Lesson video

Hello, everyone.

My name's Mrs. Riley, and I'm here today to teach you some new vocabulary.

Today's vocabulary is associated with calm and pleasant words, so we're learning some really lovely, nice words to use today.

I hope you enjoy today's lesson.

The outcome of today's lesson is to use the words balmy, dewy, and temperate effectively in multiple contexts.

Here are our keywords we'll be using in today's lesson.

So all of these words are going to be really important for our learning today.

So we're gonna start off by saying them out loud.

I'm going to say each word, and then I'd like you to repeat it back to me.

Are you ready? Noun, adjective, synonym, word pair.

Well done.

Thank you for joining in.

So let's find out what these words mean.

A noun is a naming word for people, places, or things.

An adjective is a word that describes a noun.

So today, if we're learning things that are linked with calm and pleasant things, we're going to be learning describing words, we're gonna be learning adjectives, and hopefully you will have some lovely things, lovely nouns, to describe.

A synonym is a word that has the same or similar meaning to another word.

For example, calm and pleasant or calm and relaxing might be synonyms for each other because they have a similar meaning.

Word pairs are words that often appear together.

For example, a relaxing holiday or a relaxing rest.

They would appear together.

They're word pairs.

So let's start off by looking at our learning cycles today.

We have three learning cycles, and in each learning cycle, we'll be learning one new calm and pleasant word.

So I hope you're all feeling nice and calm before we look at our first Mrs. Wordsmith picture.

What's happening in this picture? This is Brick the hippo.

Could you describe, either out loud or to someone or just have a think in your head, what is happening in this picture? Pause the video while you do that.

Okay, well done.

Brick, in this picture, is lying on a hammock, and he is looking very calm and very relaxed.

The palm tree's kind of swinging over with the weight of him, and I can see the sea and some sand, so it looks almost like he's on a beach or maybe an island somewhere.

And the sky is pink, so that makes me think, sometimes the sky goes a pinky colour in the evening at sunset.

So maybe it's kind of the end of the day.

Maybe it's not nighttime yet, maybe it's kind of dusk, and Brick is just lying here in his hammock and relaxing.

He's not wearing many clothes.

I think he's maybe just got some swimming trunks or shorts on, so it must be warm enough for him to be relaxing in just those, not feeling cold.

So I can tell it's nice and warm.

Right, let's see what this word is.

Balmy.

My turn, your turn.

Balmy.

Well done.

Balmy is an adjective.

It means mild or warm, like weather that makes you want to lie down and daydream.

So mild weather is warm weather.

The important thing about the word balmy, it's both mild or warm.

It's not meaning that it's scorching hot.

It's not uncomfortably hot.

It's just warm, so it's a nice, comfortable temperature to be in.

These words are synonyms of balmy, warm, mild, summery.

Here's the word in a sentence, "The balmy breeze gently rocked Brick's hammock." Let's just imagine quickly how a balmy breeze would feel on our faces.

Not a cold, bitter wind, but a balmy, warm breeze.

That would feel really lovely, wouldn't it? These words are word pairs of balmy, balmy spring, balmy afternoon, balmy evening, balmy night.

So sometimes in the summer, even at nighttime, it's nice and warm.

Balmy air, balmy breeze, and balmy weather.

So all of those are either linked to the weather, or like weather or the breeze or the air or to a time, so the spring, the afternoon, the night.

So this word is nice and easy to use.

Could you pause the video now, and could you read all of those word pairs out loud? Off you go.

Well done.

Let's check what we've just learned.

Which of these words is a synonym for balmy? Is it A, mild, B, sweltering, C searing? Pause the video while you think about your answer.

Well done.

The correct answer is A, mild.

Sweltering and searing both mean really hot, and that doesn't mean the same thing as balmy.

Balmy means mild or warm.

So it's time for the first task in today's lesson.

For this task, you've got a word map with the word balmy written in the middle.

Surrounding the word balmy are either synonyms or word pairs.

First, I'd like you to try to find all the synonyms of balmy words that have the same meaning, and then I'd like you to circle them.

Then I'd like you to draw lines to the word pairs, and as you do that, I'd like you to say each word pair out loud.

Here's the word in a sentence to help you, "The balmy breeze gently rocked Brick's hammock." Now, if you're unsure if the word is a synonym or not, you might be able to replace it with the word balmy in that sentence.

So that's a little trick that might help you.

Can you pause the video now while you complete this task? Okay, well done.

Let's go through the answers together.

The synonyms are warm, summery, mild.

The word pairs are balmy air, balmy evening, balmy breeze, balmy afternoon, balmy weather, balmy night, and balmy spring.

For the next part of your task, I'd like you to write a sentence using the word balmy.

