Lesson video

Hello, it's Mrs. Smart.

Welcome back to this English unit about journalistic writing.

In today's lesson, we're going to be practising using direct and reported speech in preparation for writing our quotes paragraph in our next lesson.

In this lesson you will need an exercise book or some lined paper, a pen or pencil, and your quotes plan.

Remember you wrote your speech bubbles for four different people in our last lesson.

You need that to help you with writing direct and reported speech today.

If you don't have any of those things with your right now, just pause the recording and go and get them.

In today's lesson we're going to start with focusing on direct speech and we're going to look at the structure for speech first followed by speech second.

Then we're going to have a look at the difference between direct speech and reported speech.

Lastly, you have an opportunity to apply all of your learning in your independent task.

What are the key components of speech first? That's when we use speech at the beginning of our sentence.

Have a look at the speech sentence on the screen.

"I didn't recognise him," explained Mrs. Puckett's neighbour.

What would you say are the key pieces of punctuation or the key words or types of words in that sentence? Think back to our previous lesson where we learned about direct speech and how to punctuate it accurately.

Pause the recording and write down any of your ideas now.

Here you can see I've highlighted the key components of speech first in pink.

So we can see we've got our open speech marks or our inverted commas which is a little bit like our bread in our sandwich.

Then we've got our capital letter which is a little bit like our tomato in our sandwich.

Our speech is our filling so it might be cheese in your sandwich or ham or tuna.

And then it's really important we have that second tomato, that piece of punctuation at the end and that can be a comma, an exclamation mark or a question mark.

And then we must always finish speech with closing our speech marks or inverted commas, got to always put that second slice of bread on top of our sandwich.

And then you'll notice I underlined the word explained.

Explained is a verb.

It's also a synonym for said.

That means another word for said, another word we can use instead of using said.

Can you punctuate these sentences? I heard glass smash a dog walker.

I think one of them was holding a stick the delivery man.

So you need to think about putting in the correct punctuation, the speech first, and I also want you to think of an appropriate synonym for said, a verb, that you could put where the line is in the sentence.

I've left out a word in each sentence.

So pause the recording and copy down those sentences, adding in the correct punctuation and the synonym for said now.

Off you go.

Let's have a look at the answers.

So hopefully you had your speech marks around your speech, you ended your speech with a comma and then closed your speech marks.

And then you may have a variety of different words for said.

I've used the word described in the first sentence and reported in the second.

So the sentences ready "I heard glass smash," described a dog walker.

"I think one of them was holding a stick," reported the delivery man.

I've tried to choose appropriate synonyms for said that I could use in a newspaper report because that's what we're going to be writing in the next lesson.

What are the key components of speech second? When I say speech second, I mean a sentence which uses speech at the end of the sentence.

The sentence finishes with speech.

Let's look at this example.

The dog walker commented, "I heard raised voices coming from inside the house." Can you identify the key components of this sentence? What are the key pieces of punctuation and what are the key words or types of words that you notice? It'll be quite similar to speech first, but there are a couple of little differences.

Pause the recording and either have a think or write down your answers now.

Okay, let's have a look at this example again.

So we've got the dog walker commented.

Again, the word commented is a verb.

It's also a synonym for said, another word for said.

So the dog walker is commenting, she's commented.

And then I must follow that before I start my speech with a comma.

That's really, really important and often children and adults forget that comma before they start their speech so don't forget it.

Then we've got our open speech marks, like our bread at the beginning of our sandwich, our capital letter, our tomato, our speech, I heard raised voices coming from inside the house, that's our filling.

Then our tomato is our full stop, but that could be an exclamation mark or a question mark and then lastly closing our speech marks or our inverted commas by putting that final slice of bread on top of our sandwich.

Well done if you identified all of those features.

Can you punctuate these sentences? The police number 1 Cherry Pot Lane is currently a crime scene.

Mrs. Puckett's neighbour I saw a suspicious looking individual approach the house.

