Lesson video

Hello everyone! My name's Mrs. Riley and I'm here today to do some grammar learning with you.

Now, today's lesson, we are covering a lot of grammar.

And you know what? Some of this grammar I'm actually learning with you, because I learned it when I was at school, but that was such a long time ago that I'm relearning it again.

We're going to be covering some quite complicated things today, but we are going to do it together and like I say, I'm learning and you are learning.

We're all learning together.

So let's get started.

So the outcome of today's lesson is to, "Recognise the progressive present, progressive past and progressive future tense in a range of verbs." Here are our key words we'll be using today before we worry about what they mean, let's just practise saying them.

Have you got your listening ears ready? And have you got your loud speaking voices ready? We're gonna do my turn, your turn.

Here we go.

Simple tense.

Auxiliary verb.

Progressive tense.

Infinitive.

Suffix.

Well done, thank you so much for joining in with me.

Let's go through the definitions.

Now, I'm just going to warn you, when you hear these definitions, a lot of it you might be thinking, "Mrs. Riley, what are you talking about?" But I promise you, by the end of the lesson, you are going to feel comfortable with what these things mean and you're gonna feel so proud because like I say, some of what we're covering today is really, really tricky, but we are going to get through it together.

So bear with me and don't worry if what I say right now doesn't sink in straight away, because we'll keep talking about it as the lesson got goes on and gradually, these definitions are going to sink in and you'll feel confident.

And when you do, you can feel so proud of yourselves.

I know I'm going to feel proud of myself by the end of this lesson too.

So here we go.

"The simple tense is one that does not make use of an auxiliary verb in addition to the main verb in the present and past." Bear with me, don't worry if that didn't sink in.

Remember we're going to keep coming back to this later.

"An auxiliary verb is the helping verb that is always paired with the main verb." I think that one's sinking in nicely for me.

So an auxiliary verb is a helping verb, like a helping friend to help the main verb.

Main verb, auxiliary verb and they're little friends.

"A progressive tense is one that denotes ongoing action." So action is something that's happening, something we're doing and if it's ongoing, it means it's still happening.

"The infinitive is any verb proceeded by the word 'to." So any verb, a being, a doing or having word, which then is proceeded, is followed by the word, "to," is an infinitive.

And, "A suffix is a letter," maybe one, "Or a group of letters," maybe it might be three, "At the end of a word, which creates another word." "A letter or a group of letters at the end of a word, which creates another word." So we'll come back to that again later.

So like I say, don't worry if that feels like an overload of information at the very beginning of the lesson, because we're just putting those things out there and then we're gonna keep coming back to them so that they're gonna sink in and we're gonna feel comfortable with what they mean.

So in our first learning cycle today, we're going to be looking at tense and person.

So let's start off by reminding ourselves what a verb is.

"A verb is a doing, being or having word." Three things, "A doing, being or having word." I'm gonna take that away and I'm gonna see if you can tell me what a verb is.

It's a doing and what are the other two, can you tell me? A doing.

Well done, a doing, being or a having word.

Well done, I can tell you are listening so carefully.

Let's look at these sentences and we're gonna look for the verbs.

"Put those down!" "Laura has a younger brother." "You are very tall." "Where is the library?" Each of these has a verb.

Let me tell you what they are.

Maybe you were looking and maybe you've already spotted some.

Put is the first verb, it's a doing verb, it's something that I can do, I can put something down.

"Laura has a younger brother." Ooh, I think has is the verb and that's an example of a having verb.

"You are very tall." Are is the verb, this is a being verb.

"Where is the library?" Is is the verb, it's a being verb.

So we can see that we've got different types of verb.

The one that perhaps is the easiest, is the doing verb.

Anything we can do, stretch, yawn or it could be something that not a human might do, it might be something for instance that the light does.

The light might shine, anything something does.

They're nice and easy to spot, or not easy, but they may be a bit easier to spot.

Having verbs, "Laura has a younger brother." I have an older brother and I have a younger sister, they're having verbs.

And then, being verbs are the ones like, "You are very tall," I am feeling happy.

