Hi, everyone.

My name is Ms. Voyle.

And welcome to today's lesson where you are going to be writing part one of the climax of "The Firework-Maker's Daughter." This lesson is based on the 2018 Penguin Random House UK edition of "The Firework-Maker's Daughter" by Philip Pullman, and you may wish to refer to it.

Pause the video and get your copy of the book now.

Great.

Now I know you have the book with you.

During this lesson, you'll need to be listening and looking carefully.

There'll be tasks where you need somebody to talk to, and you will also need a piece of paper and pen or pencil for writing.

I hope you're feeling excited and ready to learn.

Let's get started.

The learning outcome for today's lesson is, I can write a well-structured paragraph for part one of the climax.

Here are our keywords.

Let's practise saying them.

My turn, your turn.

Text flow.

Adverbial complex sentence.

Fronted adverbial.

Great job.

Well done.

Now let's take a look at their definitions.

Text flow is how a text is written to keep the reader engaged.

An adverbial complex sentence is a sentence formed of a main clause and an adverbial subordinate clause.

A fronted adverbial is a sentence starter followed by a comma.

There are two parts to today's lesson.

In the first part, we will be preparing to write.

And in the second part, you will be writing part one of the climax.

So let's begin with preparing to write.

"The Firework-Maker's Daughter" can be structured like this: opening, build-up, climax, resolution.

In this lesson, we are writing the climax.

The purpose of the climax is to describe the main action and take the suspense and excitement to its highest point.

The climax in chapter five continues to build suspense and causes the reader to question whether Lila will succeed or survive.

Your narrative climax needs to include the following linguistic features: precise and ambitious vocabulary including adjectives, adverbs, and verbs.

You developed these when you were planning.

Show and tell to describe Lila's emotions.

This includes sensory details, actions, and thoughts she was having.

A range of sentence types to improve text flow, simple, compound, and complex sentences, and fronted adverbials of time and manner.

Linguistic features are types of words and language that a writer chooses carefully.

By incorporating all of these linguistic features in your writing, you will be able to produce a wonderfully written climax.

You are going to be writing part one of the climax in "The Firework-Maker's Daughter." Part one of the climax will cover the following key moments for Lila.

Lila entered the Grotto hopeful, but she found only silence and darkness.

A flicker of light became a thousand fireflies who lit up the cave.

The great fire spirit Razvani emerged from the centre of the light.

You will use your plan to support you in writing the climax.

We can use the notes from our plan to form full sentences.

These notes contain precise and ambitious vocabulary that show and tell the reader what happens on Lila's quest and how she is feeling.

Here is an example of some of the notes from our plan.

We have three key moments.

This is an example of the first key moment.

Lila found only silence and darkness when she entered the Grotto, and we developed ambitious adjectives and precise verbs and adverbs for this moment.

Using a range of sentences in our writing helps with text flow and conveys key moments of the climax.

Let's take a look at an example of some sentences formed from these notes from my plan.

As Lila ventured deeper into the rocky chamber, she heard only the sound of stark, deathly silence.

She stared around the hollow chamber and the darkness of the harsh walls crushed her spirit.

There was nothing there.

You will notice that I have used the ambitious vocabulary from my plan to form a range of sentence types here.

Let's check your understanding.

True or false.

When I write the climax, I can just copy out my plan.

Pause the video and select your answer.

That is false.

Well done.

Now it's time to justify.

A, I should use the notes in my plan to form a range of sentences, or B, I should reorder the events from my plan.

Pause the video and select the correct justification.

The answer is A.

Well done.

You should use the notes from your plan to form a range of different sentences.

You should definitely not reorder the events from your plan.

It is important to follow the chronology of your notes when writing the climax.

Let's look at the different sentence types formed from the plan for the first key moment.

I will read them to you again.

As Lila ventured deeper into the rocky chamber, she heard only the sound of stark, deathly silence.

Slowly, she stared around the hollow chamber and the darkness of the harsh walls crushed her spirit.

There was nothing there.