You need to copy these sentences onto your paper, add in an appropriate verb or synonym for said where I put a line, and then put in the correct punctuation around the speech.

Pause the recording and off you go.

Let's see how you got on.

The police announced, so I've used the word announced, but you may have used a different synonym for said.

Comma, inverted commas, capital letter for N, Number 1 Cherry Pot Lane is currently a crime scene, full stop, close speech marks.

Did you remember all of those parts? Well done if you did.

The second sentence says Mrs. Puckett's neighbour recounted, you might have used a different synonym for said, comma, open speech marks, capital letter, I saw a suspicious looking individual approach the house, full stop and close speech marks or inverted commas.

Well done if you remembered all of those pieces of punctuation.

Speech second is really tricky.

Now we're going to have a look at reported speech.

I've got two sentences below and I want you to think about what's the difference between direct and reported speech.

The first sentence is in direct speech.

It's got speech marks or inverted commas around the speech.

That's a good way of identifying it easily.

"I heard glass smash," explained a local dog walker.

The second sentence, I've used the same speech but I've changed it into reported speech and this is a structure we often use in newspaper reports.

A local dog walker explained that she heard glass smash.

Can you identify the differences between those two sentences.

Pause the recording and write down your ideas now.

Okay, the first sentence of direct speech, of course, has speech marks or inverted commas and the normal punctuation that we've learned for direct speech.

The reported speech sentence still uses the same synonym, explained, but it's followed by the word that.

So whatever synonym for said you used you're always going to follow it with that and then you're going to report what the person said.

That means you're not going to quote directly what they said, you're just going to report what they've said.

So you'll notice rather than I heard glass smash, because that's exactly what she was saying, I reported that she said she heard glass smash because I'm talking, I'm referring to someone else.

Can you change the direct speech into reported speech? "I think one of them was holding a stick," reported the delivery man.

The dog walker commented, "I heard raised voices coming from inside the house." Can you change those two sentences into reported speech? Remember you need that synonym for said, followed by that, and then you're not going to use the word I because you're not quoting exactly what they've said, you're reporting what they've said.

So you're going to use a pronoun instead.

Pause the recording and write down your sentences now.

Let's see how you got on.

"I think one of them was holding a stick," reported the delivery man, should be changed into, the delivery man reported that he thought one of them was holding a stick.

So you'll also notice rather than writing he thinks in present tense it needs to be in the past tense because I'm reporting what he said, he said it in the past.

So the delivery man reported that he thought one of them was holding a stick.

Well done if you got that correct.

Here's the second example.

The dog walker commented, "I heard raised voices coming from inside the house." In reported speech we should write, the dog walker commented that she heard raised voices coming from inside the house.

So again I've got commented that and then instead of using the word I heard raised voices, I'm telling my reader what someone else has said in the past so I've written she heard raised voices.

And the advantage of using reported speech in a newspaper report is that we can slightly change what people have said.

We don't have to quote directly what's come out of their mouths.

We can slightly adapt and change it, which can be useful sometimes in newspaper reports.

For your task today, I would like you to write three sentences of speech to use in your quotes paragraph.

Use your plan to help you remember those speech bubbles that you thought of in a previous lesson.

I want you to write one sentence of direct speech using speech first, so speech at the beginning of the sentence, one sentence of direct speech using speech second, so your speech at the end of your sentence, and then I want you to use one sentence of reported speech.

Remember synonym, that, and then you're going to refer to them as a pronoun.

So he or she, not using the pronoun I.

So in our lesson today, we have covered direct speech, speech first, direct speech, speech second, and you identified some of the key features and you punctuated your own sentences.

Then we moved onto learn about reported speech and we looked at the differences between direct speech and reported speech and you had a go at changing sentences from the direct speech structure into the reported speech structure.

Now I want you to complete your task where you're consolidating all of that learning from today's lesson.

Congratulations.

You have completed your lesson for today.

If you would like to, please share your work with your parents or carer.

I will see you in our next English lesson.

Goodbye!.