Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, I love spelling, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write with and write on and someone or something to talk to would be great as well.

Well, let's get on with today's spelling lesson then.

In today's spelling lesson, we're going to be spelling words with the suffix -ous, or "eus," and that's including words that end in -ious and -eous.

Our outcome is "I can spell words using -ious and -eous." Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Make sure I can hear you say these back to me and please keep an eye and an ear out for them as they're going to be very key to today's learning.

Suffix.

Root word.

Pronunciation.

Adjective.

Good job.

I can hear you all saying them there.

Let's have a chat about what these words mean, then.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of a word or end of a root word to create a new word.

The suffix that we are looking at adding today is -ous, isn't it? And we're spelling words with -ious and -eous at the end of them.

A root word is that base word onto which we add prefixes or suffixes to create new words.

The pronunciation is the way in which a word is spoken.

And an adjective describes a noun.

It tells you what it's like.

So today we are going to be taking root words and adding that -ous suffix on.

Sometimes the words will have -ious and sometimes they'll have -eous, and we're gonna be considering the spelling versus the pronunciation of these adjectives that we're creating.

So here's this lesson outline for today.

We're spelling words with the suffix -ous, including -ious and -eous.

We're gonna look first of all at some words that contain the spelling -ious and -eous and then we're gonna practise and apply the spellings in sentence, practise and apply those spellings.

So let's get on with spelling words with -ious and -eous.

Remember, that the suffix is a letter or group of letters that we attach to the end of a root word to create a new word.

Unlike prefixes, suffixes often change the words tense or word class.

And the spelling of that root word will also often change as well.

Here I have the root word "offer," and I'm adding the -ed suffix to create "offered." Here I have "danger" as my root word.

Danger is a noun.

If I add the -ous suffix, as you can see here as my second jigsaw piece, it creates the word "dangerous." This is then an adjective.

Adding the -ous suffix has changed the word class of the root word.

Here we have "shop," and I'm adding the -ing suffix to create the word "shopping." Interestingly here, unlike "offer" and "offered" and "danger" and "dangerous," "shop" to "shopping" has led to an additional letter being added.

This is sometimes the case with some suffixes.

They require a change in the root word or an additional letter to be added before the suffix is added.

There are lots of different types of suffix, and here we just have three -ed -ing and -ous.

Remember that today we're concentrating on that -ous suffix and that -ous suffix often spelled -ious or -eous.

There are lots of different types of suffixes that I'm sure you know and have learned about.

And remember, dependent on the root word and the suffix, there can often be changes to that root word when the suffix is added.

Sometimes it'll stay the same though.

So these words all end with the suffix -ous.

Let's have a look at them.

My turn, your turn.

Poisonous.

Dangerous.

Famous.

Various.

Humorous.

Glamorous.

Obvious.

Hideous, In saying it's hideous means it's ugly.

So we can see here that all of these words have that -ous ending and it makes an "eus" sound, doesn't it? If you hear that "eus" sound at the end of the word, that likelihood is that it's an -ous spelling.

Interestingly though, we can see here that there are some root words that are very clear that have had that -ous spelling added to them, but there are some words there that aren't clearly root words that have that -ous ending, and we're gonna be considering these today.

So look here, we have the -ous suffix at the end of each of these words.

Adding the -ous suffix often creates adjectives, and in fact, it often turns nouns into adjectives.

For instance, "poison," which is a noun or "danger," which is a noun, has had the -ous suffix added to it to create an adjective.

So remember, suffixes can change word class.

The suffix -ous often means full of.

If we take for instance, poison and danger and turn them into poisonous and dangerous, poisonous is an adjective, meaning something that is full of poison or is very full of poison.

And danger is something that is very dangerous or full of danger.

An adjective ending in -ous is often shows the quality or states relating to that root word.

So if we think about "fame" and "humour" as our root words in "famous" and "humorous," it means to be full of fame or to have lots of fame, or to be very funny or to be very humorous or full of humour.

As the suffix -ous begins in a vowel, it follows many of those usual patterns that I'm sure you know when adding suffixes when we recognise the root word.

