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Hi there, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that, something to write with and write on, and someone or something to talk to would be great as well.

Let's get right into today's spelling lesson then.

In today's lesson, we're going to be spelling words with the suffix -ed.

The outcome is I can spell words using the suffix -ed when you just add -ed, or remove the E and add -ed.

So we're gonna generate some rules today when adding that suffix.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn, suffix, root word, past tense, verb.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of a word to create a new word.

A root word is that base word onto which we can add a prefix or a suffix.

Past tense indicates an action that has already occurred, that has occurred in the past, and a verb is a doing or a being word.

If you do it or you are it, then the word is a verb.

And today, we're in particular going to be looking at creating past tense verbs by adding our -ed suffix onto some root words.

A suffix then is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a root word.

A root word is the base word from which other words are formed, often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

The past tense shows the action happened before now, happened in the past, and a verb is a doing or a being word.

Here's the outline for today's lesson.

We're spelling words with our suffix -ed.

We're first gonna generate some rules for adding that suffix, and then we're going to practise some spellings and apply those spellings within a sentence.

We're gonna form a sentence and write one.

Let's get on then with generating some rules for using the -ed suffix.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters at the end of a word which creates another word.

Here, my root word is play, and I'm adding my -ing suffix.

It creates the word playing.

There you go, you can see here, bit like our jigsaw pieces.

One piece is my play, the other part is my -ing suffix.

And you'll notice here that my root word play hasn't had to change at all.

This won't always be the case when adding prefixes or suffixes.

Smile here is my root word, and I want to add my -ed suffix, that one that we are looking at today to create the word smiled.

You'll notice here, unlike play and playing, there has been a change here to my root word.

Smile has changed.

I've removed an E, and then added my -ed.

There are lots of different types of suffix, and here you can just see two examples, -ing and -ed, and there are different rules for how we add them, and how the root word changes.

Let's have a read of some words.

My turn, your turn, walked, helped, cried, worried, danced, closed, stopped, clapped.

Pause the video for a moment, and have a look at all of these words.

Perhaps say them again as well.

What do you notice about all of them? Do they have something in common? Pause the video now.

Great, absolutely, we can see here, they all contain our -ed suffix.

These are also verbs in the past tense.

Be careful, because sometimes the ending can sound like a T, D, or an ID, but it is spelled with that suffix -ed.

For instance, the words walked and helped, sounds like a T there at the end, doesn't it? But it's our -ed spelling, so be careful.

Really importantly, though, they are all verbs.

They're all doing or being words.

In these sentences, the past tense indicates that the actions occurred in the past.

She walked to the park yesterday.

That action has already occurred, and so we have our -ed suffix there added to our root word walk.

I worried about the exam last week.

This action has taken place.

The exam was last week, so we had the root word worry, and we've added our -ed suffix to it.

They danced for two hours at the party.

That party has been and gone.

That dancing has occurred in the past, they danced.

He closed the door behind him when he left.

That action has already taken place.

That person has left, they've closed that door behind them, past tense.

The verbs are in the past tense form, which often includes adding the suffix -ed, not always, there are some irregular verbs that won't have -ed at the end of them for their past tense, but it's a very common way of creating past tense verbs, adding that -ed suffix.

So let's have a little check and see if you can understand what it is we are doing today.

I'd like you to choose the correct words from below to complete these sentences.

You can see there's six words there, but only three gaps, so you need to think about what the missing words are.

I'll read to you the sentence first.

<v ->ed is a type of mm that is added to the mm of a word.

</v> When -ed is added to the end of word, it usually shows the mm tense.

Pause the video, and select the correct words now to fill these gaps and say the sentence, off you go.

Okay, well done, team.

So -ed is a type of suffix, remember, a group of letters that we add to the end of a word.

When -ed is added to the end of a word, it usually shows the past tense, okay? Actions that have already taken place.

Pause the video now, and read this sentence to yourself.

So look at what happens when the suffix -ed is added to these verbs.

Let's see if we can start spotting any patterns and rules.

My root word here is walk.

I want to create the past tense verb walked.

I'm gonna add -ed, yep, simple.

I just add ed here to my root word.

Help is my root word, and I want to create the word helped.

Again I'm just adding -ed.

Ask or ask like you ask a question, it's gonna become asked or asked depending on how you pronounce it, and again we just add -ed.

