is a short vow, e, e, but look at what my root word ends in, two consonant letters.

So for this one, we just add a y.

Next word, are you ready? Fun, pause the video, how am I gonna spell funny? Which rule am I gonna use? Choose a, b, or c now, off you go.

Good job, team.

So funny, u, u, short vowel sound, so I'm gonna double that consonant and add a y, so it's c.

And the next one, noise.

Think about what this word ends in, is it gonna be rule a, rule b or rule c? Pause the video, I want you to have a go at how you would spell noisy, off you go.

Good job, team, so think about it, ends in an e, remove the e and add a y.

So b was our rule there, brilliant.

So for our practise now what you're gonna do for me is you're gonna put the root words into the correct column and show what will happen when the -y suffix is added.

Are you just adding a y, are you removing the e and adding a y, or are you doubling the constant and adding a y? And remember our rules, okay? Think about, look carefully at the root word, think about what letters it has in it, and think about what sounds it has in it as well.

And our words are mood, stone, cheek, slip, knot, smell, shine, smoke, sun.

These are all our nouns.

And so we want to turn these into adjectives by adding that suffix -y, put them in the correct columns.

Pause the video, off you go.

Brilliant job, team, so let's see how you've done then.

Hopefully, you've got columns that look like this.

So mood has become moody.

There I had my vowel diagraph inside and any of my single consonant, d, cheek is the same, eek there, my vowel and my consonant plus the diagraph, and then smell, that double consonant letter at the end, so just adding our y.

Stone, shine and smoke all end in an e and our rule there was remove the e and add a y.

So stony, shiny and smoky.

And slip, knot and sun, all had short vowel sounds and single consonants, so we doubled those consonants and added a y.

Pause the video and check how you did, make any corrections now, off you go.

Onto then our final learning cycle, which is to practise and apply spellings and to write a sentence that use some of the spellings that contain our -y suffix.

Let's have a look at our word, first of all, the word is, my turn, your turn, arrive.

Arrive, I was not the first person to arrive at school today.

So let's have a look at this word.

What do you notice about this spelling? What might be tricky about it? Pause the video and have a think.

Well done, team, it's the fact that there's a double r in the middle of it, which we have to remember, and also that a at the beginning, I'm not saying a-rrive or u-rrive, I'm kinda making an arrive, aren't I? So it's making a slightly different sound.

This is a curriculum word, which is gonna appear a lot in our reading and writing, so it's really useful for us to know the spelling.

Take a snapshot of it now, kshh, arrive.

With that in mind, with that snapshot you've got, which is the correct spelling of the word arrive here? Point to it now.

Good job, team.

So correct one, this one here.

Remember, it's got that a at the beginning and double r, excellent.

So the rules that we've looked at for today when adding our -y suffix are, in some instances, just add a y, in others, remove the e and add a y, and in others, double that consonant and add a y.

Remember, we double that consonant and add a y when our root word has that short vowel and a single consonant, we get rid of the e if our root word ends in an e and add a y, and then sometimes, most root words, we just add a y to create an adjective.

So remember those rules.

So choose the correct spellings in each sentence here for me.

I'll read the sentences to you first.

After two days, the fruit was very slimy.

It was a misty day.

His hair was very knotty yesterday, so filled with knots, all tangled up.

Which is our correct spelling going to be? Think about the root word, think about what that root word ends in or how it ends or the sound at the end of it is, that's gonna help you know how to spell our new adjectives.

Pause the video, select the correct spellings for each sentence now, off you go.

Okay, good job, team.

After two days, the fruit was very slimy.

My root word slime ends in an e, so what do I need to do? Kshh, get rid of the e and add my y.

It was a misty day.

Well, think about that, mist.

There's a short vow there, but the end of the root word spelling has two consonant letters, so we're just gonna add a y, I don't need to double on my consonant there, and finally, his hair is very knotty, knot.

Now, I've got silent K there, remember, so watch out for that knotty letter, knot, o, o, t, t, O, short o vowel, o, o, and then a single t letter, so I double my consonant, and add my y.

Slimy, misty and knotty.

Pause the video and see how you did.

Did you actually get this right? So you can see on the left here, we've got a number of nouns.

I'd like you to have a go at creating some adjectives by adding our -y suffix to the end of these nouns.

But remember, look carefully at each of our root words here, because the spelling of them is gonna inform you as to which rule you're going to use and remember the three rules we generated.