However, in some instances we don't have a root word we recognise, so we just have to learn those spellings for our "eus" -ous words.

There are four key rules, then when we do know the root word when adding our -ous suffix.

In some instances, like we saw with poison and danger, we just have to add -ous.

In other instances, we need to remove the 'e' and add -ous.

But remember, if it's a -ge at the end, then we just add -ous and don't have to remove the 'e' with the soft 'g.

' In other instances, remove the 'y' and add -ious.

And finally, if the root word ends in -our, we change that -our at the end of the word to an -or and then add -ous.

Here are those rules in action then.

Just adding -ous, my root words were "courage" and "joy." When removing the 'e' and adding -ous, our root words here were "fame" and "nerve." We had to remove the 'e' and then add -ous.

Our root words were "vary" and "fury," ending in a 'y'.

That wire was proceeded by a consonant.

We had to remove the 'y' and add -ious.

And you'll notice, in "humorous" and "glamorous" our root words were "humour" and "glamour." Both those root words ended in -our, so we had to remove the -our, add -or, and then our -ous.

So remember these four key rules when we're adding our -ous suffix.

This is important to remember too, and I'll just highlight this once more, that sometimes we don't have to remove the 'e,' especially when that root word is ending in a 'ge' with that soft 'g' and the 'e' is there needed to make that soft 'g,' like "courage." We keep the 'e' and then add -ous to make "courageous." Certain words don't have the obvious root word as I alluded to earlier.

Words like tremendous, jealous, generous, fabulous, serious, obvious, and curious as well as hideous, which means ugly.

They all contain the -ous and they are all adjectives in the same way the previous words we looked at were adjectives.

But the difference being here, they don't have obvious or clear root words that we have recognised in our language.

We might be able to etymologically work out where they're rooted or where they've come from, but it's not very clear and there aren't clear rules here then when adding our -ous.

Here, we can see that we have our 'i' before the -ous.

Some of these adjectives have an 'ee' sound before the -ous ending.

So we have ser-ee-ous, obv-ee-ous, cur-ee-ous and hid-ee-ous, and you'll notice this 'ee' sound can be represented with both an 'i' and an 'e.

' This is usually spelled with an 'i,' but sometimes can be spelled with 'e,' and they are pronounced the same way.

Both that 'i' and that 'e' representation, that spelling, 'i' and 'e' is pronounced in the same way in these words, it makes an 'ee' sound, a long 'ee' sound.

So let's look at these words.

Serious, obvious, and curious make that 'ee' sound before our -ous spelt with an 'i,' and a word like hideous is making the 'ee' sound spelt with an 'e' before our -ous ending.

Remember, all of these words are adjectives.

Say these words aloud to hear the 'ee' sound before the -ous suffix.

Serious.

My turn.

Your turn.

"Serious." Do you hear that? "Ser-ee-ous." 'ee' sound there before our -ous.

Then we have "previous." So something coming before the previous one.

"Obvious." My turn, your turn.

"Obvious." Something that is obvious is very clear.

"Curious." If you are curious, you want to know more.

"Hideous." Saying "This is hideous," is exceptionally ugly.

"Spontaneous." Again, do you hear that 'ee' sound there before our -ous? If something's spontaneous, it's spur of the moment.

It just happens like that.

And finally, "courteous." "Courteous." If you are courteous, you are polite.

Notice here we have both an 'i' and an 'e' representation, making that 'ee' sound before our "eus," our -ous suffix.

The 'ee' sound is usually represented by an 'i'.

This is most common representation.

But as we can see in hideous, spontaneous, and courteous, it can sometimes be represented with an 'e' spelling, as well.

There are also some root words that are derived from a root word ending in a 'y' that follow this pronunciation and spelling pattern.

The word "envious" for instance, comes from the root word "envy," which is that 'ee' sound with a 'y' at the end.

And we've removed the 'y' and added an -ious to make "envious" with an 'i' that is then making that 'ee' sound before our -ous, "eus" suffix.

Here is the word "studious." "Study" there is our root word.

We've removed the 'y' and added -ious to make the word studious, someone that works very hard.

