Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that someone to talk to or someone to talk with, and also something to write with and write on will be excellent too.

Right, let's not waste a moment then.

Let's get right into our spelling lesson.

In today's spelling lesson, we are going to be spelling further compound words.

The outcome will be, I can spell compound words.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Make sure I can hear you saying these back to me.

Noun, compound word, hyphen.

Brilliant.

Let's have a chat about what these words mean then.

A noun is a naming word for people, places, or things, a compound word is two or more words joined together, and a hyphen is a punctuation mark that can join two or more words to make a compound word.

Here's the outline for today's lesson.

We're spelling compound words, we're gonna look at more compound words to begin with, then we're gonna spell some curriculum words, and finally, we'll get to apply the spellings within a sentence.

Let's get on with looking at some compound words then.

Compound words are formed when two or more root words are added together to create a new and longer word.

Here we have the two words man and kind.

They are root words.

We put them together to create a new word, mankind.

Here we have earth and worm.

We put them together to create earthworm.

Here we have green and house.

We put those together to create greenhouse.

Notice here how the spelling of those original root words has not changed, but we've created a new word by joining them together.

A compound word.

There are many examples of compound words.

The spelling of the original word stays the same.

Let's read some compound words then.

My turn, your turn.

Toothpaste, bedroom, skyscraper, haircut, father-in-law, six-pack, old-fashioned.

All of these words are made up of two or more words.

In the example of father-in-law, we can see it's made up of three words, and it's still a compound word.

You may also notice that the final three words here have one of our key words in hyphens.

Say that for me.

Hyphens.

It's that dash-like piece of punctuation which is used to join those words together to create compound words.

We're gonna be looking at these hyphenated compound words in a bit more detail later.

Notice as well that the spelling of the original words, which is making up these compound words, has not changed.

The spelling of each word in the compound word has not changed them.

Any and where join together to create anywhere.

Eye and ball join together to create eyeball and the spelling of eye and ball has not changed.

And middle-aged.

Notice with this word, we have that key word hyphen between the original root words middle and aged.

Although their spelling has not changed, we've added that hyphen to create the compound word middle-aged.

So someone in the middle of their life.

Have a look here for me, A, B, and C.

Select the compound words in each sentence, the words which are made up of two or more words where the spelling of the original words has not changed.

Pause the video, read those sentences, and find the compound words now.

Off you go.

Excellent job, team.

Looking up, there were towering skyscrapers.

Hmm, well, I can see some words in a word here, like in the word looking, I can see look, and in the word towering, I can see tower.

But I-N-G is a suffix, isn't it? It's not a word in its own right.

So my compound word here is skyscrapers.

Brilliant.

And I've added my S suffix onto the end of scraper to make it plural, more than one skyscraper.

Skyscrapers.

It's made up of the word sky and scraper, skyscrapers.

In B.

I'm getting my haircut during the holidays.

Again, I can see some words in words here, but there's only one compound word here where the spelling of those original root words has stayed the same in creating our new word.

And that is hair and cut, haircut.

Brilliant.

And in C, this one uses one of our key words, hyphens.

Some of his clothes were very old-fashioned.

Our compound word here is old-fashioned, and we've joined them together with that hyphen to create old-fashioned, from the past.

Brilliant.

When two or more words are joined together to form one noun, the spelling of the individual words does not change.

Space and ship are joined together to create the noun spaceship.

The spellings of space and ship has not changed, but they're now joined together to create that compound word.

Fair and ground creates fairground, where you might go to go on some rides.

Fire and fly create firefly, that new noun.

These compound words have no space between the words.

They are known as, my turn, your turn, solid compound words.

Solid in that they are all one piece together, with no hyphen to separate them.

One more time.

Solid compound words.

Could you please match the root words that can be joined to make a new compound words? And these are all solid compound words.

Read the words on the left, read the words on the right, and find the words that match up to create solid compound words.

Pause the video.

Off you go.

Great job, team.

Let's see how you've done then.

Let's see which solid compound words you've managed to create.

So wind and mill go together to create the word windmill, hair and cut come together to create the word haircut, cow and boy come together to create cowboy, and bed and room come together to create the solid compound word bedroom.

I'm sure you managed to create those.

Well done.

Sometimes, though, words are joined together with, my turn, your turn, a hyphen separating each of the words.

Let's have a look at this keyword hyphen in action.

We have up to date.

We join these together to create the compound word up-to-date.

And you'll notice we have two hyphens here.

Middle and aged.

We have a hyphen here to create middle-aged.

And make up.

You've joined these words together to create make-up that you might put onto your face.

These are known as, my turn, your turn, hyphenated compound words.

Brilliant.

Because they all work together as one word, but each of the individual parts are separated by a hyphen.

The hyphen can help to make the word easier to read.