"All of these verbs are the main verb in each of the ideas." Can you remember earlier we spoke about an auxiliary verb that's going to help the main verb and they're going to be friends? But these are main verbs.

Let's check what we've just learnt.

Could you find the verb in each sentence? Let me read them to you.

A, "I cleaned the car with Dad." (Mrs. Riley vocalising) B, "What a beautiful day it is!" C, "We have a new car." D, "Ben plays the guitar." Could you pause the video and find the verb in each sentence? Great job, well done.

Let's go through the answers.

So the verbs are, cleaned, that's a doing verb.

Is, that's a being verb.

Have, that's a having verb and plays, that's a doing verb.

Well done if you spotted those verbs.

"Verbs can be linked to different people or groups.

We call this the, 'person,' the verb is written or spoken in." "I play tennis." "We play tennis." I and we, this is the first person.

I'm talking from my own perspective, whether I play tennis by myself or whether we play tennis, I'm included, so I'm talking from my own perspective.

"You play tennis." You is in the second person.

I'm talking to a person or a group of people.

So I could be just saying, "You, just you there, play tennis." Or I could be saying, "You, all of you play tennis." But the important thing is I'm talking to a person and that's the second person.

And finally, "She plays tennis." "He plays tennis." Or, "They play tennis." This is the third person, she, he, they or it could be it.

I'm talking about a person, a thing or a group of people.

And you might have noticed a bit of a difference here.

"I play tennis, we play tennis, you play tennis, she plays tennis, he plays tennis." So those two are different and we're going to talk about that in a bit more detail.

"Sometimes the person is not so easy to spot." So it's a bit easier when it says I, you, they, he, for example, "Sam and I walk home." Hmm.

What's the person here? Who's the person? "Sam and I walk home." Can you spot it? Well done, "Sam and I!" It's like saying, "We walk home," but instead I'm specifying it's, "Sam and I." That's in the first person.

Even though it's not we it's, "Sam and I." "All of you walk home." Hmm.

Can you spot the person there? "All of you walk home." Well done, it's you the second person, I'm talking to you.

Let's have a look at these ones.

"Jun and Sophia walk home." "Izzy walks home." "Year six, all walk home." Can you spot the person in each of those sentences? I'd like you to pause the video while you think about that.

Well done, let's go through the answers.

Jun and Sophia is the person in that example, it's like saying, "They walk home," but instead I'm specifying the names Jun and Sophia.

"Izzy walks home." So I could be saying, "She walks home." But again, I'm saying what her name is.

And, "Year six all walk home," is the same as saying, "They all walk home." So we're still using the same principles of whether it's I, you, he, they, but this time we are just being a little bit more specific.

But there's still those ones written in the third person, "Izzy walks home," and, "Year six all walk home," because I'm talking about a person or a group of people.

Let's check what we've just learned.

I would like you to match the person to the perspective.

The options are, first person, second person, third person.

The perspectives are, "Talking about a person, a thing, or a group of people." "Talking to a person or a group of people." "Talking from your own perspective." Pause the video while you try to match those up, now.

well done, let's go through the answers.

So first person is, "Talking from your own perspective." I am learning, we are learning.

Second person is, "Talking to a person or group of people." Are you listening? Are you learning? And the third person is, "Talking about a person, a thing or a group of people." Year three are learning.

Could you now match the sentence to the person it is written in? "You queue quietly at lunchtime." Well done.

"We ate chocolate cake for dessert." "Ben has two little brothers." So one of these is gonna be the first person, one is the second person and one is the third person.

Pause the video now.

well done, let's go through the answers.

"You," you, "Queue quietly at lunchtime." I'm talking to someone, this is the second person.

"We ate chocolate cake for dessert." That's including me, it's my own perspective, so it's the first person.

"Ben has two little brothers." I'm talking about someone.

It could be like saying he has two little brothers, that's the third person.

Well done if you've got any of those correct.

"Sometimes when the person changes, the verb can change too." Ooh, we saw that earlier, didn't we with he and she.

Let's look at this in more detail.