And here we have the root word, "luxury." "EE" sound there at the end of the root word is made by a 'y' and our 'ee' sound now is made by the 'i.

' The 'y' is removed, replaced by an 'i' before our -ous suffix is added to create the adjective "luxurious." So remember, that 'ee' sound can often be represented by an 'i' but also in 'e.

' And in some instances, it is replacing the 'y' from the end of the root word and it's pronounced also with an 'ee' sound.

Envious, studious, luxurious are examples of that.

So I'd like you to have a go at completing this table about words with the 'ee' sound before our -ous suffix.

These words are all adjectives.

The words we have are envious, serious, hideous, obvious, various, and curious.

Are they spelt with an 'e'? That 'ee' sound? Is that spelt with an 'i'? That 'ee' sound? And do you recognise there being a root word from which the 'y' has been removed, and then an 'i' has been added to make that 'ee' sound.

Pause the video.

Put the ticks in the correct boxes as is it that 'ee' sound spelled with an 'e?' Is it spelt with an 'i'? And do you recognise there having been a root word there previously? Pause the video.

Off you go.

Great job team.

So let's go through and see how you've done then.

Envious.

Yeah, it's that 'i' making an 'ee,' isn't it? And we looked at this previously, it's derived from the root word "envy." You can be green with envy, which can then, that noun "envy" can be turned to an adjective: envious, which means to be filled or full of envy or jealousy.

Serious.

Let's have a look at this one.

It's the 'i' there representing that 'ee' sound and there's no clear root word here.

Hideous.

That's that 'e' spelling that's making that 'ee' sound, ad again, no clear root word.

Obvious.

That's that 'i' making that 'ee' sound before our -ous.

And there's no clear root word there.

Various.

Yet again our 'i' sound, 'i' spelling, sorry, making that 'ee' sound before -ous spelling.

And this is derived from the root word "vary." If you vary something, it means there's lots of different versions of something.

You keep things different.

So various means lots of different types of something.

So various there.

The 'y' has been replaced by an 'i' for that 'ee' sound and then -ous has been added.

And curious.

Again, that 'ee' sound is made by, represented by an 'i' and then our -ous spelling in our adjectives there.

For our practise task right now, I'd like to see if you understand some of these -ous words that contain this 'e' and this 'i.

' I'd like to fill in the gaps using the words below that make the most sense.

Ensure you read the sentences aloud and you focus on the spellings as you write them.

Really think, consider the spellings of the root words.

Well, sorry, the words that we have below.

We have the words curious, serious, hideous, obvious, and various.

So I'd like to read the sentences aloud and see which words would work and make most sense in each sentence.

One word fits into each sentence.

Pause the video now.

Have a go at reading the five sentences and putting those words in.

And as I say, really focus on the spelling of the word as you write it out as well.

Pause the video.

Off you go.

Great job, team.

So let's have a look and see how you've done.

"It is (grunt) that she stole the biscuits." "He was (grunt) about the stars." "They painted the landscape with (grunt) colours." "She wore a (grunt) mask that Halloween." "'This is a (grunt) matter,' said the teacher." It is "obvious" that she stole the biscuit.

So it's very clear that that person has stolen that.

He was "curious" about the stars.

So wanted to find out more about them.

They painted the landscapes with "various" colours, so lots of different types of colours.

She wore a "hideous" mask at Halloween.

You would wear a scary ugly mask, wouldn't you? To try and scare someone.

"'And this is a (grunt) matter,' said the teacher." A "serious" matter.

Oh dear.

Perhaps someone's getting themselves into trouble there.

It's a serious matter said the teacher.

You may notice here, obvious, curious, various and serious had that 'e' before the -ous all spelt with an 'i,' and hideous was that outlier, where it had that 'ee' spelt with an 'e' before the -ous.

They were all adjectives.

Onto our final learning cycle, then to practise and apply some spellings that have this -ous, including -ious and -eous.

Let's read the following words first and look at some curriculum words.

My turn, your turn.

Earth.

And this could be as in a planet earth, which would then need a capital letter, or the earth like the soil, the earth that we stand on.

Terra firma.

Learn.

Ooh, similar sound there to earth.

Earth, learn.