Be careful, 'cause it sounds like a T here, doesn't it? But we know it's our -ed suffix.

So what have you noticed here? What's happening each time? Does our root word change at all? Pause the video, and see what you spot.

Brilliant, some great word consciousness and thinking going on there.

Absolutely, we can see here that in this instance, we are just adding -ed to our root word, and our root word is not changing at all.

The root word has not changed.

Often, we can just add the suffix -ed to the root word without changing it.

This isn't always the case, though, but it often is.

So here we have talk.

Be careful, it's quite a tricky word to spell, because it looks like talc, doesn't it? Talk, it's making an aw sound, that AL spelling.

Becomes talked.

Play becomes played.

Call, hmm, how do you think I'm gonna spell the word called? Think about the rule that we've just generated.

Do you think that root word's going to change? Pause the video, and spell out the word called now.

Great job, absolutely, our root word doesn't change.

We just add our -ed suffix to turn call into a past tense verb.

This usually happens when the root word ends in two consonant letters.

So if we look here, we have LK in talk, and LL in call.

Now, play is making that long A sound there, isn't it, ending in that Y? We're not going to double the Y or anything, we're just going to add our -ed.

This can also be when the root word ends with Y in a digraph like ay or oy, so we have a digraph, two letters making that one sound there.

So if it ends in an oy or an ay, we just add -ed as well, ending in that Y.

So two consonants, just add -ed, and ay, oy, that digraph of a Y there, just add -ed too.

So what will the spelling of these words be when the suffix -ed is added? Enjoy, how are you going to spell enjoyed? Pause the video, spell it out now.

Great, what about helped? And called? Pause the video, and spell out the next two, helped and called as well.

How are they going to be spelled? Is the root word going to change? Pause the video.

Great job, so let's look.

Enjoy ends in that O-Y, oy digraph, and we've said if it ends in that, we just add -ed.

Help ends in two consonants, LP.

We're just going to add -ed, and call becoming called, two consonants, double L, just adding -ed.

The spelling of the root word can help us to work out the new spelling.

If we know that it ends in two consonants, we're just gonna add -ed.

If it ends in that Y with a digraph like ay or oy, we're just going to add -ed.

Now look at what happens when the suffix -ed is added to these verbs, because it's not always the case that we just add -ed.

Smile, I want to write the word smiled, there you go.

Bake becomes baked.

Hope becomes hoped.

What do you notice here? Is the root word staying the same this time, or is something changing? Pause the video and have a think.

Great, absolutely, the root word has changed here.

We've removed the E before adding our -ed suffix.

So smile, bake, and hope all end in that E.

We're gonna chop that E off, and then add our -ed suffix.

Otherwise, smile would become smiled with two E's, or baked would become baked with two E's, and hope would become hoped with two Es, which just wouldn't look right, would it? So our rule here is rather than just adding -ed, if the word ends in an E, we need to chop that E off, and then add our -ed suffix.

So how will these words that end with an E be spelt when we add our -ed suffix? We have danced, closed, liked.

Pause the video, and have a go at thinking about how these words would be spelt when we add -ed.

Remember they end in E.

What was our rule when the word ends in an E? Pause the video, and spell them now.

Great job, so remember dance, close, and like all end in an E, so we're going to remove the E to write danced, we're going to remove the E and add -ed to write closed, and we're going to remove the E and then add -ed for liked.

Remember the spelling of that root word can inform you as to how to spell the new word.

Because these words all end in E, we remove the E, and then add our -ed suffix.

There you go.

So we've generated two rules so far today, just add -ed, and remove the E and add -ed, and here's some examples, walk, help, and play, just adding -ed.

Walk and help both end in two consonants, so we just add -ed, and play ends in that Y with an ay or an oy sound, so we just add -ed, and smile, bake, and hope all end in E, so we remove the E and then we add -ed.

Root words often end in two consonant letters when we just add -ed.

The root word ends in an E when we remove the E and add -ed.

So which rule is used here? Is it just adding -ed, or remove the E and add -ed? And you can see here, we've got our word pairs below, smile and smiled, play and played, call and called.

Could you match them to which rule is being used, just adding -ed, or removing the E and adding -ed? Pause the video and match them now.

Well done, team, let's have a look then.