"We cheer really loudly." "The cat purrs when it's happy." "Laura jumps on board the boat." "They chat quietly in the museum." "The, 'He,' 'She,' and, 'It' forms of verbs are different." Can you see that? "The cat purrs when it is happy." That's like saying it purrs when it's happy and, "Laura jumps on board the boat." That's like saying she jumps, but it would be the same for he jumps or it jumps on board the boat.

The other verbs, "We cheer," "They chat," they don't have an S on the end, but when we use the third person, he, she or it, the third person singular we have to add an S on the end.

Let's have a look at that with the verb run.

"I run, we run, you run, they run." All that, the verb stays the same, but let's just listen to what it sounds like.

"He run, he run to the shop." Mm.

"She run to the park." No, So instead we have to do, "He runs to the shop." "She runs to the park." Or, "It runs out of its cage." "In the third person singular," that's when there's only one, "We add an S to the verb." And to be honest, I think we would probably know that just from hearing how it sounds.

So let's read these sentences together.

Are you sitting up straight? Are you ready to do some reading with me? Here we go.

"She run to the swings." Hmm, doesn't sound right, does it? Let's try another one.

"They cleans the floor after the art lesson." Oh, that didn't sound quite right either, either.

"Jacob like football." Are you listening to these? They don't sound right, do they? Let's try another one.

"I loves the autumn leaves." Sounds like the kind of thing the BFG would say, because he gets a little bit muddled sometimes when he speaks.

What do you notice? Perhaps you could pause the video and either tell someone who's next to you or just explain out loud if you are by yourself.

What do you notice about these verbs and the person that goes with it? Off you go.

Well done, let's find the verb and let's correct the mistake.

"She run to the swings." The thing that she does, the action is, she runs.

But as you could hear when I said it, it doesn't sound right.

"She run to the swings." Remember when it's in this third person singular, he, she or it, we normally add an S.

"She runs to the swings." Oh that sounds so much better!" "They cleans the floor after the art lesson." Oh well, he cleans, she cleans, it cleans, but, "They cleans," doesn't sound right.

This should be they clean.

Remember, it's only when it's singular, which means only when there's one person, that we add the S.

"Jacob like football," like is the verb, but it should be, "Jacob likes football," because Jacob remember, even though this is a name, it's the same thing as saying, "He likes football," or, "She likes football." So again, it's in the third person singular.

There's just one person, that's why it's singular.

"I loves the autumn leaves." Hmm, well this is written in the first person.

I'm talking from my own perspective.

If it was he or she loves the autumn leaves, that would be fine, but, "I love the autumn leaves." "In the third person singular," there's one person and we're talking about them.

"He,' 'She,' or, "It,' we add an S to the verb.

Do you see what I mean about how at first this sounded like it was gonna be quite tricky, but hopefully it's starting to sink in, I feel like it's sinking in for me.

So let's do a task.

We're going to, "Read each sentence carefully." We're gonna to, "Cross out the, 'Person,' that each sentence starts with and replace it with the correct, 'Person,' so that the verb works." So you might think here to make it sound right, we're gonna change the verb, but we're not changing the verb, we're changing the person.

So we're gonna first of all have to identify the person and then change it so it matches up so it sounds right with the verb.

"He go swimming every weekend." So we're not changing the verb, we're changing the person.

Which in this sentence, I'll help you this sentence, it is he.

He is what we're going to change.

So how could we change the person to make the rest of the sentence make sense? "He go swimming every weekend." That doesn't sound right, so you might try some other options.

I go swimming every weekend.

You go swimming every weekend.

They go swimming every weekend.

Could you hear that there was more than one option? Let's try another one.

She go swimming every weekend.

Hmm, so they don't all work.

So you might want to like I did, use trial and error, try a different version of the person to see which one sounds right.

"I wants to come with you." Remember, we're not changing the verb, we are changing the person.

"Izzy, think we're funny." Remember we're not changing the verb.

Think, we're changing the person, Izzy.

"Jun and I needs the key for the shed." "It scuttle across the floorboards." So for each sentence, you are going to cross out the person that each sentence starts with and then you are going to replace it and remember, "More than one answer can be correct." So you can just choose one, but there's going to be more than one answer that could work.

Good luck, pause the video now.