Hmm.

Almost.

Same spelling almost though.

Group.

Group.

So I've noticed here in "earth" and "learn" we have this EAR spelling.

In "earth," it's making that 'err' sound, isn't it.

Earth.

And in "learn" it is also making that 'err' sound.

Learn.

In "group," our OU is making an 'oo' sound.

So having had a look at these spellings, what do you think is quite difficult about them? What made it even trickier to remember? Pause the video and have a think.

Okay, so for me, I've noticed that in "earth" and "learn" it's that EAR which is making that 'err' sound.

And in group it's that OU spelling that's making that 'oo' sound, which is quite a strange spelling, isn't it? So the words "earth" and "learn" have an EAR representing that 'err' sound.

We might usually expect EAR to make an 'ear' sound, as in here is your ear.

But in this instance it can also make an 'err' sound like the words "earn," as in the money you earn, and "early," as in early in the morning.

It's quite a rare but also common representation.

And it's a curriculum word, so it's really important that we recognise that that EAR can sometimes make that 'err' sound.

And the 'oo' representation in "group," "G-err-oop," is represented by the OU spelling, which is quite a rare one like as in the word "soup." Have a look at these words.

They appear often in our reading and writing and it's really important that we know how to spell them.

So we have earth, learn, and group.

Which is the correct spelling of the word group here? Group.

Pause the video and point to it, now.

Great job.

"Group," remember, has that OU representation for that 'oo' sound.

So it's OU, not UO.

So the second one's wrong.

C definitely makes phonetic sense.

We often see that 'oo' sound spelled double O, but it's this one here, G-R-O-U-P spells group.

And then let's have a look at the other two curriculum words we've looked at.

Which of these are spelt correctly? Which is the correct spelling of "earth." Earth.

Pause the video and point to it now.

Brilliant.

Now be careful with this one.

ERR, it's that 'err' sound and 'th,''th,''th.

' "Earth." TH at the end.

And it's that 'err' represented with EAR.

"Earth." Now, if we know the spelling of earth, and we recognise that 'err' sound, let me give you a hint.

In "learn," there's a similar 'err' spelling.

Pause the video and point to the correct spelling of learn.

Great.

Again, "L-err-n." Learn.

And it's that EAR representation.

Some of those definitely make phonetic sense.

In fact, all of them do represent different 'err' sounds.

But it's that strange EAR spelling as in earn, early, earth, and learn.

I hope that you've learned something there.

So now we're going to practise using the -ious and the -eous spelling.

Remember, many of these words don't have root words that we can take from.

But do remember that the 'i' and the 'e' here are both making that 'ee' sound.

Ser-ee-ous, obv-ee-ous, cur-ee-ous, prev-ee-ous, ted-ee-ous, which is something that's incredibly boring, describing something as being boring, all have that 'i' representation for that 'ee' sound before our -ous suffix.

And hideous, spontaneous and courteous all have that 'e' representation for that 'ee' sound before our -ous.

Remember, most words are spelled with an 'i' to represent that 'ee' sound.

Less words are spelled with that 'e' to represent that 'ee' sound before our -ous suffix.

So choose the correct spelling in each sentence here, I'll read them to you and I want you to then choose the correct spellings as to which ones look right to you.

"His serious expression showed deep thought." "The old house looked hideous." "The broken window was obvious." "The cat was curious about the toy." Pause the video and select the correct spelling to complete each sentence.

Think about which one looks right.

Good job, team.

Here's serious.

Now "serious," remember, our most common representation for that 'e' is 'i'.

And look, I have an 'i' in both, but in my first one I've forgotten to add my -ous, full -ous suffix.

So the correct spelling is this one, "serious" "Hideous" was our next one.

Now this is about which one looks correct, isn't it? We know both an 'e' and an 'i' can represent that 'ee' sound before our -ous suffix.

It's that rarer 'e' spelling there, "hideous." I often remember this as seeing "hide" as a word in a word there.

"Hide" is in hideous.

"The broken window was obvious." Be careful with this one as well.

"Obvious." What's our most common representation for that 'ee' sound? It's an 'i' spelling, and it's the one that looks right here.