Let's take a look at the different sentence types here.

In the first sentence, the subordinating conjunction as has been used to begin an adverbial clause.

This, joined to a main clause, forms an adverbial complex sentence.

In the second sentence, the coordinating conjunction and has been used to join two main clauses, and this forms a compound sentence.

And the final sentence here is an example of a simple sentence because it has one main clause.

These are really effective for communicating key moments of emotion for Lila, even if they don't explicitly state her emotion.

This is a good example.

There was nothing there.

Pause for a moment and consider how that sentence makes you feel or what you picture.

I wonder how you felt.

For me, it creates feelings of suspense, and I begin to really picture what Lila could see around her if there was nothing.

Let's look at the rules for simple and compound sentences.

A sentence made of just one main clause with just one idea is called a simple sentence.

It contains one main clause.

A compound sentence is a sentence formed of two main clauses and a coordinating conjunction.

Main clause, the coordinating conjunctions are and, or, or but, followed by another main clause.

Let's look at the rules for an adverbial complex sentence.

An adverbial clause is a type of subordinate clause.

It is a group of words that contain a verb and does not make complete sense.

When an adverbial clause is joined to a main clause, it makes an adverbial complex sentence.

We can have the main clause followed by the subordinates clause, or we can begin our sentence with our subordinates clause.

But if we do this, we must have a comma separating it from the main clause that follows.

A range of subordinating conjunctions can be used to begin an adverbial clause.

Each is used for a different purpose.

Let's take a look at some of these subordinating conjunctions.

When, that, because, so, as.

Let's check your understanding of the different sentence types.

Match the sentence types to the correct examples.

The sentence types are, A, simple sentence, B, compound sentence, C, adverbial complex sentence.

I will read the sentence examples to you now.

She began to lose all hope as her eyes despairingly scanned the cave for any sign of light.

Her body sank to the ground.

She searched for any sign of life, but she saw nothing except darkness.

Pause the video and match these sentence types to the correct examples now.

let's take a look at the answers.

The simple sentence is, her body sank to the ground.

This contains one main clause.

The compound sentence is, she searched for any sign of life, but she saw nothing except darkness.

But is the coordinating conjunction that joins the two main clauses here.

And the adverbial complex sentence is, she began to lose all hope as her eyes despairingly scanned the cave for any sign of light.

Here the subordinating conjunction as has been used to begin an adverbial clause.

Well done for showing a great understanding of the different sentence types.

Fronted adverbials support text flow and help build suspense in the climax.

They are always followed by a comma.

Fronted adverbials of time that you might use are: suddenly, just at that moment, eventually.

And fronted adverbials of manner are a great way to add detail to a sentence.

They let the reader know how a character does an action or how a character is feeling.

Here are some examples: cautiously, this means doing something carefully to avoid a problem or danger; frantically, this means doing something in a hurried way due to anxiety or another emotion; despairingly, this means showing a feeling of hopelessness.

Each of these fronted adverbials of manner would add detail to the sentence and could be appropriately used to describe movements within the climax.

Let's check your understanding.

Match the fronted adverbial of manner to the correct main clause.

The fronted adverbials of manner are, A, cautiously, B, frantically, C, despairingly.

The main clauses are, Lila scanned the cave for any sign of light or life.

Lila fell to her knees and sunk her head into her hands.

Lila entered the darkness of the unknown.

Pause the video and match these now.

Let's take a look at the answers together now.

Cautiously, Lila entered the darkness of the unknown.

If you were entering a dark and unknown space, it would make sense to do that cautiously, which means very carefully.

Frantically, Lila scanned the cave for any sign of light or life.

She was desperate to see if she could find any light or life in the cave, so it makes sense that she would do this in a hurried way.

And despairingly, Lila fell to her knees and sunk her head into her hands.

The actions that Lila is making here, falling to her knees and putting her head in her hands, gives us clues that she is feeling despair anyway.

So despairingly would be a great fronted adverbial of manner to use here.

