Hi, everybody, I'm Ms. Gardner, and welcome to the next lesson from our unit, the Journey Diary Writing.

Thank you so much for joining in on today's learning.

For this lesson, you will need access to the text, "The Journey" by Francesca Sanna.

So if you need to, you can pause the video now to make sure that you have the book ahead of the lesson.

Okay, great.

Hopefully you all have the book, which means we are ready to get started with today's learning.

So off we go.

In today's lesson, we are going to be looking at what features you can expect to find in a diary entry.

So your learning outcome is, I can identify and analyse layout and linguistic features of a diary entry.

So let's start by looking at the keywords.

We'll do my turn, your turn.

Purpose, recount, layout, linguistic features.

Let's have a look at what these mean.

The purpose of a text is the aim of the text, the reason it was written.

Recount is a piece of writing that recalls an event or experience.

Layout refers to the way a text is structured.

And a linguistic feature is a structure of language that uses words.

So there are two sections for our learning today.

In the first, we'll be looking at the purpose and the layout of a diary entry.

And then we'll be looking at linguistic features of a diary entry.

So let's start with purpose and layout.

So firstly, let's think, what is a diary entry? Pause the video now and have a go at discussing this question with your partner or whoever you're with.

So a diary is a personal book that an individual writes in.

Each time a person writes in their diary, it is called a diary entry.

The purpose of a diary entry is to recount important experiences, so tell the diary what about an experience that happened, and express the feelings about this.

A diary is just for the person writing it to reach.

So it is a personal piece of writing, and it is private to them.

Just checking for understanding, what is the purpose of a diary entry? A, to tell a fictional story.

B, to recount important experiences and express feelings.

Or C, to tell other people about your life.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it is B.

The purpose of a diary entry is to recount important experiences, to recall them, to explain what happened, and to express feelings.

It's not telling a fictional story.

That's a fiction text, a narrative.

It's not going to be C, to tell other people about your life, because the diaries are designed to be a personal piece of writing, a private piece of writing that isn't meant to be read by everybody.

Well done.

So you are going to be writing a diary entry from the perspective of the girl in the journey.

The diary entry will provide a recount of the events and express her emotions and thoughts.

You will write about what happened on their journey and how she's feeling now she's on a train close to safety.

So we're going to read a model diary entry by the main character.

I'm going to read it out loud and you can read it along with me.

"Friday the 5th of March, 2024.

Dear Diary, I'm writing this from a train as we have finally sat down.

We've been walking for days and days and my legs ache so much now.

Every day, I wanted to rest, but Mama said we had to carry on.

I can't believe how far we have travelled.

Home must be hundreds or maybe even thousands of miles away.

When we left in the middle of the night all those days ago, I had no idea how crazy this journey was going to be.

Can you believe this? We actually ran away from a security guard in the middle of the night.

My heart was pounding so fast, it nearly fell out of my chest.

Then, we spent a few nights on a ferry.

My stomach was churning the whole time because the waves were the biggest I've ever seen.

When we finally made it on land, my legs were wobbling like jelly.

I am so happy to be on a seat.

We might be safe now, but I really miss my friends.

I miss my room with all my dolls and the drawings I taped to the walls.

Yesterday, I drew a picture in the dirt with a stick.

It was of a house with a big tree in front, and Mama told me we would be able to stay somewhere like that soon.

A place where we don't have to be afraid.

Maybe then I can draw more pictures, go to school, and have a bed to sleep in.

I'm tired now, Diary.

Mama says we have to wake up early tomorrow.

I hope we find a safe place soon.

Goodnight, Leia." So diary entries follow a specific structure and layout.

Structure and layout refer to the way the writing is organised on the page.

We are going to examine the layout features of Leia's diary entry.

Now, I've named her Leia.

We know that she's not named in the book "The Journey." So you can choose your character's name, or you can use Leia.

What does the structure and layout of a text refer to? A, the type of language used.

B, the genre of writing it belongs to.

Or C, the way the writing is organised on the page.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it is C.

The layout is the way the writing is organised on the page.

So let's have a look at this in a little bit more detail.

Here is the whole diary entry on one slide.

So you can see the whole from start to finish.

The first layout feature we can look at, see, is the date.

A feature of the diary entry is that the date is written on the top of the left side.

This records when the entry was written.

Another feature is the greeting, "Dear Diary,".

It's always "Dear Diary," and it's followed by a comma.

So it's the start of your entry.

So another feature of a diary entry is the use of paragraphs to organise your ideas, in particular, to organise the recount in chronological order.

And then a final layout feature is the sign off, which you can see comes at the end of the diary entry.

In this example, it is "Goodnight, Leia." But this will vary for each diary entry, and of course are personal to the writer.

So checking for understanding, true or false? Diary entries follow a specific structure and layout.

Pause the video now.

That is true.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, they include a title and a summary.

B, they begin with the date and a greeting, then they provide a recount and then sign off.

Pause the video now.

That is B.

Well done.

Right, it is time for task A.

You need to answer the following questions to demonstrate your understanding of a diary entry and its layout features.

So first you're going to discuss with your partner or whoever you're with this question.

Number one, what is the purpose of a diary entry? Then, number two, number the following to show the order in which they appear in a diary entry.

So you have paragraphs to organise recount, greeting, "Dear Diary," a sign off, and a date.

So you need to number these one to four.

So pause the video now, and off you go completing task A.