So smile and smiled, I think it looks like I've removed the E and then added -ed.

Play and played, I've just added -ed, and call and called, ending in a double consonant, so I'm going to add -ed.

Brilliant, pause the video and see how you did.

Okay, so for our practise task here, you're going to put the root words into the correct column to show what will happen when we add the suffix -ed.

Are we just gonna add -ed, or are we gonna remove the E and add -ed? Let's read the root words first, help, close, stay, dance, jump, like.

Pause the video, and put them into the correct columns now, and add that -ed suffix, off you go.

Brilliant job.

Let's see how you've done then, team.

Help became helped, we just added an -ed, stay had that ay, so we just added an -ed, and jump had MP, two consonants at the end, so we just added -ed.

Close had an E, dance, had an E, and like had an E, so we removed the E on all of them, and then added -ed.

Pause the video, see how you did.

So onto my next learning cycle then, we're going to practise and apply spellings, and write a sentence.

So let's read the following word, circle, circle.

What do you notice about this spelling? What's slightly strange about it? It's a common exception word, which means it doesn't follow our regular phonics patterns.

Circle has a soft C and a hard C.

That first C at the beginning, ss, cir, is a soft C, and then we have a c, l, a hard C.

It is a curriculum word, and helpful to remember for our writing, 'cause it appears very often.

Which is the correct spelling of the word circle? Pause the video and select it now.

Well done, so some of them are definitely phonetically plausible, aren't they? But remember, this is a common exception curriculum word, and it has a soft C and a hard C, so our correct spelling is C.

I'm sure you're all pointing at it vigorously for me.

So now we can practise spelling words using the two rules that we've been looking at today when adding our -ed suffix.

Remember, the two rules are just adding -ed, or removing the E and adding -ed.

When adding, just adding -ed, often it's because that word ends in two consonant letters, and when we're removing an E and adding an -ed, it's because that root word ends in an E.

So choose the correct spelling in each sentence.

I hoped there were chips for lunch.

He baked a cake for my birthday.

She was friendly and smiled at me.

Pause the video, and select the correct spelling in each sentence.

Well done, team, let's have a look at these then.

I hoped there were chips for lunch.

Now, my root word hope is spelled H-O-P-E, which means it ends in an E, and we know our rule is chop the E off and then add -ed.

The other word here would be hopped, which would be doubling our consonant P, 'cause there's a short vowel there, and then -ed, so it is a word but it's not hoped, it's hopped.

He baked a cake, hmm.

No word should have that EE, then the D should it? We know that.

We're gonna remove the E and then add our -ed, so the correct spelling is this one here, and then smiled, looks like we're missing a letter in that first one.

We need our E, don't we? For our -ed suffix, to show that it's past tense, so this is our correct spelling here.

Pause the video, and check and see how you did.

So what I'd like you to do now is I'd like you to add the suffix -ed to these verbs.

You've got the word play, smile, call, and help.

Think about the rules we've looked at today.

Are you just going to add -ed, or are you going to remove something and then add -ed? Pause the video, and add the suffix -ed to these verbs now to create past tense verbs, off you go.

Great job, all.

So play is going to become played.

Is my root work going to change? No, it's going to stay the same, and I'm just going to add my -ed to make it a past tense verb, so this is my correct spelling.

Smiled, think about this one, it ends in that E.

What do we have to do? We gotta remove the E and then add -ed, so our correct spelling is this one.

Call ends in that double consonant there, doesn't it? So we're just going to add -ed, and our root word's not going to change.

It's a strange spelling though, that A-L-L, all spelling.

And then helped, remember, -ed here, 'cause it's that past tense verb, not a T, although it sounds like a T, and we need to make sure it's -ed, and our root word's not going to change at all.

Help, helped, so this is our correct spelling.

Pause the video now, and see how you did.

Great job.

So we are going to write a sentence now containing some of our focus spellings using this -ed suffix.

When we write the whole sentence, we need to do several things at once.

We need to remember that whole sentence, we need to sound out each word, we need to think of our spelling rules that we've been looking at, which are those two rules today, just adding -ed, or removing the E and adding -ed, and we also need to look out for common exception and curriculum words, so those words that don't follow our regular phonics patterns are words that are important for us to know, and of course, remembering our sentence punctuation, capital letters, and full stops.

So just listen to me say the sentence first of all.