Pause the video now and have a go, adding that -y suffix to create an adjective.

Off you go.

Brilliant, amazing application of the rules that we generated so far in today's lesson.

So the first one was noisy, now, let's think about this, my root word ends in an e, noise, what do I need to do? Whew, get rid of the e and then add my y.

So this is our correct spelling here.

Second one wouldn't be right, it's still got an e.

And I can see phonetically why the last one's there, noizy, it does sound like z, but it's, we're gonna keep that s, we just get rid of the e and add our y.

Slippy, okay, so something that's slippy, returning this here into an adjective.

So slip, slippy, i, i, slip, i, i, short vowel and a single constant letter.

We are gonna double that consonant and add a y.

Cheek like my cheeks here, to become cheeky, the adjective.

Let's think about this one, hmm, cheeky.

I dunno why I'd add an ey all of a sudden, and I don't know why I'd suddenly then add a c to it, my root word's gonna stay the same here, isn't it? I've got my vowel diagraph and then my single consonant letter, so I'm just gonna add a y, cheeky, here.

And juicy, that root word ends in an e, whew, get rid of that e and then add a y for juicy here, brilliant.

What successes did you have there? Do you have any magical mistakes to correct? Share your learning and make your corrections now.

Pause the video, off you go.

We're now going to write a sentence that contains some of our focus spellings, so words that have had that -y suffix added to them.

When we write the sentence, we need to do a number of things at once.

So let's really take our time doing this, maybe even have a brain break before we attempt this.

We're gonna need to remember that whole sentence, we need to sound out each word, we're gonna need to think about our spelling rules that we've looked at today, these three rules we've generated, look out for the common exception and curriculum words, our curriculum word is arrived so far today, and also remember our sentence punctuation, capital letters and full stops and any other punctuation that might be in the sentence.

So I'd like you just listen to me say the sentence, first of all, just use that amazing hearing of yours just listen to me, I'll say it a couple of times.

The muddy, cheeky dog arrived home, covered in greasy mud from the park.

The muddy, cheeky dog arrived home, covered in greasy mud from the park.

So we're gonna use the strategies now to help us remember the sentence.

The first is tapping it out, the muddy, cheeky dog arrived home covered in greasy mud from the park.

You tap that out now, off you go.

Good job, the next one is whispering out.

The muddy, cheeky dog arrived home covered in greasy mud from the park.

Pause the video and whisper that now to someone around you, or to yourself, off you go.

Good job, and finally, counting the words on our fingers.

The muddy, cheeky dog arrived home covered in greasy mud from the park.

The muddy, cheeky dog arrived home covered in greasy mud from the park.

Pause the video and count that now, off you go.

Brilliant, that just helps us to make sure we don't miss any words from our sentence.

So you're gonna have a go now writing the sentence, you're gonna sound out each word, remember any of those curriculum or common exception words, and don't forget your sentence punctuation; capitals, full stops and commas that might be in there too.

I'll say the sentence one more time.

The muddy, cheeky dog arrived home covered in greasy mud from the park.

The muddy, cheeky dog arrived home covered in greasy mud from the park.

Pause the video and have a go at writing that sentence now, off you go.

Brilliant job, team, so let's see how you've done then.

Let's check our work and make any corrections as we go along.

The, obviously we need to have a capital letter at the beginning of our sentence, muddy, ooh, look at that one, mud, M-U-D is that u, u and a single constant, so we double that d and then add a y, cheeky, that's just adding a y to the end of our root word, cheek, there, so we have our vowel diagraph and our k, dog arrived, that's that curriculum we looked at, remember, arrive, a at the beginning, double r, and then we just added our d there to change it, added that suffix d, arrived, home covered in greasy, my root word, grease there, ends in an e.

Remove the e, add my y, mud from the park, and don't forget, of course, your full stop.

We also have here a comma because we have our adjectives here, and an e and p, two adjectives alongside our noun, the muddy, cheeky dog, so we separate those adjectives with a comma.

Really great work, did you make any magical mistakes? What successes did you have? Did you remember our rules for adding our -y suffix? Pause the video, share those successes, mistakes, and make any corrections now, off you go.

Brilliant work today, team.

So remember, a suffix is a letter or group of letters at the end of a word, which creates another word.

The suffix -y can be used to create adjectives.

When using the -y suffix, there are three main rules, just adding a y, removing e and adding y, and doubling the consonant and adding a y.

Keep up the great spelling, everyone, and I'll see you again soon.