Well done, everybody, welcome back.

So number one, what is the purpose of a diary entry? Hopefully you said something along the lines of this.

The purpose of a diary entry is to recount experiences and express feelings.

Don't worry if it wasn't exactly the same, but hopefully you said something along these lines.

And then number two, number the following to show the order in which they appear in a diary entry.

Number one was the date.

Number two, greeting, "Dear Diary,".

Number three, paragraphs to organise the recount.

And then four, a sign off.

Great job, everybody, well done.

Okay, it is time for the second section of our lesson where we are looking at linguistic features of a diary entry.

So diary entries have distinctive linguistic features in order to achieve their purpose.

So for example, first person and informal language.

So it is a personal piece of writing about oneself and their own life.

So you'll be writing in the first person, I, me, we, my.

And it's informal language because this is quite a casual piece of writing.

Only you are reading it.

So it doesn't need to be formal.

It will also include past tense to recount experiences and events.

So a recount is about something that has already happened.

So you're recalling the events telling, explaining what happened.

So you'll be writing that in the past tense.

We'll have some fronted adverbials of time, because this clearly sequences the events in a recount chronologically, so in time order.

But you also will have present tense verbs to express current feelings.

So diaries express current emotions based on past events too.

So you'll have a mixture of present and past tense in your diary entry.

So let's have a look at these in a bit more detail.

First person is a key linguistic feature of a diary entry.

Diary entry is written in the first person using the pronoun I.

We also have informal language in a diary entry.

And the language is informal, because the writing is personal and private.

So let's just have a look at these examples.

Can't is an example of informal language.

You can see it in green there.

The reason that's informal is because I've used an apostrophe for contraction.

So it's not can not, it's can't, using the apostrophe, which is more informal.

Also the adjective choice of crazy is quite informal.

And that final sentence using the exclamation mark at the end, "My heart was pounding so fast, it nearly fell out of my chest!" It's almost an exaggeration, so quite informal in style.

So checking for understanding.

Which of the following are key linguistic features of a diary entry? A, first person, B, formal language, C, informal language, or D, third person.

Pause the video now.

That is A, first person, and C, informal language.

Well done.

Okay, another linguistic feature was past tense.

A diary entry includes the use of simple past and progressive past tenses.

So "I wanted" is in the simple past tense.

"My heart was pounding" is in the progressive past tense.

So two different forms of the past tense.

Checking for understanding, true or false? The use of past tense is a key feature in a diary entry.

Pause the video now.

That is true, well done.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, simple past and progressive past tenses are used to recount events.

B, past tense is used to show how the writer is currently feeling.

Pause the video now.

That is A, simple past tense and progressive past tense used to recount those events which happened in the past.

Well done.

We also use the present tense in a diary entry.

A diary entry commonly involves a shift from past tense to present tense, often towards the end, because that's where the writer expresses how they are feeling now.

So you can see in this example, "I really miss," "I'm tired now," and "I hope," these are all in the present tense.

Search for understanding, true or false? The writing in a diary entry is all in past tense.

Pause the video now.

That is false.

Can you use A or B to justify your answer? A, it is all in the present tense.

B, it can shift into present tense when the writer expresses how they are currently feeling.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it is B.

A diary entry includes both present tense and past tense.

Well done.

Okay, and another linguistic feature are fronted adverbials of time.

They are used to help sequence the events in chronological order.

So for example, "Every day" and "Then," these are really useful fronted adverbials for when you are writing a recount.

So checking for understanding, why are fronted adverbials of time a key feature of diary entries? A, they make them more interesting to read.

B, they help sequence a recount of events chronologically.

Or C, they let us know how the writer is feeling.

Pause the video now.

That's right, it's B.

Fronted adverbials of time help to sequence a recount in chronological order.

Well done.

So it's time for task B.

You need to read the diary entry in the additional materials.

Then you need to complete these tasks.

One, find and copy one example of informal language.

Two, give three examples of first person and past tense used during the recount.

Three, give two examples of fronted adverbials of time used.

Four, find and copy one example of present tense to express current feelings.

So pause the video now, and off you go.

Well done, everybody, welcome back.

Let's go through these.

And don't worry if yours aren't exactly the same, 'cause I'm sure there are more than just the examples here, but these are the ones that I've used.

Number one, an example of informal language.

Maybe you could have used "My legs were wobbling like jelly," or, "We have finally sat down." So there's some show, don't tell language and also some exaggeration with the finally in capital letters.

So these are examples of informal language.

Then two, give three examples of first person and past tense used during the recount.

"My stomach was churning." "I had no idea." "We left." "We ran away." These are all in the past tense.

Then three, two examples of fronted adverbials of time used.

"Every day," "Yesterday," and "Then," you could have used any of those three.

And then finally, number four, an example of present tense to express current feelings.

"I can't believe," or "I am writing this," or "My legs ache," or "I miss." These are all in present tense.

So if you need to, you can pause the video now and go back and make any changes or edits to this task.

Otherwise, really well done.

Well done today, everybody.

Here is a summary of everything we've learned.

The purpose of a diary entry is to recount important experiences and express feelings.

A diary entry has a specific layout.

It is written in first person, and it uses informal language.

Simple past and progressive past sentences recount what the writer experienced and felt.

Fronted adverbials of time support in sequencing events in a recount chronologically.

And present tense is used towards the end of a diary entry to show how the writer is feeling now.

Excellent job, everybody, well done.