Well done for familiarising yourself with ambitious fronted adverbials of manner, and I hope you are feeling excited to incorporate them in your own writing.

It's now time for a task, and it is a talk task where you are going to orally rehearse the beginning of part one of the climax.

Say the first few sentences of the climax.

Make sure you include the following: precise and ambitious vocabulary from your plan, show and tell to describe Lila's emotions, a range of sentence types including an adverbial complex sentence, and fronted adverbials of time or manner.

Here are some ideas for your starting sentences.

Your first sentence could begin with a fronted adverbial followed by a comma, and the main clause could begin with, Lila ventured.

Your second sentence could begin with an adverbial clause with a comma to separate it from the main clause.

This will help you form an adverbial complex sentence.

Pause the video and do the task now.

Welcome back, I loved listening to your oral rehearsal of part one of the climax, and you did such a fantastic job at incorporating all of the linguistic features.

Let's take a look at a good example together.

Nervously, Lila ventured deeper into the world of the rocky chamber.

As her eyes frantically scanned for signs of light, she began to lose all sense of hope.

She heard only the sound of stark, deathly silence, and the darkness of the cave enveloped her.

There was nothing.

Despairingly, she fell to the ground and clutched her weary face.

We can spot lots of precise and ambitious vocabulary from the plan.

A good example of this is stark, deathly silence.

For show and tell, frantically scanned for signs of light.

Using the adverb frantically lets us know that Lila was doing this action in a hurried way because of unnerving feelings she was having.

For a range of sentence types, including an adverbial complex sentence, the first sentence is an example of a simple sentence.

The next sentence begins with an adverbial clause, as her eyes frantically scanned for signs of light, followed by the main clause.

So this is an example of an adverbial complex sentence.

The third sentence uses the coordinating conjunction and to join two main clauses.

So this is a good example of a compound sentence, and for fronted adverbials of time or manner, we can spot nervously and despairingly.

So those are two good examples of fronted adverbials of manner.

Well done again for your oral rehearsal.

I hope you are now feeling really ready to write.

It's now time for the most exciting part of the lesson where you are going to be writing part one of the climax.

When we write, we always try to do these things: plan and say each sentence before we write it, use punctuation where we know the rules, vary our sentence types, write letters neatly on the line in joined handwriting, sound out words to spell them accurately, read our sentences out loud to check they make sense and edit to improve our writing if necessary.

Here is the success criteria for your writing today.

Let's read over it together.

I have used precise and ambitious vocabulary from my plan, including show and tell to write the climax.

I have written a range of sentence types, including at least one adverbial complex sentence.

I have used at least one fronted adverbial of time and manner.

You'll also use the notes from your plan for your writing today.

Pause the video now and make sure you have your plan with you.

Great, now you have your plan with you, and this will support you with your writing.

I am going to share a model of the first few sentences of the climax with you, and then I'm going to need your help checking it against the success criteria.

Cautiously, Lila ventured deeper into the depths of the rocky Grotto.

Her eyes frantically searched for signs of light, but she could only see the darkness.

Her body sunk to the ground as she lost all hope.

Just then, she noticed a glimmer of crimson flames.

I'd like you to pause the video now and check this writing against the success criteria and see if you can spot where I met each part.

Thank you so much for helping me check my writing.

You were great at spotting where I used the linguistic features.

Let's go over it together.

For I have used precise and ambitious vocabulary from my plan, including show and tell, to write the climax, we have ventured deeper, rocky Grotto, frantically searched, glimmer of crimson flames.

These are all examples of precise and ambitious vocabulary from my plan.

So I can tick that.

For I have written a range of sentence types, including at least one complex sentence, the first is a simple sentence because it contains one main clause.

The next sentence is a good example of a compound sentence using the coordinating conjunction but to join the two main clauses.

Then we have an adverbial complex sentence, which begins with the main clause and uses the subordinating conjunction as to begin the adverbial clause.

Her body sunk to the ground as she lost all hope.

And the final sentence is another example of a simple sentence.