Well done, let's go through the answers.

"He go swimming every weekend." It could be I, we, you, or they go swimming every weekend.

All of those work.

"I wants to come with you." Hmm, I know when we add an S to the verb, it's when we're using the third person singular.

So this could be he, she or it wants to come with you.

"Izzy think we're funny." Well there's no S, so this one could be, I, we, you, or they think we're funny.

"Jun and I needs the key for the shed." The person here was a little bit more tricky to find.

It's, "Jun and I," that's the same as saying we, it's from my own perspective and I know that I only have an S on the verb when it's a singular in third person, he needs the key.

So this one could be, he, she, or it needs the key for the shed.

"It scuttle across the floorboards." It is the person, if it's it, he, she or it, we would need an S on the verb, so that can't be right.

So instead it must be, I scuttle across the floorboards or we or you or they.

Well done for completing that task.

Okay, guys, we are onto our second learning cycle.

You are doing so well.

Let's just have a quick jiggle around, everyone having a quick jiggle and maybe let's breathe in and bring our shoulders up to our ears and flop out.

And one more time, breathe in and exhale.

We're ready, let's do this.

We're going to now identify the progressive tense.

"In English, we write and speak in different tenses." We've got the present, that means it's happening now, we are learning, that's what's happening now.

We've got the past, the action has already happened.

Perhaps you've already eaten your breakfast, it's in the past And we've got the future.

It'll happen in the future, it hasn't happened yet.

So for instance, yesterday's in the past, today's in the present and tomorrow's in the future.

"We know that the verb," the being, doing or having word, "In a sentence tells us the tense of the sentence.

It tells us when the action is happening." So if we took a sentence like the boy lept out of his bed and we covered up the verb, which in that sentence is leapt, we wouldn't know when it happened.

The boy, mm, out of the bed.

I don't know if that's happening now or tomorrow or yesterday, but because it's the boy lept out of his bed, the verb, that's how I know it's already happened.

So the verb is what tells us the tense.

"When Mr. Smith walks into the room, we all stand up." Walks is the verb, it's the thing that Mr. Smith is doing.

It's the action.

This tells me this is in the simple present tense, it's happening now.

"Last year we planted a tree in the playground." Now there's a bit of a clue here, last year, but the verb also tells us planted.

This is in the past tense, it's already happened.

"They will watch the film next week again." Next week is a bit of a clue, but the verb, will watch, tells me this hasn't happened yet.

It's in the simple future tense.

So you've got present, past, future.

We also know that sometimes we need an auxiliary verb, that's the little helping friend, to help out the main verb in the sentence.

"I jogged to the shop, but my mum walked there." Jogged is the main verb, let's do some jogging.

"I jogged to the shop, but my mum walked there." "My mum walked there." These are both just main verbs.

There's no little auxiliary helping verb here.

These are in the simple past tense, it's already happened, I jogged, mum walked.

"I will jog to the shop, but my mum will walk there." Hmm, here we've got that little auxiliary helping verb.

"I will jog." Jog is the main verb, will is the auxiliary verb.

So in, "My mum will walk there," what's the auxiliary verb and what's the main verb? The auxiliary verb is? Will, well done and the main verb is? Well done, walk.

This is in the simple future tense, it hasn't happened yet.

It will happen.

"The simple tense does not need an auxiliary verb with the main verb in the past and present tense." So let's just let that sink in.

The simple tense doesn't need that helping verb when it's in the past or the present.

And we can hear that, because if I said, "I slept really well last night." I slept, there's the verb, it's already happened.

Or if I said, "I sleep so well at the moment," that's in the present tense.

I sleep, sleep, just one main verb.

But if I say "I will sleep well tonight." I will sleep, there's my little helping verb, will, when it's in the future.

When it's in the future tense, that's when we need the auxiliary verb.

Let's check what we've just learned.

You are doing so well, let's keep it up.

"Which simple tense are the circled verbs written in, simple past, simple, present or simple future." A, "I will be disappointed if I don't pass the test." B, "The rain fell heavily on the ground outside." C, "Aisha puts up her hand to answer the question." Pause the video now.

Well done.