Otherwise, it might be quite tricky to clearly read each part of the word.

A hyphen is often used when one of the words ends in a vowel, and the next word also begins in a vowel.

Look at these words again, this time without hyphens.

Uptodate, middleaged, makeup.

You'll notice in middle-aged and makeup, middle ends in an E, aged begins with an A.

In makeup, make ends in an E, and up begins with a U.

So because we have two vowels next to each other, this is why we use a hyphen.

It's sometimes difficult to know whether there should be a hyphen or not, but you can often tell by looking at a compound word, up-to-date needs to have hyphens, middle-aged needs to have a hyphen, and make-up needs to have a hyphen, because we wouldn't often have two vowels next to each other in the word like that.

Importantly, as well, checking a dictionary is often a good idea, as some countries use different spellings.

For instance, the British spelling is make-up with the hyphen as the compound word, but the American spelling is makeup as all one word with those vowels next to each other.

Could you identify the compound words that should have a hyphen from these four? Have a look carefully.

There's two in there.

Pause the video and select them now.

Brilliant job.

So we've got A, somewhere.

Hmm, I think we've looked at that one already.

Some and where.

I don't think that needs to have a hyphen.

Father-in-law.

I think we've looked at that one.

That should be hyphenated.

Yep, this one here.

And middle-aged.

Oh, we've got the E and the A next to each other there.

That should be hyphenated as well.

Middle-aged to create my compound word.

And bedroom.

That looks fine to me.

Bed room, bedroom, compound word.

So father-in-law and middle-aged should be hyphenated there.

They're hyphenated compound words, not solid compound words.

Sometimes, two words that are separated still behave as one noun as well.

Full moon, living room, post office, science fiction.

We call these open compound words.

My turn, your turn.

Open compound words.

They remain separated but work together as one noun, and they also do not have a hyphen.

They're neither solid nor hyphenated.

They are open compound nouns.

The words remain apart but are considered compound words because they created a word with new meanings.

Individually, the words may not be nouns.

If you read them together, they are compound words though, compound nouns, which are nouns.

Have a look here.

Think about all of the compound words that we've just looked at.

I'd like you to fill in the blanks in the following sentence for me.

Two words joined together to form one word are called (grunts) compound words.

Two words join together with a hyphen are called (grunts) compound words.

Two words that are separate but are still behaving as one word are called (grunts) compound words.

Have a look at the words below.

Could you complete the sentences for me and put in the correct type of compound words for me? Off you go.

Fantastic job.

So two words joined together to form one word are called solid compound words.

Two words joined together with a hyphen are called hyphenated compound words.

Two words that are separate but still behaving as one word are called open compound words.

So we so far today have looked at solid compound words, hyphenated compound words, and open compound words.

Let's have a look then at some different compound words.

We're gonna have a go here at using the look, cover, write, check strategy to help us practise them.

We've got the solid compound word fairground, the hyphenated compound words middle-aged and old-fashioned, and the open compound word science fiction.

We are going to use a look, cover, write, check strategy, which means we look carefully at the spelling.

So fairground, this is a solid compound word.

Cover it up, have to go at writing in my neatest handwriting, and then check and see how I've done against it.

And I do this more than once to really embed that spelling into my long-term memory.

So I would like you now to pause the video and have a go at writing out these words using that look, cover, write, check strategy As you are writing, think, is this a solid, hyphenated, or open compound word? Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

So I'm hoping that you have something that's a bit like this with fairground, middle-aged, old-fashioned, and science fiction all written out.

Key things to remember.

Fairground is a solid compound word, so both words are together, but the spelling of those original words hasn't changed.

Middle-aged and old-fashioned are hyphenated compound words, so you have to remember that hyphen.

And science fiction remain separated.

They are open compound word.

So onto our next learning cycle, which is spelling curriculum words.

Let's read some words that are curriculum words, which means they're going to appear a lot in our reading and writing.

We have the word natural.

That geographical feature occurs naturally.

Natural.

Pressure.

I squeezed my hands together and created pressure.

Strange.

What a strange idea.

What do you notice about these spellings? There's something a bit difficult about all of them, given how they're spelt and how we pronounce them.

Say these words again.

Natural, pressure, strange.

What do you spot? Pause the video and have a think.

Lovely.

Some brilliant spelling thinking going on there.

Here's a few things that I've noticed about them.

In natural, it can be difficult to hear the U.

Also, it sounds a bit like a ch sometimes, natural, but it's N-A-T-U-R-A-L.

We know we're getting this from the word nature, aren't we? In pressure, that double S makes a sh sound.

Pressure.

Also, be careful.

It's U-R-E.

And in strange, the G-E is making a J, J, J sound, isn't it, at the end.

The N can be difficult to hear when it is spoken as well.