So we can tick that.

And for I have used at least one fronted adverbial of time and manner, the first sentence has a fronted adverbial of manner, cautiously.

And the final sentence has a good fronted adverbial of time, just then, so we can tick that.

It's now time for you to do your writing.

You will use your plan and the success criteria to write part one of the climax.

Remember to include the precise and ambitious vocabulary from your plan and refer back to the success criteria to support you.

An adverbial complex sentence can have the subordinate clause at the beginning with a comma to separate it from the main clause, or the main clause can come fast and be followed by the subordinate clause.

There are also some examples of fronted adverbials of time and fronted adverbials of manner here to support you.

For fronted adverbials of time, you might use suddenly or just then.

And for fronted adverbials of manner, you could use frantically, despairingly.

Pause the video and do your writing task now.

Welcome back, and well done for working so hard on writing part one of the climax.

It's now time for some reflection.

Read your writing back to check it to make sense and edit any punctuation errors.

Then tick each box in the success criteria when you are sure your writing has met it.

Pause the video and do this now.

Well done for reflecting on your writing and making any edits and improvements you needed to.

I am sure you did a great job at meeting the success criteria.

Let's now read over a good example of part one of the climax together.

Nervously, Lila ventured deeper into the world of the rocky chamber.

As her eyes frantically scanned for sign of light, she began to lose all sense of hope.

She heard only the sound of stark, deathly silence, and the darkness of the cave enveloped her.

There was nothing.

Despairingly, she fell to the ground.

Just then, she noticed the slightest flicker of crackling crimson light out of the corner of her eye.

Suddenly, the cave burst into light as a thousand sparkling fireflies danced and dashed around chaotically.

Lila's eyes bulged with wander and amazement.

Then a monstrous ball of fire emerged sternly from the centre of the light.

It was the fire spirit himself, Razvani.

Lila's pulse raced, and she took a deep gulp.

Let's take a look at how this meets the success criteria.

For ambitious vocabulary from my plan, we can see lots of examples of ambitious adjectives, verbs, and adverbs.

We have ventured, frantically scanned, stark, deathly silence.

That's a great expanded noun phrase.

Enveloped is a really ambitious verb.

Crackling crimson light, another powerful expanded noun phrase.

Danced and dashed around chaotically, really ambitious verbs and an adverb to describe those movements.

And a key piece from the plan that we needed to include was show and tell.

My favourite example of this here is, Lila's pulse raced, and she took a deep gulp.

This lets us know that she must have been feeling panic or fear.

So we can tick this part.

For a range of sentence types, including at least one adverbial complex sentence, we can see the sentence, as her eyes frantically scanned for sign of light, she began to lose all sense of hope.

This is a good example of an adverbial complex sentence with the adverbial clause at the front, and it has a comma after it to separate it from the main clause.

The next sentence is a good example of a compound sentence using the coordinating conjunction and to join two main clauses.

There was nothing, is a great example of a simple sentence that can be quite impactful on the reader.

Suddenly, the cave burst into light as a thousand sparkling fireflies danced and dashed around chaotically.

This is another adverbial complex sentence, but this time, the main clause comes fast and the adverbial proverbial clause comes second, so we can tick that.

And for at least one fronted adverbial of time and manner, we can see fronted adverbials of manner, nervously, despairingly, and just then, and suddenly are good examples of fronted adverbials of time, so we can tick that.

We've now come to the end of our lesson, so let's go over a summary together.

The purpose of the climax is to describe the main action and take the suspense and excitement to its highest point.

Precise and ambitious vocabulary shows and tells the reader what happened on Lila's quest and how she was feeling.

Using a range of sentence types improves text flow for the reader and conveys key moments of suspense in the climax.

An adverbial complex sentence is a sentence formed of a main clause and an adverbial subordinate clause.

And fronted adverbials of time and manner supports text flow and help build suspense.

I am really proud of how hard you have worked at producing this piece of writing for the climax.

Well done again.

I have loved teaching you this lesson.