The word pairs are there to help you.

So you might start off by picking a word pair.

For instance, balmy afternoon.

And then you might think, who is this sentence about? Is it about yourself, or it could be about a Mrs. Wordsmith character like Brick, or it could be about a character in a book you're reading or someone you're learning about at school.

And then you can think about the rest of your sentence.

I'd always advise saying your sentence out loud before you write it and going back to check it.

And when you check it for any mistakes, you can also add some improvements because we're trying to be really ambitious with our writing today.

Let's try to write the best sentence we possibly can do.

Can you pause the video now while you write your own sentence using the word balmy? Okay, well done.

Let's take a look at some example sentences.

It was a balmy afternoon, so Grit wore his lime green shorts to keep cool.

Bearnice finally started to cool down on the balmy evening as she sipped her cold, icy drink.

As Brick stepped outside, he breathed in the balmy summer air.

Now, you may notice that each of these sentences isn't a simple sentence just about one idea.

It's a complex sentence, or to be precise, an adverbial complex sentence.

And the thing that makes it an adverbial complex sentence is that it has a main clause and a subordinate clause in each one.

My subordinate clause in the first sentence starts with the word so, or the conjunction so.

The main clause is "It was a balmy afternoon," and then my subordinate clause starting with the conjunction so is "so Grit wore his lime green shorts to keep cool." In my second sentence, I have the conjunction as.

"Bearnice finally started to cool down on the balmy evening," there's my main clause, "as she sipped her cold, icy drink." In my third sentence, I also have as, but this time I've put my subordinate clause first.

"As Brick stepped outside," comma, "he breathed in the balmy summer air." So the conjunctions I've used here are so and as.

We could also use when and because.

If we use these to start a subordinate clause that comes after the main clause, we don't need a comma.

If we start our sentence with one of these conjunctions and have our subordinate clause first, we need to have a comma after it to separate it from the main clause.

Now, the reason I'm showing you this now is because later in the lesson, you're going to have another opportunity to write a sentence, and I thought perhaps you might like to try to write an adverbial complex sentence.

Maybe you might use the conjunction so or as.

Let's take a look at our second calm and pleasant word.

So far, we've learnt balmy, which means mild, warm, and summery.

Let's see what the next one is.

Ooh, what's happening in this picture? This is Bogart the fly.

What's he doing here? Could you pause the video while you have some thinking time or describe out loud what you can see? Well done.

Bogart here has got a little curved straw, and he's flown over to a blade of grass and he's sucking up a drop of water.

Now, sometimes the grass is wet when it has been raining, but in the mornings, you may have noticed the grass is quite often wet after being cold at nighttime.

It then is wet in the morning.

And there's a special word we use to describe this kind of wet grass, and that word is dewy.

My turn, your turn.

Dewy.

Well done.

But dewy can also be used in other contexts.

So dewy means moist or damp.

You might describe a cake as moist if it's almost a little bit wet.

It's the opposite of being dry, moist.

So moist or damp, like grass that is covered in little droplets of water first thing in the morning.

These words are synonyms of dewy, moist, damp, fresh.

"The dewy grass sparkled in the morning sun." So you might be thinking, "Okay, Mrs. Riley.

Well, we've got this word dewy, but it only describes the grass." But actually, we'll see now when we look at the word pairs, it can describe other things as well.

We can have a dewy morning, a dewy grass or some dewy grass, a dewy cobweb.

So imagine what that would look like.

Perhaps just close your eyes a second.

Imagine a cobweb in the morning, and imagine it's got little tiny droplets maybe shimmering in the sunlight.

Dewy skin.

Now that's an interesting one, isn't it? So imagine skin that looks fresh and glowing.

Skin like that you might describe as dewy.

And complexion is another way to describe somebody's skin.

So a dewy complexion, a kind of glowing, fresh, almost a little bit wet-looking complexion.

And finally, a dewy glow.

So perhaps if you were going to have some makeup put on you, you could say to the makeup artist, "I'd like you to give me a dewy glow." And that's what they might try to achieve.

So could you now pause the video and read these six word pairs out loud? Off you go.

Well done.

Let's check what we've just learned.

Which of these words is a synonym for dewy? Is it A, soaking wet? Is it B, fresh? Or is it C, damp? Pause the video while you think about your answer.

Well done.

So the correct answer is fresh and damp.

That was a bit of a trick one 'cause there were two synonyms. I really should have said, "Which of these words are synonyms for dewy?" So there were two there.

Fresh and damp are both synonyms. It's time for another word map.

This time, we have dewy in the middle.

First, could you circle the synonyms, and then could you draw lines to the word pairs? And as you do that, practise saying them out loud.

Again, here's a sentence to help you if you would like it.