"I will be disappointed." This is in the simple future.

We can see the auxiliary verb, will, and the main verb, be.

"I will be disappointed." It hasn't happened yet.

"The rain fell." Fell tells me this is in a simple past tense.

"Aisha puts up her hand." This is in a simple present tense, it's happening now.

So different forms of the verb to be can show the past, present and future.

Here's our table, past, present, future.

So we've got I was, I was, I am, I will be.

I was tired, I am tired, I will be tired.

We can see there that those forms, all of those are forms of the verb, to be, they can tell us if something is in the past, present and future.

We were, we are, we will be.

She was, she is, she will be.

All of these are different forms of the verb, to be.

And we can see how they can show us the tense, past, present or future.

"These being verbs can be used as auxiliary verbs," helping verbs, "To form different tenses." "These are all forms of the verb, 'to be." Let's, "Sort them into the correct column in the table." So we've got, she was, we are, I will be.

We've got, past, present, and future.

So in the past column we've got, I was, and we were, in the present column, we've got I am, she is.

In the future column, we've got, we will be, she will be.

So you've got to fit where, she was, we are and I will be will go.

Could you pause the video while you do that now? Well done, let's go through the answers.

So first of all, I'm going to look for the future.

I will be, I'm gonna look for that one, because I know it's going to have an auxiliary helping verb.

So I think it's going to be, will be, that's going to go in the future column.

Now I'm going to look for the present, we are, I am, she is, we are.

And now the past, she was.

She was upset, it's already happened, it's in the past.

So, "We have learned about simple tenses so far.

Another type of tense is a progressive tense." This is one of our key words, can you remember? Progressive tense.

Listen to these sentences.

"I am painting at the table." (Mrs. Riley vocalising) "We are working hard." My goodness, we are working hard! "We use a progressive tense to tell us that an action is ongoing." It hasn't finished, it's ongoing.

I like this action, I don't know why.

Ongoing, it's like it's still happening.

Maybe you could do it with me, ongoing.

So, "I am painting at the table." It's something I'm doing and it's still going on.

I haven't finished yet.

"We are working hard." We are working hard right now and it's still going on, we haven't finished our work yet.

This is the progressive tense.

"These actions are continuing." "To form the progressive tense, we use an auxiliary verb from the infinitive, 'to be,' and we add the suffix, 'ing,' to the main verb.

Whoa, that's a lot of information! Let's break it down, let's let it sink in.

To form the progressive tense, we need an auxiliary helping verb from the infinitive, 'To be,' we'll talk about that in a minute, don't worry too much about that yet.

And we add the suffix, that group of letters or letter to, "ing," to the main verb.

That sounds like a lot, but I promise you it's not.

Let's look at some examples.

"I am painting at the table." So am is the auxiliary verb, the little helping verb from to be.

Painting is the, "ing," form of the main verb, paint and we've added the suffix, "ing," painting.

And this is what we do with the progressive tense.

"We are working hard." Are is the auxiliary helping verb, working is the, "ing," form of the main verb.

These sentences are in the progressive present tense.

"I am painting at the table." "We are working hard." We can see here, am and are, those two auxiliary verbs are really helpful, they tell us what tense these sentences are written in.

"The action is still happening." "The auxiliary verb is what changes to show whether the action in the progressive tense is happening in the past, present, or future." Let's break that down again.

The auxiliary verb, the helping verb, is what tells us if this is in the past, present, or future.

Let's look at some examples.

"They are talking." "They were talking." So everything stayed the same.

They and talking has stayed the same, but, "They are talking," that tells me this is in the present, it's happening now, "They are talking." Whereas, "They were talking," tells me that this has happened already, it's in the past.

So talking, the main verb, has stayed the same.

So it's that auxiliary verb, are or were, that has told us the tense.

This is in the progressive past tense, "They were talking." "She is singing." "She will be singing." Will be is the auxiliary verb and it tells us that this is in the progressive future tense.

If we went back and it was, "She is singing," it would be in the progressive present tense.

But it's, "She will be," so it's the progressive future tense.

Let's check our understanding.