"Obvious." And finally, "The cat was curious." Curiosity killed the cat, remember? "The cat was curious about the toy." It's that most regular representation for that 'ee' sound.

It's the 'i,' curious.

Brilliant.

Let's have a look at some more then.

"They offered various choices." So lots of different choices.

"He was always courteous to guests." So it means he was polite.

"She looked over to her previous classroom." So where she had talked before.

"Sorting papers was a tedious task." So a boring task.

These adjectives here have either an -eous or an -ious.

Which of them is the correct spelling? Which one looks correct to you? Pause the video and select that now.

Off you go.

Great job, team.

"They offered various choices." Now this comes from our root word "vary," and remember we're gonna remove the 'y' and add an -ious.

So various is our correct one here.

"He was always courteous." This is that rarer spelling for that 'ee' sound.

It's that 'e'.

Okay, "courteous." Brilliant.

"She looked over to her previous classroom." This is the more regular spelling here, -ious.

With that 'i' representing that 'ee' sound.

"Sorting the papers was a tedious task." The correct one here is -ious.

That more common representation for that 'ee' sound, that 'i.

' Remember, it can be a bit difficult sometimes, but do remember it's most commonly the 'i' spelling that we have for that 'ee' sound.

So you're gonna have a go for me now at writing some words that I'm going to say to you.

Just listen to me say the words, first of all.

Remember to check to see if there are any root words.

Think about sounding the word out and then give consideration to whether you're going to spell it with that 'ee' sound before our -ous with an 'i' or an 'e'.

So just listening to me carefully.

"Curious" is our first word.

Number one is curious.

"The cat was curious about the toy." Number two is "serious." "This is a serious matter." Serious.

Number three is "hideous." "I wore a hideous Halloween mask." And number four is "envious." "I was envious of your new toy." So listening, one more time to those four words and then you're gonna have a go at writing them.

Curious.

Serious.

Hideous.

Envious.

Pause the video now and have a go at writing those words.

Off you go.

Fantastic job, team.

Really great consideration of whether it's -eous or -ious.

And also I could see children trying to figure out whether they were derived from any root words they recognise ending in the 'y' to remove the 'y' and add -ious.

You superstars.

So let's go through and see how you've done, then.

The first word was "curious." Curious.

Now, it's definitely not going to be the last one, is it? "Curyous." I could see why that might make phonetic sense, but that's not that rule we've been looking at.

We've been looking at -ious or -eous with that -ous at the end, haven't we? "Curious," is that regular spelling or the more common spelling for that 'ee' sound.

Curious with the 'i' spelling, -ous.

The next word was "serious." Again, first one doesn't look right to me.

The second one also doesn't look right on paper.

When I see it written down, this one definitely looks like the correct one.

That 'i' representation for the 'ee' sound and then our -ous.

"Hideous" is our next one.

Now, this one is our representation, the rarer one with that 'e' spelling, representing that 'ee' sound, "hideous." Remember how I remember this? Hideous contains hide.

There's a "hide" in hideous.

Hide from the scary thing, hideous.

And here, "envious." Now think about that.

"Envy" is a root word.

Envy is that 'ee' sound spelled with a 'y'.

And our rule is remove the 'y' and add -ious.

Envious.

How did you do there? You did a really good job.

Did you make any matching mistakes? Do you have any corrections to make? What successes have you had? Share those mistakes and successes and make any corrections now.

Pause the video.

Off you go.

Really great spelling lesson today, all.

Today we've been looking at that suffix, -ous, which often turns nouns into adjectives and means to be "full of." If we take the noun "poison" and add -ous to create "poisonous," it means to be full of poison.

There are four spelling rules when we are adding -ous and we know the root word.

To some, we just add -ous.

To others, we remove the 'e' and add -ous.

To others, we remove the 'y' and add -ious.

And to others, we change the -our at the end of the root word to -or and add -ous.

When we hear that 'ee' sound before -ous, the most likely spelling, remember, is an 'i' representation, but it can sometimes be an 'e' making that 'ee' sound as well before our -ous.

Keep up the great spelling, keep up the great practise, and I'll see you again soon.