You could maybe take out the word dewy and see if you can replace it with the synonym.

Can you pause the video while you complete this first part of your task? Well done.

Let's go through the answers together.

So the synonyms are moist, fresh, and damp.

The word pairs are dewy morning, dewy skin, dewy glow, dewy complexion, remember, that's another word for somebody's skin, dewy cobweb, and dewy grass.

We're now going to write a sentence using the word dewy.

Here are the word pairs to help you.

That's your starting point.

But also, here are these conjunctions to help you as well.

You could use one of those to write an adverbial complex sentence.

You might start your sentence with one of those and then have a comma after the subordinate clause and then your main clause, or you might write your main clause first and then write and then extend it with one of these conjunctions.

You don't have to do that, but it's just a way of challenging yourself a little bit and trying to write a really impressive sentence.

So can you pause the video now while you have a go at writing your own sentence using the word dewy? Excellent, well done.

Let's look at some example sentences.

The spider's dewy cobweb twinkled in the moonlight.

When Bogart returned from his yoga retreat, his skin had a dewy glow.

If you go on a retreat, so a yoga retreat for example, it's when you withdraw from everything and you just focus on one thing, so focus on yoga for a week.

Some people, you might go on a sort of healthy eating retreat or a retreat where you write poetry for a week.

So after he's got back when he returned from his yoga retreat, where he's obviously been very healthy and relaxed, his skin had a dewy glow.

Oz used moisturiser, it's like cream, every day so she had youthful, dewy skin.

Youthful means young looking.

So because Oz used moisturiser every day, she had youthful, dewy skin.

Now, you may have noticed that the first sentence is just a simple sentence, just one main clause, "The spider's dewy cobweb twinkled in the moonlight," but my second sentence starts with the conjunction when.

"When Bogart returned from his yoga retreat," comma, there's my subordinate clause and I have the comma to separate it from my main clause, "which is is his skin had a dewy glow." In the third sentence, I've got my main clause first.

"Oz used moisturiser every day," it makes sense by itself, but I've decided to extend it with the conjunction so, "so she had youthful, dewy skin." And because my subordinate clause comes second there, I don't need a comma.

If you didn't manage to do an adverbial complex sentence this time, perhaps for your last sentence in the last learning cycle, you could give that a go.

Okay, so our first calm and pleasant word, can you remember what it was? It meant mild and warm and summery, and it began with a B.

Can you shout it out to me? Well done, balmy.

And the second one, which describes moist or damp, could describe grass or it could describe fresh skin, is.

Well done, balmy.

Sorry, dewy.

I got that one wrong.

First one was balmy, the second one was dewy.

Okay, so we're on to our third calm and pleasant word.

Let's see what this one is.

Hmm, what's happening in this picture? This is Grit the dog.

Can you pause the video while you describe this picture? Off you go.

Okay, well done.

Well, Grit here looks very relaxed, doesn't he? He's sort of leaning back.

It looks like a pier that's going into the water.

He's got one foot in the water.

Maybe it's a lake.

And he's kind of looking up, and there's a cloud in the sky.

He's got this shirt and some jeans on that are rolled up, and a hat.

So I think he doesn't look sweltering, does he? He doesn't look boiling hot.

But he looks nice and warm.

Let's find out what this word is.

Temperate.

My turn, your turn.

Temperate.

Temperate is an adjective meaning mild or pleasant, like a place where the weather is never too hot and never too cold.

These words are synonyms of temperate, pleasant, gentle, mild.

Here's the word in a sentence, "Grit enjoyed the temperate climate where he lived; it wasn't too hot and it wasn't too cold." These words are word pairs of temperate, temperate weather, temperate climate, temperate forest, temperate water.

So we know that the weather is, each day, whether it's raining or snowing or sunny or windy.

The climate is when you look at the weather over a long period of time, and you might discuss the climate in a certain country or in a certain area.

If you live very close to the equator, the climate is very hot.

So you wouldn't really describe that as temperate, a temperate climate, because it would be quite extreme.

In England, we do have quite a temperate climate because even though it gets cold, it doesn't ever get too.

Well, it sometimes does get freezing, but very rarely, and it also doesn't get too hot.

In some countries, the weather gets extremely hot, sometimes in 40 degrees, whereas in England, it rarely gets that high.

So we have a temperate climate.

So what I'd like you to do now is I'd like you to pause the video and read those word pairs out loud.

Off you go.

Well done.

Now we've got two more word pairs for temperate.

We have a temperate person and temperate speech.

Now, this one is a little bit more abstract.

Temperate can also mean showing moderation, self-restraint, and not being excessive.

A person with a temperate attitude is balanced and avoids extremes.