"Which of the following would be found in a sentence in a progressive tense?" A, "A verb from, 'to be." B, "A verb ending in 'ly,' or, L,Y.

C, "A verb ending with an, 'ing,' suffix, like making or sleeping.

Or D, "An auxiliary verb." There might be more than one answer.

Which of these would be found in a sentence in a progressive tense? Remember progressive tense, an ongoing action.

Pause the video now! Well done.

So these things would be found in a sentence, in a progressive tense.

"A verb from, 'to be," for instance, I am or he was.

"A verb ending with, 'ing,' or ing suffix.

"I am learning." And, "An auxiliary verb," a helping verb.

"There are three progressive tenses.

Progressive past, progressive present, progressive future." "The auxiliary verb changes in each progressive tense.

The main verb stays in the, 'ing,' form.

Again, that sounds like a lot, but all we're saying is that the main verb stays the same.

Making, I am making, she was making, we will be making.

Making is always going to stay the same, the main verb is staying in the, "ing," form, but the auxiliary verb, the helping verb changes.

"I was praying." "I am praying." "I will be praying." The auxiliary verb based on, "to be," would be was, am or will be.

Praying is the main verb and it stayed the same.

"I was praying," is in the progressive past.

"I am praying," is in the progressive present.

"I will be praying," is in the progressive future.

"We can tell which progressive tense a sentence is by looking at the auxiliary verb, not the main verb." If we look at the main verb, it's gonna give us no help whatsoever.

It's going to probably always be the same with ending an, "ing." It's the little auxiliary verb, the helping verb, that's going to tell us the tense.

"Aisha was talking when she shouldn't have been." Was tells me this is in the progressive past.

"This morning, the birds are singing beautifully." Singing is not what I'm looking at, it's the auxiliary verb are that tells me this is in the progressive present.

"I will be having boiled eggs for breakfast." Again, I'm not looking at the main verb having, I'm looking at, will be, the auxiliary verb.

"I will be," this is in the progressive future.

So let's do our final task for today.

Well done, you are doing so well.

Got one more task left.

You need to circle the auxiliary verb, the helping verb based on to be.

You need to decide if each sentence is written in the progressive past, progressive present or progressive future tense.

"They were kicking the autumn leaves in the air." "Andeep is grabbing his coat before it rains." "We will be visiting grandma next week." "I was getting distracted by the noise outside." "The dog is having puppies." Remember the main verb, kicking, grabbing, visiting, getting, having, is not going to tell us the tense.

We are looking at the auxiliary verb, so circle it and then decide, progressive past, progressive present or progressive future.

So you are going to write, "Progressive past," "Progressive present," or, "Progressive future," on the line next to each sentence.

Good luck, pause the video now.

Well done, let's go through the answers.

"They were kicking the autumn leaves in the air." Were is the auxiliary verb.

It tells me this is in the progressive past.

"Andeep is grabbing his coat." Is is the auxiliary verb, it tells me this is in the progressive present.

"We will be visiting grandma." Will be is the auxiliary verb, it tells me this is in the progressive future.

"I was getting distracted." Was is the auxiliary verb, this tells me this is in the progressive past.

"The dog is having puppies." Is is the auxiliary verb, the main verb is having and this tells me this is in the progressive present.

Wow, we have done so well! Let's go through what we've learned today.

We have learned that, "The verb carries the tense of a sentence." "The progressive tense tells us that the action is ongoing." It hasn't finished yet.

"The progressive tense uses an auxiliary verb from the infinitive, 'to be." We add the suffix, that letter or group of letters at the end of a word, to the main verb and we add the suffix, "ing," to the main verb that is paired with the auxiliary verb, auxiliary verb, mm, "ing," "I was making." "I am learning." "We can tell which progressive tense a sentence is using by looking at the auxiliary verb, not the main verb." Wow, well, well done.

We have done so well! I've learned so much, I hope you've learned a lot as well.

You honestly should feel so proud of yourselves, because I know that was a lot of information for us to digest.

But I hope you are feeling confident with those things that we have learned.

And don't worry if you're not, because these things are things that we will keep coming back to as the year goes on.

So well done and I hopefully will see you again another time, bye!.