Strange.

It's not particularly clear, so be careful with these words.

Natural, pressure, strange.

Let's take a snapshot of these curriculum words right now.

(Mr. Moss imitates camera clicking) Brilliant.

I've stuck 'em into my memory.

With that in mind, select the correct spelling for this sentence.

Her natural hair colour is blonde.

So the one that she naturally has, is naturally occurring.

Natural.

Pause the video, select the correct spelling now.

Off you go.

Fantastic.

Remember, it's N-A-T-U-R-A-L, natural, natural.

Excellent.

Remember our root word there is nature, N-A-T-U-R-E.

Which of these are spelled correctly? Quickfire round.

Point to the correct spelling of pressure for me.

What was tricky about this one? Point to it now.

Fantastic.

Remember, it's that double S U-R-E, that double S making that sh sound, pressure.

Quickfire round, point to the correct spelling of strange.

What a strange idea.

Point to it now.

Brilliant.

Remember, it's that G-E making that J sound at the end strange.

And it has that N in it.

Strange, S-T-R-A-N-G-E.

Fantastic.

So we're gonna use this strategy again.

Look, cover, write, check.

You're gonna look carefully at each of the spellings, consider and remember what's difficult about them, cover them up, have a go at writing in your neat handwriting, check back, and do this a few times so you really embed that spelling into your long-term memory.

Also, don't forget to use your best handwriting, best cursive handwriting.

So it's gonna make that link between your hand and your brain.

Brilliant.

Pause the video now, have a go at writing natural, pressure, and strange.

Off you go.

Excellent job, team.

So I'm hoping you've got natural, pressure, and strange written out like this.

Remember, in natural, you've got that T-U, in pressure, you've got that double S for that sh, and in strange, you've got that G-E, that N-G-E, in fact, making that J sound at the end.

Do you have any corrections to make? Pause the video and makes those corrections now.

Excellent then.

Onto our final learning cycle, applying spellings within a sentence.

We are going to write a sentence containing some of our focus spellings now.

When we write the whole sentence, we need to do several things at once.

Remember the whole sentence, sound out each word, think of our spelling rules.

So remember those three types of compound words that we've been looking at today, solid, hyphenated, and open.

And look out for those common, exceptional curriculum words.

Remember those curriculum words we just looked at? And remembering our sentence punctuation.

I'd like you to listen to me say the sentence first of all, so use your incredible hearing and listen to me say it a number of times.

After his haircut, he went to the fairground wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

After his haircut, he went to the fairground wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

So we're gonna use some strategies to help us remember this sentence now.

The first is for you to repeat the sentence several times out loud.

After his haircut, he went to the fairground wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

After his haircut, he went to the fairground wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

The next is to picture what's happening in your head.

Picture going to the fairground, picture those strange old-fashioned shoes, picture the haircut.

I'll say it.

Try and picture what I'm saying.

After his haircut, he went to the fairground wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

I wonder what you were seeing in your mind there.

And finally, counting how many words there are.

After his haircut, one word, he went to the fairground, one word, wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

Be careful of old-fashioned.

Think about the hyphenated compound words we've been looking at.

So I'm gonna read the sentence one more time.

Remember to sound out each word, keep an eye and a ear out for those curriculum words, and don't forget your sentence punctuation.

Not only capital letters and full stops, but any other punctuation that might be in the sentence.

Consider what type of sentence it is.

I'll say it one more time.

After his haircut, he went to the fairground wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

Have a go at writing that sentence.

Pause the video, off you go.

Incredible work, everyone.

Really, really great job.

Lovely punctuating, lovely handwriting, and great consideration for those different types of compound words that we've been looking at.

So let's check our work now and make any corrections.

After his haircut, remember haircut, compound words.

That's one of our solid compound words that comes together.

We also need a comma here because we have our subordinate clause first here.

He went to the fairground.

Another compound word, fair and ground.

It's one of our solid compound words.

Wearing.

Be careful with that one.

Wear, E-A-R, wearing a strange.

That's one of those curriculum words.

N-G-E.

Strange pair of old-fashioned.

Ah, one of our hyphenated compound words there, old-fashioned shoes.

And, of course, a full stop.

After his haircut, he went to the fairground wearing a strange pair of old-fashioned shoes.

How did you get on there? Do you have any corrections to make? Did you make any matching mistakes? Share your learning and make those corrections now.

Great job in spelling today, team.

Remember, a solid compound noun has two or more words joined together to make one word.

A hyphenated compound noun has a hyphen separating two or more words.

An open compound noun has two words that are separated but are still behaving as one noun or one word.

And a solid compound noun is often the clearest way to combine two words to make a compound noun.

Keep an eye out for any compound words in your reading and writing.

Keep up the great spelling practise as well, and I'll see you again soon.