So a bit like how if you have a temperate climate, it's neither too hot nor too cold, a temperate person is also quite balanced.

They're not going to suddenly be one minute passionately angry and the next minute really sad and the next minute overjoyed.

They're going to show moderation and self-restraint.

They're not excessive in any way.

So a temperate speech, if somebody was giving a speech, let's imagine a politician was giving a speech, if it was a temperate speech, again, it would be balanced and avoid extremes.

You wouldn't say really drastic, extreme things that was going to get a big reaction from the crowd.

It would just be quite self-restrained and quite balanced.

So we can see that temperate can be used to obviously describe the weather or a climate, but it can also be used to describe a person or a speech as well.

So could you just repeat after me, temperate person, temperate speech.

Well done.

Which of these words is a word pair of temperate, fire, ice, or forest? Could you pause the video while you think about the answer? Well done.

The correct answer is C, a temperate forest.

A fire couldn't be temperate because a fire is an extreme.

It's very hot.

And ice is also an extreme, being very cold.

So those wouldn't work with temperate.

But a forest could be temperate.

Okay, the last word map of the day.

We've got temperate in the middle.

First circle the synonyms, then draw lines to the word pairs.

Here's the word in a sentence to help you, and remember that trick to replace the word with a synonym if you are struggling to work out which one it is.

Can you pause the video while you complete this task? Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

The synonyms are gentle, mild, and pleasant.

The word pairs are temperate climate, temperate forest, temperate person, temperate water, temperate speech, and temperate weather.

If water was temperate, it wouldn't be too hot and it wouldn't be too cold.

So it's time for you to write your last sentence of today's lesson.

Again, the word pairs are here to help you, and those subordinating conjunctions as, when, so, and because, which you could use to make adverbial complex sentence.

Remember, this is the last sentence of today's lesson, so let's try to make this the best sentence we've written so far this lesson.

Let's try to be really ambitious.

Off you go.

Pause the video now.

Okay, well done.

You've done really well this lesson.

Let's look at some examples of some sentences that you might have written.

We decided to go for a hike because the forecast predicted temperate weather with a gentle breeze.

That would be the perfect weather, wouldn't it, to go for a nice, long walk.

It's not too hot or too cold, and there's a nice gentle breeze.

Because of the lake's temperate water, it attracted lots of tourists who loved to swim there.

I'd like to swim in temperate water that's not too hot and not too cold.

Oz, who was well known for her fiery bluntness, managed to give a collected and temperate speech.

So Oz, you've got a relative clause in there, who was well known for her fiery bluntness.

So fiery, that means she's very passionate, and if you're blunt, it means you're very direct.

In this situation, she managed to give a collected and temperate speech.

Remember, avoiding extremes.

So again, in these sentences, you may have noticed that in the first one, we've got the conjunction because, so we've got an adverbial complex sentence.

And in the second one, you can see that we use because as well.

But in the first one, because comes in the middle, so the subordinate clause comes after the main clause, whereas in the second sentence, we start with the subordinate clause.

And remember, if you start with a subordinate clause, you must have the comma at the end of it.

"Because of the lake's temperate water," comma, and then your main clause afterwards.

So well done if you managed to write an adverbial complex sentence today.

And if you didn't, don't worry.

Just keep practising until you feel confident enough to give it a go.

We've got one last task in today's lesson, and it's a filling the gap task.

So I'm going to give you three sentences, and you need to fill the gaps with either balmy, dewy, or temperate.

Bearnice's, mm, skin was glowing after an hour of salsa dancing.

The city's popularity is partly due to its, mm, climate, which makes it appealing for those who like comfortable weather conditions.

Barbecue smoke wafted through the hot, mm, summer air.

Can you pause the video now while you decide which word fits best in which sentence? Okay, let's go through the answers together.

So the first one should have been Bearnice's dewy skin was glowing.

Remember, dewy means damp or wet, but if you describe your skin or complexion as dewy, it kind of is like a slightly glowy look.

The city's popularity is partly due to its temperate climate, which makes it appealing for those who like comfortable weather conditions.

It's not too hot, not too cold.

And finally, barbecue smoke wafted through the hot, balmy, summer air.

Balmy means mild, warm, and summery.

So let's summarise what we've learned today.

Balmy is an adjective meaning mild or warm, like weather that makes you want to lie down and daydream.

Dewy is an adjective meaning moist or damp, like grass that is covered in little droplets of water first thing in the morning.

And temperate is an adjective meaning mild or pleasant, like a place where the weather is never too hot and never too cold.

Well done for all your hard work today.

We've covered some quite tricky grammar as well as learning three new words, and I hope these three new words will be really helpful.

Thank you for joining me today, and hopefully I'll see you again soon, bye!.